题目内容

Every year there are hundreds of earthquakes in different parts of the world. In September, 1923, Tokyo and Yokohama were both destroyed by an earthquake and the fires that followed it. They had to be completely rebuilt. One of the most serious earthquakes was in China’s Shanxi province in 1556. It killed almost one million people.

We measure an earthquake’s strength on the Richter Scale. The Richter Scale was introduced in 1935 in Southern California in the USA. It measures earthquakes on a scale of one to ten. Any earthquake measuring five or more is usually serious.

The Earth’s crust(地壳) is made up of rock called plates. As these plates move, they sometimes crash against each other, causing the crust to quake. In cities such as Tokyo, where small quakes happen quite often, many modern buildings are designed to be flexible so when the Earth moves, they move with it.

Earthquakes can also break up gas and oil pipes. This can cause fires to break out, which can do as much damage as the earthquake itself. Another effect of earthquakes is tsunamis. These are huge waves created by earthquakes beneath the sea. They can be many meters high and cause great damage to coastal towns and cities, China, Japan, Russia and the USA have the highest occurrence(发生) of earthquakes in the world.

1.The passage is mainly about       .

A．scientists who study earthquakes

B．the way of measuring earthquakes

C．a usual natural disaster

D．what people should do in the earthquake

2.The earthquake in Shanxi Province       , which in NOT true?

A．happened in 1556

B．killed one million people

C．caused a lot of damage

D．was the only earthquake in China

3.Earthquakes        

A．don’t cause much damage               B．are not serious

C．most possibly happen in Japan              D．happen all over the world

4.According to the passage we know that tsunamis        .

A．can cause earthquakes

B．are caused by earthquakes

C．only happen on land

D．are a way of measuring earthquakes

 

【答案】

1.C

2.D

3.D

4.B

【解析】

试题分析：本文主要讲述的关于大自然中的一种很常见的灾难，地震的具体信息。

1.C 主旨大意题。根据文章第一段内容可知本文主要讲述的关于大自然中的一种很常见的灾难，地震的具体信息。故C正确。

2.D 细节题。根据第一段最后一句One of the most serious earthquakes was in China’s Shanxi province in 1556. It killed almost one million people.说明ABC三项都是正确的，只有D项描述错误。故D正确。

3.D 细节题。根据文章第一句话Every year there are hundreds of earthquakes in different parts of the world.说明D项正确。

4.B 细节题。根据文章倒数第三行These are huge waves created by earthquakes beneath the sea.说明海啸是由海底的地震所导致的，故B正确。

考点：考查科普类短文阅读

点评：本文主要讲述的关于大自然中的一种很常见的灾难，地震的具体信息。此类文章的最大的障碍是词汇以及考生对阅读内容的不熟悉，需要考生在阅读的时候有足够的耐心。要养成在上下文串联中猜测词义的能力，根据上下文中出现的同义词，近义词，反义词，以及词义的解释来理解生词。同时要抓住文章的中心，不要受其他信息的影响。要根据题目及选项以及文章的上下文串联合理的判断推理。

 

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Everyday, 340 million people speak it. One billion people are learning it and it is said that by 2050, half of the world’s population will be using it. What are we talking about? That is the global language—English.
The English language started in Britain in the 5th century. It is a mixed language. It was built up when German. Scandinavian and French invaders settled in England and created a common language for communication.
Today it is the official language of the UK, the USA, Australia, New Zealand, Canada, South Africa and Ireland as well as many islands in the Caribbean. Many other countries and regions use it for politics and business, for example, India. Pakistan, Nigeria and the Philippines. English is also one of the official languages of Hong Kong.
But global advertising and pop music mean that in most countries, you will see or hear some English. Thanks to McDonalds, we all know about “burgers”. “fries” and “milkshakes”. Songs by Madonna, Britney Spears and Celine Dion are in English. We can sing along, even if we do not understand what we are singing!
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Other languages also influence English. Many English words come from French. Words like “café” and expressions like “c'est la vie” (that is life) are all part of the English language. On the other hand, the French language includes English words like "le weekend" and "le camping". German words are also part of English. Words like "kindergarten" come from the German language.
Recently, British people have become interested in “yoga”. But the word comes from an ancient Hindu language in India.
【小题1】The English language has a history of ______.

A．over 2000 yearsB．over 500 years
C．over 1500 yearsD．over 1000 years
【小题2】The underlined expression “thanks to” can be replaced by ______.
A．because ofB．in order toC．as usual D．as if.
【小题3】Which of the following statements is true about the language of English?
A．It has been changing all the time.
B．It has borrowed words from all the other languages.
C．French words are used by the English because dictionaries have French words.
D．Singers and film stars have the greatest influence on language.
【小题4】How many people in the world are using English now?
A．One billion peopleB．340 million
C．almost all the people in the world.
D．not mentioned above, but the number is growing rapidly.
【小题5】 Many countries and regions use it for politics and business except______.
A．the USAB．Nigeria C．the PhilippinesD．Norway


B
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　　　C.contain buildings smaller than those we use
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This is a dangerous world we live in. The numbers of murders goes up every year； people are dying of cancer；more people contract（感染）HIV；more teens are using drugs；etc. You know this because you’ve heard all the statistics on the news. But do you really have an accurate idea what they mean? The numbers are going up, but how do they compare to the growth in population? Are more cases of these diseases being reported because of better testing techniques, or are the diseases more common? The fact is that without knowing the background, statistics mean very little.
This growing trend of reporting only part of the information is becoming dangerous.
For example, several years ago a high school student reported dangers of the chemical known as dihydrogen monoxide. This chemical, found in most cancerous tumors（肿瘤）， is found in the blood of people drunk on alcohol, and causes complete physical and mental dependence for those who take the chemical even once. After reading his report, more than 75% of his Advanced Placement Chemistry class voted to forbid this dangerous chemical! Every one of the above statements is true, yet this chemical is necessary to all life on earth. The students made the mistake because they voted knowing only a few statements and statistics, rather than the chemical’s full background.
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阅读下面短文，并根据短文后的要求答题（请注意问题后的字数要求）。
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In 1968, Nauru became one of the richest countries in the world. Every year the government received millions and millions of dollars for its phosphate.

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1.What might be the author’s purpose in writing the text?

A. To seek help for Nauru’s problems.            B. To give a warning to other countries.

C. To show the importance of money.            D. To tell a heartbreaking story of a war.

2.What was Nauru like before the Europeans came?

A. Rich and powerful.                        B. Modern and open.

C. Peaceful and attractive.               D. Greedy and aggressive.

3.The ecological disaster in Nauru resulted from           .

A. soil pollution                                B. phosphate over mining

C. farming activity                        D. whale hunting

4.Which of the following was a cause of Nauru’s financial problem?

A. Its leaders misused the money.           B. It spent too much repairing the island.

C. Its phosphate mining cost much money.    D. It lost millions of dollars in the civil war.

5.What can we learn about Nauru from the last paragraph?

A. The phosphate mines were destroyed.          B. The leaders will take the experts’ words seriously.

C. The island was abandoned by the Nauruans.     D. The ecological damage is difficult to repair.

 

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