题目内容
2.A team of engineers at Harvard University has been inspired by Nature to create the first robotic fly.The mechanical fly has become a platform for a series of new high-tech integrated systems.Designed to do what a fly does naturally,the tiny machine is the size of a fat housefly.Its mini wings allow it to stay in the air and perform controlled flight tasks."It's extremely important for us to think about this as a whole system and not just the sum of a bunch of individual components (元件),"said Robert Wood,the Harvard engineering professor who has been working on the robotic fly project for over a decade.A few years ago,his team got the go-ahead to start piecing together the components."The added difficulty with a project like this is that actually none of those components are off the shelf and so we have to develop them all on our own,"he said.
They engineered a series of systems to start and drive the robotic fly."The seemingly simple system which just moves the wings has a number of interdependencies on the individual components,each of which individually has to perform well,but then has to be matched well to everything it's connected to,"said Wood.The flight device was built into a set of power,computation,sensing and control systems.Wood says the success of the project proves that the flying robot with these tiny components can be built and manufactured.
While this first robotic flyer is linked to a small,off-board power source,the goal is eventually to equip it with a built-in power source,so that it might someday perform data-gathering work at rescue sites,in farmers'fields or on the battlefield."Basically it should be able to take off,land and fly around,"he said.
Wood says the design offers a new way to study flight mechanics and control at insect-scale.Yet,the power,sensing and computation technologies on board could have much broader applications."You can start thinking about using them to answer open scientific questions,you know,to study biology in ways that would be difficult with the animals,but using these robots instead,"he said."So there are a lot of technologies and open interesting scientific questions that are really what drives us on a day to day basis."
72.The difficulty the team of engineers met with while making the robotic fly was thatC.
A.they had no model in their mindB.they did not have sufficient time
C.they had no ready-made componentsD.they could not assemble the components
73.It can be inferred from paragraphs 3and 4that the robotic flyB.
A.consists of a flight device and a control system
B.can just fly in limited areas at the present time
C.can collect information from many sources
D.has been put into wide application
74.Which of the following can be learned from the passage?
A.The robotic flyer is designed to learn about insects.
B.Animals are not allowed in biological experiments.
C.There used to be few ways to study how insects fly.
D.Wood's design can replace animals in some experiments.
75.Which of the following might be the best title of the passage?
A.Father of Robotic FlyB.Inspiration from Engineering Science
C.Robotic Fly Imitates Real Life InsectD.Harvard Breaks Through in Insect Study.
分析 本文为一篇说明文,主要讲述的是哈佛大学从自然界的昆虫那里得到了灵感,设计开发了第一款机器苍蝇.文章介绍了该项研究存在的困难,研究将要发展的方向和该研究会带来的好处.
解答 72.C 细节理解题.根据第二段最后一句"The added difficulty with a project like this is that…"可知,事实上那些元件没有一件能现货供应的,要理解"be off the shelf"的用法,"they had no ready-made components"就是对本句的同义替换,故选C.
73.B 理判断题.根据文章内容第三段"but then has to be matched well to everything it's connected to,"said Wood.The flight device was built into a set of power,computation,sensing and control systems."故选项A.是片面的,排除;根据第四段"so that it might someday perform data-gathering work at rescue sites,in farmers'fields or on the battlefield."可知选项C.中的"from many sources"应为 from many sites/places,故排除;选项D.的定位在第五段"Yet,the power,sensing and computation technologies on board could have much broader applications."可知,已经大量应用是错误的,故排除.纵观三四两段,尤其是第四段尾句"Basically it should be able to take off,land and fly around,"he said.可推断出只有B正确,故选B.
74.D 推理判断题.文章末段的"to study biology in ways…would be difficult with animals,but using these robots instead"可知,这些机器人可以替代动物,故D项正确.根据第四段"so that it might someday perform data-gathering work at rescue sites,in farmers'fields or on the battlefield."可知A选项错误,故排除.文章最后一段中指出"You can start thinking about using them to answer open scientific questions,you know,to study biology …"he said.,并没有说:不允许拿动物进行生物实验,故排除B选项.根据文章最后一段"Wood says the design offers a new way to study flight mechanics and control at insect-scale."及"So there are a lot of technologies and open interesting scientific questions that are really what drives us on a day-to-day basis."可知,以后会有更多的问题等待我们去探索,但并不是说过去在研究昆虫飞行方面常常方法很少,故C项排除.因此选D.
75.C 主旨大意题.A选项意为"机器人苍蝇之父",文章的主题主要说明"机器人苍蝇",故排除.B选项"来自工程学中的灵感"与文章的主题"机器人苍蝇"关系不大,故排除.D选项"哈福大学在昆虫研究领域的突破",并没有点明主题"机器人苍蝇",故排除.C选项既交待了"Robotic Fly"又讲了与真实生活中昆虫的关系,故选C.
点评 解答细节理解题时,一个常用的方法就是运用定位法,即根据题干和选项中的关键词从原文中找到相关的句子,与选项进行比较从而确定答案;推理判断题既要求学生透过文章表面文字信息推测文章隐含意思,又要求学生对作者的态度、意图及文章细节的发展作正确的推理判断,力求从作者的角度去考虑,不要固守自己的看法或观点.
A. | to be excluded | B. | to exclude | ||
C. | having excluded | D. | having been excluded |
A. | everything | B. | something | C. | anything | D. | nothing |
Percent of total land area covered by forests(2011) WORLD AVERAGE 30.88 TOP 5AVERAGE 90.15 | Freshwater resources,cubic kilometers per year(2011) WORLD AVERAGE 241 TOP 5AVERAGE 3.642 | Freshwater resources,cubic kilometers per person(2011) WORLD AVERAGE 6,122 TOP 5AVERAGE 244,973 |
1.SURINAME 94.58 REST OF TOP 5 2.Micronesia=91.66 3.Seychelles=88.48 4.Samoa=88.40 5.Palau=87.61 123.CHINA 22.47 | 1.BRAZIL 5,418 REST OF TOP 5 2.Russian Federation 4,313 3.Canada 2,850 4.United States 2,818 5.CHINA 2,813 | 1.ICELAND 532,891 REST OF TOP 5 2.Guyana 304,723 3.Suriname 166,112 4.Papua New Guinea 114,216 5.Bhutan 106,923 102.CHINA 2,092 |
A.244,973cubic kilometers B.241cubic kilometers
C.3,642cubic kilometers D.6,122cubic kilometers
47.Which country or region has the most freshwater resources per year?B
A.Guyana B.Brazil C.Iceland D.China
48.Which country or region appears twice on the Top 5 lists?D
A.Bhutan B.Seychelles C.Canada D.Suriname.
A. | now that | B. | even though | C. | no matter how | D. | ever since |