Polluted airborne particles kill 7 million people a year, reports the World Health Organization.That news may not come as a surprise to anyone who has seen images of chimneys in Beijing, Delhi or Mexi 题目和参考答案——青夏教育精英家教网—

题目内容

Polluted airborne particles(大气悬浮颗粒) kill 7 million people a year, reports the World Health Organization.

That news may not come as a surprise to anyone who has seen images of chimneys in Beijing, Delhi or Mexico. But those factories－or even the jammed roadways of modern cities－are not the biggest killer. Each year, some 4.3 million people die earlier than they should because of polluted air inside their homes, says the WHO.

What's causing the air inside people's homes to be so poisonous that it kills around 11,000 people a day? Stoves. “Having an open fire in your kitchen is like burning 400 cigarettes an hour.” says Kirk Smith, a professor at the University of California at Berkeley, whose research suggests that household air pollution from cooking killed between 3.5 million and 4 million people in 2013.

Not all stoves cause this kind of harm. The ones Smith's talking about are those that the 3 billion people in the developing world use for heat and cooking, which burn solid fuels such as wood, coal, or crop waste instead of gas. The smoke from those fires produces harmful fine particles and carbon monoxide into homes. Poor ventilation then prevents that smoke from escaping, raising fine particle levels 100 times higher than the limits that the WHO considers acceptable.

Breathing this air day in day out eventually causes a lot of diseases: more than a third of the 4.3 million die of a stroke, while a quarter die of heart disease. And around one-third of annual lung disease deaths worldwide are due to waste from coal stoves.

Exposure tends to be extremely harmful for the people who spend the most time around the fire－usually women and young children. In fact, the WHO reports that household air pollution almost doubles the risk for childhood lung disease.

1.According to Kirk Smith's research,________.

A. factories are the biggest killer worldwide nowadays

B. burning 400 cigarettes an hour is extremely dangerous

C. household air pollution from cooking is surprisingly harmful

D. some 4.3 million people die earlier each year than they should

2.What should be the deadly killer in a household kitchen?

A. Solid fuels. B. Coal stoves.

C. Poor gas. D. Cooking smoke.

3. The underlined word “ventilation” in Paragraph 4 probably means ________.

A. airing B. cooking C. burning D. cooling

4.The author intends to tell people ________.

A. how to avoid polluted air in their homes

B. to stop cooking in the household kitchen

C. to guard against household pollution from cooking

D. how to prevent childhood lung diseases in household

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A Good Night's Steep

Sleep plays a vital role in good health and well-being throughout your life.

While you're sleeping, your brain is forming new pathways to help you learn and remember information. Although we all know the importance of getting a good night's sleep, not all of us know the best way of getting it. A sleep expert, Phil Atherton, gave some top tips for getting the most out of the night, which will leave you ready for action in the morning.

According to Phil Atherton, not eating a large meal before bedtime is important for getting a good night's sleep. The time difference between eating and sleeping should be at least three hours. So you'd better avoid eating any food three hours before bed, as it will lower your blood sugar during sleep and help minimize damage from too much sugar floating around.

It's also important to find ways to prepare your body for sleep. You can follow a routine like trying not to expose yourself to too much artificial light within 1 hour before bed, as your brain uses light to help set internal "body clock". Although it might seem unnatural to schedule your sleep, the purpose is to send a signal to your body and mind that it's time to sleep.

Another way to prepare your body for sleep is to get into a relaxed state by taking a bath or listening to soft music. Both of them will help to take the mind off the daytime pressures.

Having a suitable bed, especially a suitable mattress (床垫), is necessary for a good night's sleep. Sleep is a personalized activity, and we all adopt different sleeping positions. Finding the mattress that suits you will reduce back pains that can result from a poor sleeping position. The bed should be four to six inches longer than its tallest user, allowing for space to move

around.

The recent research is pretty clear that a good night's sleep in a major component of good health. Since the start of the 21st century, studies have linked a lack of sleep to many diseases, such as diabetes and obesity. Taking action now will lead to long-term benefits for you and those around you.

1.What does the author intend to tell us in the passage?

A. When to start a sound sleep.

B. How to get a good night's sleep.

C. What to do with sleep problems

D. Why to form a good habit of sleeping.

2. According to the author, before going to sleep, you'd better __________.

A. free yourself from tension

B. check your blood sugar

C. relieve your pain in the back

D. record your biological clock

3. What does the underlined word "it" in Paragraph 2 refer to?

A. Not eating food. B. Taking a meal.

C. Not sleeping well. D. Having a good sleep.

4. Which of the following shows the organization of the passage?

CP: Central Point P: Point Sp: Sub-point (次要点) C: Conclusion

完形填空

阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

Learning is a continuous process of life. We all learn from ___________ thing in life. One of the things that ___________ me recently is what I learned from turtles(龟).

Turtles could teach a vast number of people a lot about reaching goals. ___________ , have you ever watched turtles making their way to a stream? Turtles ___________ where they are going. In other words, they have set a goal. Many people ___________ go through life with no specific goals in mind. They seem to weave(穿行) back and forth because their life direction seems to ___________ in relation to whatever influences them at the time.

Turtles, on the other hand, have a set goal in mind ___________observed by taking the time to watch them. Turtles have only one ___________ . No matter how long it takes them, they will do everything they can to ___________ their objective.

Sure, turtles may be ___________ . But they keep going. Each step they take, no matter how small, keeps them ___________ to their destination. They never ___________ a step or break into a run. The reason is that turtles have a better ___________ of the necessity of taking small steps over and over again to reach final victory.

The ___________ thing about turtles is that they have hard shells. The significance of this shell is to help ___________ themselves from anything that may attack them. And, as turtles taught me, we also need to develop a hard shell ___________ those that would want us to fail.

___________ , turtles told me that the greatest characteristic to ___________ in reaching a goal is perseverance(坚持不懈). No matter what the obstacle is, there is a(n) ___________ around it. No matter how many times one is ___________ by negativity, there is strength in belief.

1.A. unusual B. important C. practical D. different

2.A. impressed B. worried C. disturbed D. excited

3.A. As a consequence B. In other words C. For example D. Above all

4.A. accept B. know C. forget D. search

5.A. unfortunately B. unhappily C. surprisingly D. eventually

6.A. grow B. expand C. follow D. change

7.A. luckily B. hardly C. easily D. deeply

8.A. instruction B. direction C. guide D. position

9.A. reach B. match C. receive D. desert

10.A. smart B. sweet C. shy D. slow

11.A. higher B. closer C. farther D. straighter

12.A. reject B. move C. skip D. meet

13.A. sense B. smell C. taste D. trick

14.A. rest B. last C. extra D. other

15.A. remove B. protect C. prevent D. separate

16.A. beyond B. through C. against D. among

17.A. Gradually B. Finally C. Clearly D. Mostly

18.A. possess B. inform C. include D. apply

19.A. end B. tip C. path D. entrance

20.A. praised B. blamed C. inspires D. stopped

阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。

Mary will never forget the first time she saw him. He suddenly appeared in the class one day, 1. (wear) sun glasses. He walked in as if he 2. (buy) the school. And the word quickly got around that he was from New York City.

For some reason he sat beside Mary. Mary felt 3. (please), because there were many empty seats in the room. But she quickly realized that it wasn’t her, it was probably the fact that she sat in 4. last row.

____5. he thought he could escape attention by sitting at the back, he was wrong. It might have made it a little 6. (hard) for everybody because it meant they had to turn around, but that didn’t stop the kids in the class. Of course whenever they turned to look at him, they had to look at Mary, 7. made her feel like a star.

“Do you need those glasses for medical reasons?” the teacher asked. The new boy_8. (shake) his head. “Then I’d appreciate 9. if you didn’t wear them in the class. I like to look your eyes when I’m speaking to you.” The new boy looked at the teacher for a few seconds and all the other students wondered 10. the boy would do. Then he took them off, gave a big smile and said, “That is cool.”

书面表达

最近，某中学生英文报开设了“After class Activities”的栏目。请你根据以下提示，为该栏目写一篇英文稿件，并鼓励同学们积极参加课外活动。

1.你校开展课外活动的情况；

2.你参加过的课外活动及给你带来的益处；

3.为同学选择课外活动提出建议；

4.为学校开展课外活动提出建议；

注意：

1.词数100左右；

2.文中不得提及人名、校名及地名；

3.稿件的开头已为你写好(不计入总词数)。

After class Activities

Nowadays，after class activities are becoming more and more popular in high schools.

________________________________________________________________________

假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。今年寒假你参加了学校组织的赴美游学活动。请给接待你的史密斯夫妇写一封感谢信，内容包括：

1. 感谢对你的照顾；

2. 感谢带你体验西方文化；

3. 邀请他们来中国游玩。

注意：1. 词数不少于50；

2. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。

Dear Mr. and Mrs. Smith,

_____________________________________________________________________

Yours,

Li Hua

About 10 million dolphins are said ________ in the past 15 years.

A. to have killed B. to kill

C. to have been killed D. to be killed

阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。

More than half of all Chinese have a smartphone. They reach for it the moment they wake up, keeping it in hand all day. At 1. (party), more people are on their smartphones than on their drinks. In addition, too many people are using smartphones while 2. (drive). And as a result, many car accidents happen every day on the road. Drivers confirm that text messaging is their number one driving interruption. Smartphones are unbelievably becoming more important than the lives of 3. (them) and others. As many.people take risks just 4. (send)a text or check their messages, smartphones are 5. many ways very dangerous to people.

The smartphone 6. (affect) our desire to communicate face to face with others. Besides, it is lowering people's competence to communicate. In many cases, some people check or send text messages in the presence of a friend , 7. means that the person they are texting is more important. Most 8. (serious), relying on smartphones to make friends does not give us 9. same advantage as making new friends in the real world. Face-to-face conversations will give us much 10. (strong) communication skills in the long run.

语法填空

阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容或括号内单词的正确形式。

Many years ago there was such a child with the name Hokey ___1.___ father brought home a mirror. Hokey had never seen one before so when he saw it for_2.__ first time, he didn’t understand _3.___ it was, but he saw another boy in the mirror, which made him very happy, for he thought the boy had come to play with him. He spoke to the stranger in a very friendly way, but received no reply. He laughed and waved at the boy, who did ___4.__ (exact) the same thing. Then he thought, “I’ll go closer. It may be because he doesn’t hear me.” But when he began to talk, the other boy imitated him.

Hokey stopped___5.___(think) about these strange actions, saying to himself.，“This boy is fooling me. He does everything that I do.” The more he thought about it, the ___6.__(angry)he became and soon he noticed the boy became very angry too. So Hokey _7.___(strike) the boy in the glass, but he only hurt his own hand and went__8.__(cry) to his father, who said, “The boy you saw was ____9.___ image. This should teach you an important lesson, my son. You should never show your anger to others. Now remember that in real life when you strike__10.___ cause you will hurt yourself most of all..

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