题目内容
2.Wilderness"In wilderness(荒野) is the preservation of the world."This is a famous saying from a writer regarded as one of the fathers of environmentalism.The frequency with which it is borrowed mirrors a heated debate on environmental protection:whether to place wilderness at the heart of what is to be preserved.
As John Sauven of Greenpeace UK points out,there is a strong appeal in images of the wild,the untouched; more than anything else,they speak of the nature that many people value most dearly.The urge to leave the subject of such images untouched is strong,and the danger exploitation(开发) brings to such landscapes(景观) is real.Some of these wildernesses also perform functions that humans need-the rainforests,for example,store carbon in vast quantities.To Mr.Sauven,these"ecosystem services"far outweigh the gains from exploitation.
Lee Lane,a visiting fellow at the Hudson Institute,takes the opposing view.He acknowledges that wildernesses do provide useful services,such as water conservation.But that is not,he argues,a reason to avoid all human presence,or indeed commercial and industrial exploitation.There are ever more people on the Earth,and they reasonably and rightfully want to have better lives,rather than merely struggle for survival.While the ways of using resources have improved,there is still a growing need for raw materials,and some wildernesses contain them in abundance.If they can be tapped without reducing the services those wildernesses provide,the argument goes,there is no further reason not to do so.Being untouched is not,in itself,a characteristic worth valuing above all others.
I look forwards to seeing these views taken further,and to their being challenged by the other participants.One challenge that suggests itself to me is that both cases need to take on the question of spiritual value a little more directly.And there is a practical question as to whether wildernesses can be exploited without harm.
This is a topic that calls for not only free expression of feelings,but also the guidance of reason.What position wilderness should enjoy in the preservation of the world obviously deserves much more serious thinking.
67.John Sauven holds thatB.
A.many people value nature too much
B.exploitation of wildernesses is harmful
C.wildernesses provide humans with necessities
D.the urge to develop the ecosystem services is strong
68.What is the main idea of Para.3?C
A.The exploitation is necessary for the poor people.
B.Wildernesses cannot guarantee better use of raw materials.
C.Useful services of wildernesses are not the reason for no exploitation.
D.All the characteristics concerning the exploitation should be treated equally.
69.What is the author's attitude towards this debate?A
A.Objective. B.Disapproving.
C.Sceptical. D.Optimistic.
70.Which of the following shows the structure of the passage?D
分析 本文是一篇议论文.文章主要针对"荒野是世界的自然保护区"这一话题展开讨论.Mr.Sauven认为荒野应该保持未被触碰的状态,探索荒野是有害的,然而Lee Lane认为荒野中含有丰富的且能改变人们生活的原材料,在不破坏荒野的前提下,人们没有理由不去探索这些荒原.这是一个不只是需要自由表达情感的话题,也是理性的引导,荒野在世界的保护中应该享有什么样的地位,值得我们更认真的思考.
解答 67.B 细节理解题.根据文章第二段内容可知,Mr.Sauven认为荒野应该保持未被触碰的状态,探索荒野是有害的.故答案选B.
68.C 主旨大意题.根据文章第三段内容可知,与Mr.Sauven的观点不同,Lee Lane认为荒野中含有丰富的且能改变人们生活的原材料,在不破坏荒野的前提下,人们没有理由不去探索这些荒原.故答案选C.
69.A 情感态度题.根据文章内容可知,作者在第二、三段分别给出了两种不同的观点,但并没说哪种观点是正确合理的,只是作出一种"objective(客观的)"评价.故答案选A.
70.D 文章结构题.根据文章内容可知,文章第一段即是本文要讨论的中心话题,然后第二、三段分别给出两种不同的观点,最后得出结论,指明这个问题还需要进一步讨论和慎重考虑.故答案选D.
点评 本文是健康环保类阅读.考查学生对细节的理解把握和推理判断能力,做题时一定要找到文章中的原句,和题干进行比较,再做出正确选择.在做推理判断题时不要以个人的主观想象代替文章的事实,要根据文章事实进行合乎逻辑的推理判断.
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69.According to Quick Facts,a humpback whaleB.
A.cannot survive in waters near the shore
B.doesn't live in the same waters all the time
C.lives mainly on underwater plants
D.prefers to work alone when hunting food
70.To make a breach,a humpback whale mustA.
A.use its tail flukes to leap out of the water
B.twist its body sideways to jump high.
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D.communicate with a group of humpbacks.
71.From the passage we can learn that a humpback whaleA.
A.has its unique markings on it tail flukes
B.has black and white fingerprints
C.gets its name from the way it hunts
D.is a great performer due to its songs.
Humpback whales are sometimes called performers of the ocean.This is because they can make impressive movements when they dive.The name"humpback",which is the common name for this whale,refers to the typical curve shape the whale's back forms as it dives. Sometimes the humpback will dive with a fantastic movement,known as a breach.During breaching the whale uses its powerful tail flukes to lift nearly two-thirds of its body out of the water in a giant leap.A breach might also include a sideways twist with fins stretched out like wings,as the whale reaches the height of the breach. A humpback whale breathes air at the surface of the water through two blowholes which are located near the top of the head.It blows a double stream of water that can rise up to 4meters above the water. The humpback has a small dorsal fin located towards the tail flukes about two-thirds of the way down its back.Other distinguishing features include large pectoral fins,which may be up to a third of the body length,and unique black and white spots on the underside of the tail flukes.These markings are like fingerprints:no two are the same. Humpback whales live in large groups.They communicate with each other through complex"songs". | Quick Facts | |
Size: | 14m~18m in length 30~50tons in weight | |
Living | Open ocean and shallow coastline waters | |
Environment: | From warm tropical (热带的) waters,where they breed,to cold polar waters,where they eat. | |
Diet: | Shellfish,plants and fish of small size | |
Hunting: | Sometimes in groups,in which several whales form a circle under the water,blowing bubbles that form a"net"around a school of fish.The fish are then forced up to the surface in a concentrated mass. | |
Current state: | endangered; it is estimated that there are about 5000~7000humpback whales worldwide. |
A.cannot survive in waters near the shore
B.doesn't live in the same waters all the time
C.lives mainly on underwater plants
D.prefers to work alone when hunting food
70.To make a breach,a humpback whale mustA.
A.use its tail flukes to leap out of the water
B.twist its body sideways to jump high.
C.blow two streams of water
D.communicate with a group of humpbacks.
71.From the passage we can learn that a humpback whaleA.
A.has its unique markings on it tail flukes
B.has black and white fingerprints
C.gets its name from the way it hunts
D.is a great performer due to its songs.
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