题目内容
20．Children who suffer from frequent nightmares or night terrors may be at an increased risk of mental illness in adolescence，said a new study published Friday in the U．S．journal SLEEP，It showed that children with frequent nightmares before the age of 12were 3.5times more likely to suffer from mental problems in early adolescence．
About three in every four children experience nightmares at this young age，which can reduce as they grow older．They occur in the second half of sleep during rapid eye movement （REM） sleep．Those who have experienced them will often wake up suddenly with a sense of fear，worry and possible palpitations（心悸）．
Night terrors，a sleep disorder，differ from nightmares and occur during deep sleep （non-REM） cycles in the first half of the night．A night terror is often signified by a loud scream and the individual sitting upright in a scared state，though unaware of any of the involuntary action．The violent movement of limbs（肢体） and rapid body movements are witnessed in more extreme cases．Children wake up in the morning unaware of their activity throughout the night．
"We certainly don't want to worry parents with this news．However，nightmares over a prolonged period or night terrors that continued into adolescence can be an early indicator of something more important in later life，"Wolke said．
The researchers advised parents to create an environment that allows for the best possible quality of sleep for their child．"Diet is a key part of this，such as avoiding sugary drinks before bed，"co-author Helen Fisher of King's College London said．"But at that young age we'd always recommend removing any affecting stimuli（刺激） from the bedroom--be it television，video games or otherwise．That's the most practical change you can make．"
The researchers said the study is important because an early warning sign may lead to early intervention（干预） that is important to help avoid children suffering mental illness when they reach adulthood．
47．What is the passage mainly about？D
A．The differences between nightmares and night terrors．
B．How to reduce nightmares and night terrors．
C．Why children have nightmares and night terrors．
D．Frequent nightmares and night terrors may affect children's mental health．
48．Which of the following best shows the differences between nightmares and night terrors？A
A．Conscious nightmares，unconscious night terrors
B．Unconscious nightmares，conscious night terrors
C．Earlier nightmares，later night terrors
D．Common nightmares，rare night terrors．
49．Which of the following statements is true？B
A．Most children experience very frequent nightmares．
B．Younger children suffer more from frequent nightmares and night terrors．
C．Night terrors can not be observed．
D．Nightmares and night terrors increase with age going on．
50．What can parents do to help reduce nightmares or night terrors？D
A．Worry about their children's nightmares and night terrors．
B．Let their children drink some Coco cola．
C．Watch TV or play computer games with their children．
D．Create a comfortable and peaceful sleeping environment．
分析 本文属于说明文阅读，作者通过这篇文章主要向我们描述了新的研究发现经常做噩梦或夜惊可能增加孩子在青春期患有精神疾病的风险．
解答 47．D．主旨大意题．根据第一段Children who suffer from frequent nightmares or night terrors may be at an increased risk of mental illness in adolescence，said a new study published Friday in the U．S．journal SLEEP可知文章的主要内容是频繁的噩梦和夜间恐怖可能影响儿童的心理健康；故选D．
48．A．细节理解题．根据第三段Those who have experienced them will often wake up suddenly with a sense of fear，worry and possible palpitations第四段Children wake up in the morning unaware of their activity throughout the night可知噩梦和夜惊的区别区别是噩梦是有意识的，夜惊是无意识的；故选A．
49．B．推理判断题．根据第三段About three in every four children experience nightmares at this young age，which can reduce as they grow older可知年轻的孩子遭受更多的噩梦和夜惊；故选B．
50．D．细节理解题．根据第五段The researchers advised parents to create an environment that allows for the best possible quality of sleep for their child可知父母能通过创造舒适和平的睡眠环境来帮助减少噩梦或夜惊；故选D．
点评 考察学生的细节理解和推理判断能力，做细节理解题时一定要找到文章中的原句，和题干进行比较，再做出正确的选择．在做推理判断题不要以个人的主观想象代替文章的事实，要根据文章事实进行合乎逻辑的推理判断．
