第三部分：阅读理解（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
请认真阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Usually,
when your teacher asks a question, there is only one correct answer. But there
is one question that has millions of current answers. That question is “What’s
your name?” Everyone gives a different answer, but everyone is correct.
Have
you ever wondered about people’s names? Where do they come from? What do they
mean?
People’s
first names, or given names, are chosen by their parents. Sometimes the name of
a grandparent or other member of the family is used. Some parents choose the
name of a well-known person. A boy could be named George Washington Smith; a
girl could be named Helen Keller Jones.
Some
people give their children names that mean good things. Clara means “bright”;
Beatrice means “one who gives happiness”; Donald means “world ruler”; Leonard
means “as brave as a lion”.
The
earliest last names, or surnames, were taken from place names. A family with
the name Brook or Brooks probably lived near brook(小溪)；someone
who was called Longstreet probably lived on a long, paved road. The Greenwood
family lived in or near a leafy forest.
Other
early surnames came from people’s occupations. The most common occupational
name is Smith, which means a person who makes things with iron or other metals.
In the past, smiths were very important workers in every town and village. Some
other occupational names are: Carter — a person who owned or drove a cart;
Potter —a person who made pots and pans.
The
ancestors of the Baker family probably baked bread for their neighbors in their
native village. The Carpenter’s great-great-great-grandfather probably built
houses and furniture.
Sometimes
people were known for the color of their hair or skin, or their size, or their
special abilities. When there were two men who were named John in the same
village, the John with the gray hair probably became John Gray. Or the John was
very tall could call himself John Tallman. John Fish was probably an excellent
swimmer and John Lightfoot was probably a fast runner or a good dancer.
Some
family names were made by adding something to the father’s name.
English-speaking people added –s or –son. The Johnsons are descendants of John;
the Roberts family’s ancestor was Robert. Irish and Scottish people added Mac
or Mc or O. Perhaps all of the MacDonnells and the McDonnells and the
O’Donnells are descendants of the same Donnell.
1.
Which of the following aspects do the surnames in the passage NOT cover?
A. Places where people
lived. B. People’s characters.
C. Talents that people possessed.
D. People’s occupations.
2.
According to the passage, the ancestors of the Potter family most probably
_______.
A. owned or drove a
cart B. made things with
metals
C. made kitchen tools or
contains D. built houses and furniture
3.
Suppose and English couple whose ancestors lived near a leafy forest wanted
their new-born son to become a world leader, the baby might be named _______.
A. Beatrice
Smith B. Leonard Carter
C. George
Longstreet D. Donald Greenwood
4.
The underlined word “descendants” in the last paragraph means a person’s _____
A. later
generations B. friends
and relatives
C. colleagues and
partners D. later sponsors
