题目内容


Customs are social habits. They have been handed down through generations (代) among groups, social classes, etc. Customs can be described as ways of doing things. They are particularly (特别) strong in social practices on the occasions (场合) of births, marriages and deaths.
In China, these days, some people in cities are learning from Western customs. For example, some brides dress in the long white dress that is usual bridal wear in many Western countries.
Every people (民族) has special customs for New Year. The Han people have many interesting Spring Festival customs. And now, quite a number of people living in the cities have followed the Western customs of sending New Year greeting cards for January 1st.
One interesting custom in China is that mothers wrap (包) up their babies tightly (紧紧的).This is not the custom in Western countries, where babies are usually dressed in loose garments.
【小题1】It is true that customs      .

A．have been formed during a short time
B．have been formed little by little
C．have been quickly formed and changed
D．have never been changed
【小题2】In this passage, the word “garment” is      .
A．a kind of foodB．a bed
C．a sort of clothesD．a room
【小题3】How do the Chinese young people learn from Western countries at their marriages?
A．The brides（新娘）have on the white clothes.
B．Men wear the white coats.
C．Their parents all have attended their marriages.
D．Their marriages are only held in the men’s homes.
【小题4】From this passage we know      .
A．the people all over China spend New Year in the same way
B．people in the villages and cities send New Year greeting cards to each other
C．each people has his special custom for New Year
D．most of Chinese people take Spring Festival seriously
【小题5】The difference about clothing between Chinese and Western babies is that      .
A．Chinese babies are usually dressed in new clothes
B．Chinese mothers are used to dressing their babies in colourful clothes
C．Western babies are dressed in bigger clothes while Chinese babies are usually wrapped
D．Western babies have more clothes than Chinese babies


【小题1】B
【小题2】C
【小题3】A
【小题4】C
【小题5】C

解析

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When former American President Bill Clinton travelled to South Korea to visit President Kim Young Sam,he repeatedly referred to the Korean president’s wife as Mrs.Kim.By mistake, President Clinton’s advisers thought that Koreans have the same naming customs as the Japanese. Clinton had not been told that,in Korea,wives keep their family names.President Kim Young Sam’s wife was named Sohn Myong Suk.Therefore,she should be addressed(称谓) as Mrs.Sohn.
President Clinton arrived in Korea directly after leaving Japan and had not changed his culture gears.His failure to follow Korean customs gave the impression that Korea was not as important to him as Japan.
In addition to Koreans,some Asian husbands and wives do not share the same family names.This practice often puzzles(使困惑) English-speaking teachers when talking with a pupil’s parents.They become puzzled about the student’s correct last name.Placing the family name first is common among a number of Asian cultures.
Mexican naming customs are different as well.When a woman marries,she keeps her family name and adds her husband’s name after the word de(of).This affects(影响) how they fill in forms in the United States.When requested to fill in a middle name,they generally write the father’s family name.But Mexicans are addressed by the family name of the mother.This often causes puzzlement.
Here are a few ways to deal with such difficult situations:don’t always think that a married woman uses her husband’s last name.Remember that in many Asian cultures,the order of first and last names is reversed(颠倒).Ask which name a person would prefer to use.If the name is difficult to pronounce,admit it,and ask the person to help you say it correctly.
【小题1】The story of Bill Clinton is used to______.

A．improve US-Korean relations
B．introduce the topic of the text
C．describe his visit to Korea
D．tell us how to address a person
【小题2】The word “gears” in Paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to______.
A．action plansB．naming customs
C．travel mapsD．thinking patterns
【小题3】When a woman marries in Korea,she______.
A．continues to use her family name
B．uses her husband’s given name
C．shares her husband’s family name
D．adds her husband’s given name to hers
【小题4】To address a married woman properly,you’d better______.
A．use her middle name
B．use her husband’s first name
C．ask her which name she likes
D．change the order of her names

In recent weeks , small groups of young people appeared on downtown sidewalks in Changsha, Beijing and other cities , holding signs with the words "free hugs ,and offered embraces to any passer-by who would care for one. "

Calling themselves " the hug league" ,they said they were inspired an international news story of a similar type and intended to promote human contact in the face of growing alienation(疏远）in urban china.

We Chinese ,contrary to what is shown in our love movies and television shows , rarely run into each other's arms and cry our hearts out .We are raised in a culture of emotional restraint(克制）。We mark our meetings and departures with a wave of hand and  a handshake of light touch . Not so long ago , even young lovers hugging in public places were considered rude.

But that doesn't mean we are immune(免疫的）to the wonderful feeling of human tactility(触感）。I remember my mother was visibly moved when I hold her hand for the first time while walking her across a busy street in the U.S. The circumstance made it more natural .But cultures don't evolve overnight ."It's hard to get rid of the old belief that man and woman shouldn't have any physical contact ,"some explained .In the late 1970s some feared that social dance would lead to sexual (侵扰）.But the awkwardness was overcome as more and more people came to accept dancing with partners who were not their spouses (配偶）as a perfectly normal form of recreation.

In this environment of changing social customs manners , how people act could be the working many factors ,including their personality.Some offer bear hugs to everyone they know while others would shiver at the thought of medical personnel touching them with a stethoscope(听诊器）。The line between proper and improper often shifts(移动）with the sands of circumstances.

Offering hugs to strangers on the street is too radical(激进的）a step to have any meaningful impact on our customs.If anything , the huggers should start with their loved ones.

72.The writer think that __________

A free hug is not acceptable at present

B free hug is a proper custom in china

C offering hugs to strangers is nothing new in China

D man and woman should not have any physical contact

73.According to the passage , free hug_________

A was invented by some Chinese youths

B was introduced from other countries

C was intended to find lovers among the strangers

D was beneficial to a person's emotional health

74.The words "contrary to " in Paragraph 3 mean"_______"

A opposite to    B different from    C similar to     D the same as

75.The writer give the example of the social dance to ______

A prove that we are immune to the feeling of human touch

B indicate that the society is always changing

C show that many western customs are being accepted

D show that cultures don't evolve overnight

 

It is hardly surprising that clothing manufacturers（生产商） follow certain uniform standards for various features of clothes．What seems strange, however, is that the standard adopted for women is the opposite of the one for men．Take a look at the way your clothes button．Men’s clothes tend to button from the right, and women’s form the left．Considering most of the word’s population----men and women----are right-handed, the men’s standard would appear to make more sense for women．So why do women’s clothes button from the left?

       History really seems to matter here．Buttons first appeared only on the clothes of the rich in the 17th century, when rich women were dressed by servants．For the mostly right-handed servants, having women’s shirts button from the left would be easier．On the other hand, having men’s shirts button form the right made sense, too．Most men dressed themselves, and a sword drawn from the left with the right hand would be less likely to get caught in the shirt．

       Today women are seldom dressed by servants, but buttoning form the left is still the standard for them．Is it interesting? Actually, a standard, once set, resists change．At a time when all women’s shirts buttoned form the left, it would have been risky for any single manufacturer to offer women’s shirts that buttoned from the right．After all, women had grown so used to shirts which buttoned from the left and would have to develop new habits and skills to switch．Besides, some women might have found it socially awkward to appear in public wearing shirts that buttoned from the right, since anyone who noticed that would believe they were wearing men’s shirts．

1.What is surprising about the standard of the clothing industry?

       A．It has been followed by the industry for over 400 years．

       B．It is different for men’s clothing and women’s．

       C．It woks better with men than with women．

       D．It fails to consider right-handed people．

2.What do we know about the rich men in the 17th century?

       A．They tended to wear clothes without buttons．

       B．They were interested in the historical matters．

       C．They were mostly dressed by servants．

       D．They drew their swords from the left．

3.Women’s clothes still button from the left today because         ．

       A．adopting men’s style is improper for women

       B．manufacturers should follow standards

       C．customs are hard to change

       D．modern women dress themselves

4.The passage is mainly developed by          ．

       A．analyzing causes                  B．making comparisons

       C．examining differences            D．following the time order

 

 

It is hardly surprising that clothing manufacturers （生产商）follow certain uniform standards for various features（特征）of clothes. What seems strange, however, is that the standard adopted for women is the opposite of the one for men. Take a look at the way your clothes button. Men’s clothes tend to button from the right, and women’s from the left. Considering most of the world’s population---men and women---are right-handed, the men’s standard would appear to make more sense for women. So why do women’s clothes button from the left?

    History really seems to matter here. Button first appeared only on the clothes of the rich in the 17th century, when rich women were dressed by servants. For the mostly right-handed servants, having women’s shirts button from the left would be easier. On the other hand, having men’s shirts button from the right made sense, too. Most men dressed themselves, and a sword drawn from the left with the right hand would be less likely to get caught in the shirt.

    Today women are seldom dressed by servants, but buttoning from the left is still the standard for them. Is it interesting? Actually, a standard, once set, resists change. At a time when all women’s shirts buttoned from the left, it would have been risky for any single manufacture to offer women’s shirts that buttoned the right. After all, women had grown so used to shirts which buttoned from the left and would have to develop new habits and skills to switch. It would be weird for them to button from the right, since anyone who noticed that would believe they were wearing men’s shirts.

1.What is surprising about the standard of the clothing industry?

A. It has been followed by the industry  for over 400 years.

B. It is different for men’s clothing and women’s.

C. It works better with men than with women.

D. It fails to consider right-handed people.

2.What do we know about the rich men in the 17th century?

A. They tended to wear clothes without buttons.

B. They were interested in the historical matters.

C. They were mostly dressed by servants.

D. They drew their swords from the left.

3. Women’s clothes still button from the left today because        .

   A. adopting men’s style is improper for women

   B. manufacturers should follow standards

   C. modern women dress themselves

D. customs are hard to change

4. The passage is mainly developed by        .

A. analyzing cause

   B. making comparisons

   C. examining differences

D. following the time order

 

 

 

Less than one year after France imposed(强加于)a nationwide ban on smoking in most public places, it will, from Jan. 1, 2008, extend the ban to bars, restaurants, hotels, nightclubs - and the most cherished of all: caf†s.

Ireland and Italy show that countries with longstanding smoking traditions may introduce bans fairly smoothly, as they did in 2004 and 2005. In Germany, where regulations vary locally, Berlin will join France on Jan 1. But fierce critics of the new law in France say it all but destroys the caf†'s basic function: to serve as the socioeconomic glue of society.

C†cile Perez, owner of La Fronde, a typical Parisian neighborhood caf† said: "In the morning, street cleaners in bright green uniforms sip coffee next to well-dressed businessmen; at lunch hour, working-class types rub shoulders with those of the latest fashion at the bar, while couples of all ages rub noses over salads; during the after-work rush, there is a steady soundtrack of clinking glasses combined with conversation; the constant, no matter what time of day, is the smoke that drifts through the air in curls and clouds, seemingly unnoticed."

"Our motto in France is: liberty, equality, fraternity," Olivier Seconda, a regular at the caf†, said.

"The caf† is the place that represents that. You're free to smoke, everyone pays the same price for a beer and different kinds of people talk with one another. This new law goes against that."

Seconda expects the ban to be felt even more strongly in small villages far from Paris, where the caf† is often the only means of social activity. "People already miss the space that allows people of all walks of life to share something-even if it is sometimes no more than a few words and the smoke floating between them."

69. In Germany, ______.

    A. caf† smoking will be forbidden from Jan,1, 2008

    B. the tradition of caf† smoking is and will be well-kept

    C. local customs are well respected in terms of smoking

    D. there are different regulation on smoking

70. C†cile Perez mentions the curls and clouds of smoke drifting through the air to ______

    A. describe a friendly atmosphere                         B. show the beauty of his own caf†

    C. support the ban on smoking                               D. remind us of something unnoticed

71. Olivier Seconda implies that ______.

    A. the caf† provides people with enough liberty, equality, and fraternity

    B. people, regardless of their social class, enjoy equal rights in a caf†

    C. the new ban on caf† smoking should be put in effect only in villages

    D. people would not find fun in a caf† without smoking a cigarette

72. The passage is written to _______.

    A. show the writer's personal opinion against a new law

      B. provide information for law-makers to pass a new law

    C. tell why some people are unhappy about smoking ban in caf†s

    D. compare attitudes to a law, held by people from different countries

 

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