Question

In modern society there is a great deal of argument about competition．Some value it highly, believing that it is responsible for social progress and prosperity．Others say that competition is bad, that it sets one person against another, that it leads to unfriendly relationship between people．
I have taught many children who held the belief that their self-worth relied on how well they performed at tennis and other skills．For them, playing well and winning are often, life-and-death affairs．In their single-minded pursuit of success, the development of many other human qualities is sadly forgotten．
However, while some seem to be lost in the desire to succeed, others take an opposite attitude．In a culture which values only the winner and pays no attention to the ordinary players, they strongly blame competition．Among the most vocal are youngsters who have suffered under competitive pressures from their parents or society．Teaching these young people, I often observe in them a desire to fail．They seem to seek failure by not trying to win or achieve success．By not trying, they always have an excuse: "I may have lost, but it doesn't matter because I really didn't try．"What is not usually admitted by themselves is the belief that if they had really tried and lost, that would mean a lot．Such a loss would be a measure of their worth． Clearly, this belief is the same as that of the true competitors who try to prove themselves．Both are based on the mistaken belief that one's self-respect relies on how well one performs in comparison with others．Both are afraid of not being valued．Only as this basic and often troublesome fear begins to dissolve （缓解） can we discover a new meaning in competition ．
小题1:What does this passage mainly talk about?

A．Competition helps to set up self-respect．

B．Opinions about competition are different among people．

C．Competition is harmful to personal quality development．

D．Failures are necessary experiences in competition．

小题2:Why do some people favor competition according to the passage?

A．It builds up a sense of duty．

B．It pushes society forward．

C．It improves personal abilities．

D．It encourages individual efforts．

小题3:The underlined phrase "the most vocal" in Paragraph 3 means ____．

A．those who try their best to win

B．those who value competition most highly

C．those who are against competition most strongly

D．those who rely on others most for success

小题4:What is the similar belief of the true competitors and those with a "desire to fail"?

A．One's worth lies in his performance compared with others'．

B．One's success in competition needs great efforts．

C．One's achievement is determined by his particular skills．

D．One's success is based on how hard he has tried．

小题5:Which point of view may the author agree to?

A．Every effort should be paid back．

B．Competition should be encouraged．

C．Winning should be a life-and-death matter．

D．Fear of failure should be removed in competition．

Answer 1

小题1:B
小题2:B
小题3:C
小题4:A
小题5:D

试题分析：文章主要讲述了竞赛不同的人有不同的观点，作者认为应该在比赛中忘却失败的恐惧，真正的意义在于比赛本身的表现。
小题1:主旨题。从文章In modern society there is a great deal of argument about competition．可知关于竞赛不同的人有不同的观点，故选B
小题2:细节题。从文章Some value it highly, believing that it is responsible for social progress and prosperity．可知一些人认为竞赛是好的，因为他们认为竞赛有利于推动社会的进步，故选B
小题3:细节推断题。从In a culture which values only the winner and pays no attention to the ordinary players, they strongly blame competition．Among the most vocal are youngsters who have suffered under competitive pressures from their parents or society．可知是那些特别反对竞赛的人，故选C
小题4:细节题。从Both are based on the mistaken belief that one's self-respect relies on how well one performs in comparison with others 可知他们的价值都存在于他们与别人的竞赛的表现中，故选A
小题5:细节推断题。从Only as this basic and often troublesome fear begins to dissolve （缓解） can we discover a new meaning in competition ．可知作者同意失败的恐惧感应该在比赛中忘掉，故选D
点评：文章重在理解作者的感情基调，从全文来看，作者主要表达了应该在比赛中忘却失败的恐惧，真正的意义在于比赛本身的表现的观点，由此可见对于议论文的文章重在把握作者的感情色彩，答题时不断提醒自己作者在讲什么，作者的是在褒义还是在贬斥，这一点非常重要。