The first newspapers were written by hand and put up on walls in public place. The earliest daily newspaper was started in Rome in 59 BC. In the 700’s the world’s first printed newspaper was published. Europe didn’t have a regularly published newspaper until 1609, when one was started in Germany.

The first regularly published newspaper in the English language was printed in Amsterdam in 1620. In 1621, an English newspaper was started in London and was published once a week. The first daily English newspaper was the Daily Courant (每日新闻). It came out in March 1702.

In 1690, Benjamin Harris printed the first American newspaper in Boston. But not long after it was first published, the government stopped the paper. In 1704, John Campbell started The Boston Newsletter (波士顿新闻通讯), the first newspaper published in the American colonies. By 1760, the colonies had more than thirty daily newspapers. There are now about 1,800 daily papers in the United States.

Today, as a group, English language newspapers have the largest circulation (发行量) in the world. But the largest circulation for a newspaper is that of the Japanese newspaper Asahi Dhimbun (朝日新闻).It sells more than 11 million copies every day.

1.The first daily newspaper came out in _____.

A.59 BC

B.700’s

C.1609

D.1620

2.The first regular published newspaper in Europe was printed in _____.

A.England

B.Germany

C.France

D.Sweden

3.The first printed newspaper in America came out in _____.

A.Washington

B.New York

C.Boston

D.New Orleans

4.Today there are about _____ daily newspaper printed in the United States.

A.1621

B.1704

C.1760

D.1800

5.Which is NOT true according to the passage?

A.The first regularly published newspaper in the English language was printed in Amsterdam.

B.English language newspaper sells more than 11 million copies every day.

C.Europe didn’t have a regularly published newspaper in 1608.

D.The first daily English newspaper came out in March 1702.

 

III. Reading Comprehension

Section A

Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D.  Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.

The first attempt of even the most talented artists, musicians, and writers is seldom a masterpiece, If you consider your drafts as dress rehearsals (彩排), or tryouts, revising will seem a natural part of the writing ___50___.

What is the purpose of the dress rehearsals and the out-of-town previews that many Broadway shows go through? The answer is adding, deleting, replacing, reordering, ___51___ revising. Andrew Lloyd Webber's musical Phantom of the Opera underwent such a process.

When Lloyd Webber began writing in 1984, he had in mind a funny, exciting production. However, when Phantom opened in London in 1986, the audience saw a moving psychological love story set to music. The musical had. ___52___ several revisions due, in part, to problems with costuming and makeup (戏服和化妆). For instance, Lloyd Webber ___53___ some of the music because the Phantom's makeup prevented the actor from singing certain sounds.

When you revise, you change aspects of your work in ___54___ to your evolving purpose, or to include ___55___ ideas or newly discovered information.

Revision is not just an afterthought that gets only as much time as you have at the end of an assignment. ___56___, it is a major stage of the writing process, and writers revise every step of the way. Even your decision to ___57___. topics while prewriting is a type of revising. However. don't make the mistake of skipping the revision stage that follows ___58___. Always make time to become your own ___59___and view your dress rehearsal, so to speak. Reviewing your work in this way can give you ___60___ new ideas.

Revising involves ___61___ the effectiveness and appropriateness of all aspects of your writing, making your purpose more clearly, and refocusing or developing the facts and ideas you present. When you revise, ask yourself the following questions, keeping in mind the audience for whom you are writing: Is my main idea or purpose ___62___ throughout my draft? Do I ever lose sight of my purpose? Have I given my readers all of the ___63___ that is, facts, opinions, inferences --- that they need in order to understand my main idea? Finally, have I included too many ___64___ details that may confuse readers?

50. A. technique       B. style           C. process         D. career

51. A. in particular     B. as a result       C. for example     D. in other words

52. A. undergone       B. skipped        C. rejected         D. replaced

53. A. rewrote         B. released        C. recorded         D. reserved

54. A. addition         B. response       C. opposition        D. contrast

55. A. fixed           B. ambitious      C. familiar           D. fresh

56. A. However        B. Moreover      C. Instead           D. Therefore

57. A. discuss          B. switch         C. exhaust          D. cover

58. A. drafting         B. rearranging      C. performing      D. training

59. A. director         B. master          C. audience        D. visitor

60. A. personal         B. valuable        C. basic           D. delicate

61. A. mixing          B. weakening       C. maintaining     D. assessing

62. A. amazing         B. bright           C. unique         D. clear

63. A. angles          B. evidence         C. information     D. hints

64. A. unnecessary     B. uninteresting      C. concrete        D. final

 

People fell in love with Elizabeth Taylor in 1944, when she starred in National Velvet-the story of Velvet Brown, a young girl who wins first place in a famous horse race, At first, the producers of the movie told Taylor that she was too small to play the part of Velvet. However, they waited for her for a few months as she exercised and trained—and added three inches to her height in four months! Her acting in National Velvet is still considered the best by a child actress.

Elizabeth Taylor was born in London in 1932. Her parents, both Americans, had moved there for business reasons. When World War II started, the Taylors moved to Beverly Hills, California, and there Elizabeth started acting in movies. After her success as a child star, Taylor had no trouble moving into adult(成人)roles and won twice for Best Actress: Butterfield 8(1960) and Who’s Afraid of Virginia Woolf ? (1966)

Taylor’s fame(名声)and popularity gave her a lot of power with the movie industry, so she was able to demand very high pay for her movies. In 1963, she received $1 million for her part in Cleopatra—the highest pay received by any star up to that time.

Elizabeth Taylor is a legend (传奇人物) of our time. Like Velvet Brown in National Velvet, she has been lucky, she has beauty, fame and wealth. But she is also a hard worker. Taylor seldom acts in movies any more. Instead, she puts her time and efforts into her businesses, and into helping others — several years ago, she founded an organization that has raised more than $40 million for research and education.

1. The producers didn’t let Taylor play the part of Velvet at first because they thought she ____.

A. was small in size                    B. was too young

C. did not play well enough                 D. did not show much interest

2. What Elizabeth Taylor and Velvet Brown had in common was that they were both _____.

A. popular all their lives              B. famous actresses

C. suecessful when very young           D. rich and kind-hearted

3.Taylor became Best Actress at the age of          .

A. 12         B. 28                  C. 31          D. 34

4.In her later life , Elizabeth Taylor devoted herself to             .

A. doing business and helping others        B. turning herself into a legend

C. collecting money for the poor           D. going about research and education work

 

 

Britain's oldest man made his first visit to London yesterday at the age of 110. Mr. John Evans had never found the time or the money-to make the trip from his home near Swansea. But, when British Rail offered him an all-expenses-paid birthday trip to the capital, he just could not refuse.

Until yesterday he had never been far from home, except for one trip to Aberdeen. Mr. Evans, who spent 60 years working as a miner in South Wales, almost made the journey to London once before, at the turn of the century. "There was a trip to the White City but it was ten shillings (1 shilling =" 1/20" pound) return from Swansea—too much I thought. All my money went to the family then." he said.

During the next two days Mr. Evans will be taken on a whistle-stop tour of London to see the sights. Top of his list is a visit to the Houses of Parliament(国会).

The only arrangement he does not care for is the wheelchair provided to move him about if he gets tired. "I don't like the chair business--people will think I am getting old," he said.

His secret for a long and healthy life has been well publicized--no alcohol, no cigarette and no anger. Before setting off from Swansea with his 76-year-old son, Amwel, he quipped," I'm glad to see they've given me a return ticket. "

1.It was reported that Mr. Evans's healthy long life was to a certain extent due to his ______.

A.wine drinking

B.proper smoking

C.mild temper

D.sense of humor

2. Which of the following statements is true?

A.A single trip from Mr. Evans's home to the White City used to be ten shillings.

B.The first place for Mr. Evans to visit is the Houses of Parliament.

C.He appreciated people's arrangement of a wheelchair during his visit.

D.Mr. Evans once made the journey to London at the turn of the century.

3.The word "quip" in the last sentence most probably means _______.

A.to make a witty remark

B.to express a happy message

C.to make a wish

D.to tell a joke

4.What might be the best title for this passage?

A.110-Year-Old Tourist

B.Secret for Long and Healthy Life

C.Free Return Ticket

D.Sightseeing in London

 

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