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阅读理解。

I have been teaching animal behavior at the Boulder County Jail in Colorado for 10 years. The course is one of the most popular in the prison. Prisoners have to earn the right to attend the course and they work hard to get in.

One reason why the course is so popular is that many prisoners find it easier to connect with animals than with people, because animals don't judge them. They trust animals in ways they don't with humans.

Yet, they hold a misunderstanding of how animals treat one another. Many admit that their own “animal behavior” is what got them into trouble in the first place. I teach that though there is competition and aggression in the animal kingdom, there is also a lot of cooperation (合作) and sympathy.

Many of the students want to build healthy relationships, and they find that the class helps them. I use examples of the social behavior of group?living animals such as wolves as a model for developing and maintaining (维持) friendships among people who must work together for their own good and also for the good of the group.

It's clear that science inspires the students here and it also gives them hope. I know some students have gone back into education after their being set free while others have gone to work for humane (人道的) societies or contributed time and money to conservation organizations. One went on to receive a master's degree in nature writing.

Science and humane education help the prisoners connect with values that they otherwise would not have done. It opens the door to understanding, trust, cooperation and hope. There's a large population of people to whom science could mean a lot, if only they could have access to it. The class helps me, too. I get as much out of it as the students and it has made me a better teacher.

1.The author's course is welcomed by the prisoners because ________.

A．they consider animals their best friends

B．they are curious about the animal kingdom

C．they feel it easier to get along with animals

D．they are more familiar with animal behavior

2.The author used wolves as an example to ________.

A．provide the prisoners with more knowledge

B．explain the cruel side of group?living animals

C．help the prisoners realize the importance of teamwork

D．inform the prisoners that animals get people into trouble

3.We can infer from the text that some prisoners ________.

A．have turned over a new leaf

B．are required to attend the course

C．are willing to learn working skills

D．prefer humane education to science

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Etymology, the study of words and word roots, may sound like the kind of thing done by boring librarians in small, dusty rooms. Yet etymologists actually have a uniquely interesting job. They are in many ways just like archaeologists (考古学家) digging up the physical history of people and events. The special aspect of etymology is that it digs up history, so to speak, through the words and phrases that are left behind.

The English language, in particular, is a great field to explore history through words. As a language, English has an extraordinary number of words. This is partly due to its ability to adapt foreign words so readily. For example, “English” words such as kindergarten (from German), croissant (from French), and cheetah (from Hindi) have become part of the language with little or no change from their original sounds and spellings. So English-language etymologists have a vast world of words to explore.

Another enjoyable thing about etymology for most word experts is solving word mysteries (谜). No, etymologists do not go around solving murders, like the great detective Sherlock Holmes. What these word experts solve are mysterious origins of some of our most common words.

One of the biggest questions English language experts have pursued is how English came to have the phrase OK. Though it is one of the most commonly used expressions, its exact beginning is a puzzle even to this day. Even its spelling is not entirely consistent-- unless you spell it Okay, it is hard even to call it a word.

Etymologists have been able to narrow OK’s origin down to a likely, although not certain, source (来源). It became widely used around the time of Martin Van Buren’s run for president in 1840. His nickname was Old Kinderhook. What troubles word experts about this explanation is that the phrase appeared in some newspapers before Van Buren became well known. It is likely that Van Buren could be called its primary source. Etymologists will doubtlessly keep searching for the original source. However, it is clear that OK’s popularity and reputation have topped those of the American president to whom it has been most clearly linked.

1.The author mentions the words like “croissant” in Paragraph 2 to show _______.

A. words have changed a lot in the two languages

B. what English-language etymologists are exploring now

C. English has absorbed many words from other foreign languages

D. the English vocabulary is difficult to the non-English-speaking people

2.The underlined word “pursued” in Paragraph 4 means _______.

A. looked upon B. dug up C. put in D. set down

3.We can learn from the passage that etymologists _______.

A. discover the possible origin of words

B. help detectives to solve mysterious murders

C. write interesting stories for some newspapers

D. explore the English language as well as the recent events

4.What most probably is the major purpose of the passage?

A. To present the history of English words.

B. To explain what an etymologist does for his job.

C. To introduce the pleasure of the study of words and word roots.

D. To teach readers how to tell English words from non-English words·

Picture the scene: You come home after work feeling too exhausted to cook –only to find a delicious meal worthy of a Michelin-starred restaurant waiting for you. It sounds like a fantasy, but it could be about to come true thanks to a robot chef developed by British scientists.

Those scientists have come up with a set of robotic arms so smart that they are capable of cooking meals all by themselves. The device will be sold from as early as 2017 as part of a purpose-built high-tech kitchen.

Scientists at Moley Robotics spent almost 18 years developing the hands. According to its creators, the arms can chop, stir, whisk and baste well enough to recreate almost anything you would care to eat, whether it is a simple home-cooked supper, or a complicated creation designed by a world-class chef. The hands move a little slowly, hovering strangely above the work surface whenever they are not busy, but they imitate human movements closely enough that they can do things such as wiping a spoon on the edge of a pan to prevent drips.

Mr Oleynik, who is leading the project, said, “All the things which are possible with the hand are possible here. There is no limitation. A lot of people want to go to Michelin-starred restaurants, but they are quite expensive and may be quite far from the home. This is an opportunity for people to enjoy very good food, and for a reasonable price. ”

The only cuisine that is off the robot’s menu at the moment is sushi, which requires extremely steady pressure and nimble（敏捷的；敏感的） fingers to make, but the team plan to conquer that as well by the time it goes on sale.

1.People go to Michelin-starred restaurants in order to_________.

A. appreciate car tires B. enjoy delicious meals

C. see the new robot chefs D. escape from work

2.What does the underlined word “they” in Paragraph 2 refer to?

A. British scientists B. The robot chef’s arms

C. Cooks at restaurants D. Household wives

3.Which kind of food CAN’T the robot chef cook at present?

A. Bread B. Beef C. Sushi D. Sandwich

4.What can we infer from the passage?

A. Hands of a robot chef can perform exactly like a cook.

B. Robot chefs are available at shopping malls.

C. Michelin-starred restaurants are suitable for many people.

D. It is uncertain when the robot can cook all kinds of food.

My wife is addicted to shopping on the Internet._1. seems that she can't control herself well, just clicking constantly with the mouse.Let me tell you what happened last night.It was the fourth time she 2. (shop) online for hours.I had already reminded her 3. (think) twice before buying anything, but my wife ignored what I said and replied confidently，“With the New Year 4. (approach), preparation is necessary. 5.， I haven't bought things on the Internet for a whole week.”Hearing her words, I was really speechless.In most cases, the things she bought aren't good value for money.Maybe she just enjoys 6. process of buying online.

Nowadays, 7. the development of technology, online shopping is becoming more and more convenient.Those 8. stay at home can buy whatever they want.In the meanwhile, it causes a series of 9. (problem)．One of them is more spending than before, because people are 10. (easy) attracted by the discount.So how to keep a good state of mind in front of temptation (诱惑) is an important lesson many people need to learn.

阅读七选五

How Can I Fight Laziness?

Lazy people will never amount to anything in life. However, laziness can be defeated once a few changes have been made in your mind.

1._ Many people lack sleep constantly, since they stay up too late and get up too early to prepare for work. These people have little motivation once they arrive home. Laziness works hand in hand with a lack of motivation and a tendency to put off things. By adjusting your sleep schedule to provide a few more hours of meaningful rest, you can fight laziness throughout the day.

Another way to fight laziness is to change your mind from passive to active. Some people treat their lives as if they were pushed from task to task. Others take a more proactive approach, viewing each task as a challenge they must overcome alone. 2.

Some people fight laziness by removing the temptations (诱惑) that surround them. A television in the living room may provide entertainment, but watching too much TV often contributes to laziness. 3. Complete a few tasks and reward yourself with what you enjoy, such as a good dinner or a film.

Laziness can also be a lasting problem at home. Couples and children may all have different energy levels, but laziness can be spread if not dealt with immediately. 4. Be the first to collect and wash dishes after a meal. Others in the home may eventually follow your example and perform their own task. It is difficult to practice laziness when you are surrounded by motivated people.

5. Enough exercise and a balanced diet can help you to develop a healthy lifestyle, thus enabling you to have more energy and help lift your spirits.

A. Tofightfamilylaziness,setanexample.

B. Knowinghowtofightlazinessisimportant.

C. Onewaytofightlazinessistogetenoughsleep.

D. Finally,takingexerciseregularlycanhelpyoufightlaziness.

E. With strong determination, you will be able to achieve your goal.

F. Laziness sets in when you no longer feel in charge of your own life.

G. Create a reward system for yourself, just as parents do for a child.

完形填空

Whenever Christmas is drawing near, an Iowa radio station has an annual tradition. Listeners send in “wish letters”， and the hosts select some to __________. They've been making Christmas dreams come true for more than 20 years, but they never _________ they would receive a letter from a person who was already dead.

Last week, the hosts of the station invited listener David Schmitz to their _______， but the station didn't tell him who had sent in the _______ for his family. They read the letter to him on the _________：“Hello, my name is Brenda Schmitz. When you receive this letter, I will have already _________ my battle to cancer.”

The big _________ made David's eyes swim in tears.

David heard three wishes from his ________ wife. The first was to his new partner.“Thank you, I love you whoever you are.” And the second: “For my family, a wonderful________， with many scenic spots where they all can enjoy their companionship as a new ________ and make memories that will be with them forever.” ________， she wanted to give a night of food and fun to the hospital ________ that cared for her during her _________ days.

The letter was written by Brenda two months before __________. She prepared it and asked a friend to send it to the station once her husband fell in love _________.

“I began to know Jayne, my present wife, __________. On a cold afternoon, I took my little son, Marx, to the ________ where a group of seagulls were flying over his head. I didn't ________ it until Marx burst into tears, running to Jayne and asking her to be his ________， who was playing there with her two children. Later, she became Marx's new mom and she ________ him as her own son. Brenda will live in our hearts forever.”

1.A.praise B．send C．discuss D．broadcast

2.A.thought B．found C．remembered D．assumed

3.A.office B．hospital C．show D．home

4.A.expectation B．thanks C．wish D．dream

5.A.scene B．occasion C．vacation D．air

6.A.won B．lost C．accepted D．refused

7.A.news B．disaster C．surprise D．enjoyment

8.A.late B．present C．next D．innocent

9.A.trip B．holiday C．concert D．dinner

10.A.relative B．Christmas C．family D．journey

11.A.Clearly B．Lastly C．Surely D．Sincerely

12.A.staff B．doctor C．colleague D．manager

13.A.special B．final C．tough D．busy

14.A.going away B．falling down C．giving up D．passing away

15.A.twice B．again C．ever D．already

16.A.by chance B．by mistake C．by luck D．by choice

17.A.forest B．seaside C．grassland D．mountain

18.A.predict B．imagine C．insist D．realize

19.A.friend B．teacher C．mother D．playmate

20.A.treats B．accepts C．misses D．controls

阅读理解。

College is not just about studying, writing essays and burning the midnight oil in the library. Making friends and enjoying yourself is also necessary for the courses. Parties are social events for students to gather and chat with each other.

Drinking and music College parties in the US are always lacking in creativity and full of wine and music. The basic form rarely changes — drink until you cannot anymore and play loud music at an earth?shaking volume. There is plenty of beer involved, and some mixed cocktails.

Creativity in dress The creativity comes in how parties are dressed up. Parties often have a specific theme, like a 90s party or a sports party. At a 90s party, guests might show up dressed like once?famous celebrities. At a sports party, guests might wear their favorite team's uniforms.

Held in apartments The party is usually held in the apartment of a particular outgoing friend. Everyone will be invited, which means strangers will wander in and out of the apartment where you can get to know and make some new friends.

Ugly sweater party On holidays, parties frequently take on a proper theme. A popular theme around Christmas is the ugly sweater party. The goal is to wear the ugliest sweater you can find, creating an atmosphere of fun.

Whatever the occasion is, there will be no shortage of booze. If you are smart enough, you won't have so much as to lose your consciousness. Parties are always better when you can remember them the next day.

1.This passage introduces ________.

A．what to wear at the US college parties

B．how much to drink at the US college parties

C．how to make friends at the US colleges

D．parties of the US colleges

2.The passage is probably written for ________ in colleges.

A．the freshmen B．the party lovers

C．the graduates D．the excellent students

3.The author attaches importance to ________ at the parties in colleges.

A．creativity arising from inspiration

B．drinking to your heart's content

C．communication combined with fun

D．dressing in a fancy style

4.What does the underlined word “booze” in the last paragraph mean?

A．Juice. B．Alcohol.

C．Food. D．Music.

阅读理解。

Last weekend I visited Rome for the first time. I spent three busy days in the Italian capital, seeing lots of tourist attractions and walking down streets lit with Christmas decorations. There are a lot of things I love about the city.

Rome is one of the most ancient cities in the world and is full of wonderful relics (遗迹) from its distant past. These monuments include the Roman Forum and the vast Coliseum where gladiators used to fight each other until death and hunt animals coming from another country. The ruins of buildings and temples are fascinating: you can't quite believe how old they are.

I studied the masterpieces of the Renaissance period at university and was very excited to see them in real life. I walked around the museum in Vatican City and saw plenty of famous sculptures (雕塑). The best part of the visit was, without doubt, the Sistine Chapel ceiling, painted in the early 16th century by the great Michelangelo. It was so breathtaking that I couldn't tear my eyes away from it.

In Rome, there is a lot of food on offer for tourists but some of it isn't of very good quality. I made an effort to find reliable restaurants to taste the popular meals of the region, like pasta with tomato, onion and bacon. I also love eating ice cream and hot chocolate under the Christmas lights.

Rome has not only lots of luxury boutiques (精品店) but also plenty of shops that were more in my price range! It was a perfect opportunity to go and buy presents for my family and friends. There was also a Christmas market, where I bought a sparkly decoration for the tree.

1.The underlined word “gladiators” in the 2nd paragraph probably means “________”．

A．athletes B．butchers

C．invaders D．fighters

2.The author found the ruins of buildings and temples fascinating because ________.

A．they represent Rome's religion

B．they are relics from Rome's distant past

C．you can't help wondering how old they are

D．they include the Roman Forum and the vast Coliseum

3.What is mainly discussed in the 3rd paragraph?

A．The great museums of Italy.

B．The sculptures in Rome.

C．Art?related activities during the visit.

D．The achievements of the Renaissance period in Italy.

4.When visiting Rome, you should be careful in choosing ________.

A．the attractions B．the food

C．the hotels D．the luxury boutiques

短文改错。

This afternoon I went to see my grandfather by a bus. It was very crowded and I had to stand. Besides me, there was a woman hold a little boy in her arms. In front of her, a young man occupies two seats, pretending to be sleeping. I heard the little boy curious asking his mother, “What's wrong with the uncle？” I had thought if perhaps the woman would blame the man. Beyond her expectations, the woman answered with a smile, “Be quiet. This uncle must very tired because of hard work.” The young man must have heard the word. His face turned red but offered one seat to the woman at once.

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