题目内容

16.TOEFL,short for Test of English as a Foreign Language,is a standardized test of English.The TOEFL test is an important step of your journey (61)to study(study)in an English-speaking country.
The TOEFL test(62)measures(measure)your ability to use and understand at the university level.And it evaluates (63)howwell you combine your listening,reading,speaking and writing (64)skills(skill)to perform academic tasks.
More than 30million people from all over the world have taken the TOEFL test to show (65)theirEnglish-language competence.The TOEFL test has(66)more(many)test dates and locations than any other English-language test in the world.You can retake the test many times as you wish,(67)but you cannot take it more than once in a 12-day period.
The TOEFL test is the most (68)widely(wide)respected English-1anguage test in the world,(69)recognized(organize)by more than 9,000colleges,universities and agencies in more than 130countries,(70)including (include)Australia,Canada,the U.K.and the United States.Wherever you want to study,the TOEFL test can help you get there.

分析 短文讲述了在当今TOEFL考试非常流行,它是去一个英语国家学习的重要的一步,TOEFL考试能够衡量一个人大学英语的理解运用能力,评价一个人的英语听说读写能力.TOEFL考试是世界上最受重视的英语语言考试,在130多个国家的9000所大学和机构都可以组织这个考试.如果你想去一个英语国家去学习,TOEFL考试对你是很有帮助的.

解答 答案:
61.to study;考查动词不定时,这里用不定式作定语修饰 an important step of your journey. 
62.measures;考查动词,这篇短文的基本时态是一般现在时,这句的主语是 The TOEFL test,单数形式,所以谓语动词要用第三人称单数. 
63.how;考查疑问词,结合上下文语境,这里应该用how与后面的well连在一起表示程度.    
64.skills;考查名词的复数形式,根据句意是"听说读写"四种技能,所以要用复数形式.        
65.their;考查物主代词,前面句子的主语是More than 30million people,为复数形式,所以后面的物主代词应该用their.
66.more;考查比较级,句子中后面有 than,这里用more与后面的 than构成比较级结构.    
67.but;考查连词,句子的前半部分有 can,后半部分是cannot,可以得知这里应为转折关系,所以填but.      
68.widely;考查副词,这里用副词修饰后面的形容词 respected.  
69.recognized;考查动词的语态,根据句意,动词 organize 与9,000colleges,universities and agencies 是被动关系,所以用过去分词.
70.including;考查分词作状语,动词的分词作状语时,现在分词表主动,过去分词表被动;短文中include与Australia,Canada,the U.K.and the United States,是主动关系,所以用现在分词.

点评 在做语法填空题时要先通读全文,理解短文的基本大意,然后分析文中的每一个空格,从词性,词义,搭配结构等方面考虑,确定正确答案;然后再读短文,核对答案.

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11.Want to add some hours to your day?Ok,you probably can't change the fabric of time.But a new study suggests that the way you feel about your goal can change your concept of time and that some simple strategies could make you feel less rushed.
In a series of experiments,Jordan Etkin,a professor of marketing at Duke,and her co-authors,Loannis Evangelidis and Jennifer Aaker,looked at what happens when people see their goals as conflicting with one another.In one,they asked some participants to list two of their goals that they felt were in conflict,and others simply to list two of their goals.Those who were forced to think about conflicting aims felt more time pressure than those who weren't.In another experiment,the researchers gave participants a similar prompt regarding goal conflict,but this time measured their anxiety levels as well as their attitudes toward time.They found that participants who thought about conflicting goals had more anxiety than those who didn't,and that this,in turn,led to feelings of being short on time.
"Stress and anxiety and time pressure are closely linked concepts,"D.Etkin explained."When we feel more stress and anxiety in relation to our personal goals,that manifests as a sense of having less time."
Technological advances that allow people to do lots of things at once may increase the feeling of goal conflict,she said.
"I think the easier it is for us to try to deal with a lot of these things at the same time,"
She  said"the more opportunity there is for us to feel this conflict between our goals."
She isn't the first to suggest that actual busyness isn't the only thing that can make us Feel busy  At the Atlantic,Derek Thompson wrote that"as a country,we're working less than we did in the 1960s and 1980s."He offered a number of possible reasons some Americans still feel so overworked,including"the fluidness ffl±) of work and leisure."As he put it:
"The idea that work begins and ends at the office is wrong.On the one hand,flexibility is nice,On the other,mixing work and leisure together creates an always-on expectation that makes it hard for white-collar workers to escape the shadow of work responsibilities."
And Brigid Schulte writes in her 2014 book Overwhelmed:How to Work,Love,and Play When No One Has the Time that some researchers believe"time has no sharp edges.What often matters more than the activity we're doing at a moment in time,they have found,is how we feel about it.Our concept of time is indeed,our reality."
Fortunately,Dr.Etkin and her team did find ways of making us feel better about time-or,at least,of reducing the negative influence of goal conflict.When participants performed a breathing exercise that reduced their anxiety,the impact of such conflict o n their perception of time was less pronounced.Reframing anxiety as excitement (by reading the phrase"I am excited!"aloud several times) had a similar effect.
Breathing and reframing may not solve everyone's time problems-Ms.Schulte writes that some Americans are indeed working more than they used to.She cites the work of the sociologists Michael Hout and C aroline Hanley,who have"found that working parents combined put in 13 more hours a week on the job in 2000 than they did in 1970.That's 676 hours of additionally paid work a year for a family.And that's on top of all the unpaid hours spent caring for children and keeping the house together."Sometimes,we may feel short on time because we actually are.However,Dr.Etkin believes her findings suggest we may"have the ability to influence our experience of time more than we think we do."
"We're all going to have times in our lives when our goals seem to be in more conflict than others,"she said.But with techniques like the ones her team tested,"we really can help ourselves feel like we have more time."
58.What makes people feel rushed today?A
A.Goal conflict.B.High pressure.C.Too much expectation.D.Lack of exercise.
59.Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?D
A.Most people are having less work to do nowadays.
B.People under a lot of stress have a better sense of time.
C.Technological advances allow people to feel less stressed.
D.The flexibility of work increases white-collar workers'pressure.
60.The underlined sentence"Our concept of time is,indeed,our reality."meansC
A.we should make full use of time
B.we value time more than the way we live
C.we can feel better about time if we want to
D.we don't have the time to enjoy life in reality.
11.根据短文内容,从下框的A-F选项中选出能概括每一段主题的最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑.选项中有一项为多余选项.

A.Try your best to get rid of shyness
B.Think of some conversation starters
C.Give yourself a chance to communicate
D.Start conversations with familiar people
E.Develop your confidence
F.Practise what to say in advance
61.D
Some people want to feel less shy so that they can have more fun socializing and being them-selves around others. Practise social behaviors like eye contact,confident body language,introductions,small talk,asking questions,and invitations with the people you feel most comfortable around.Then branch out to do this with new friends and strangers,too.
62.B
Often the hardest part of talking to someone new is getting started.Think of some topics,like
introducing yourself"Hi,I'm Chris.We are in the same English class",giving a comment"That jacket looks great on you",or asking a question"Do you know when our report is due?"Being ready with a conversation starter or a few makes it easier to approach someone else.
63.
When you're ready to try something you've been avoiding because of shyness-like a phone call or a conversation,write down what you want to say beforehand.Read it loudly,maybe even in front of the mirror.Then just do it.Don't worry about if it's not exactly like you practiced or if it's not perfect.Be proud that you gave it a go.Next time,it'll be even better because it will be easier.
64.C
Find group activities where you can be with people who share your interests.Give yourself an opportunity to practise socializing with these new people,and get to know them slowly.People who are shy often worry about failing or how others will judge them.Worries and feelings like these can keep you away from others.
65.E
Because shy people can be overly concerned with other people's reactions,they don't want to rock the boat.That doesn't mean they're cautious.But it can mean they are less likely to be confident.Being confident means speaking up for yourself when you should,asking what you want or need,or telling other people when they're stepping on your toes.
9.In colleges around the country,most students are also workers.
The reality of college can be pretty different from the images presented in movies and television.Instead of the students who wake up late,party all the time,and study only before exams,many colleges are full of students with pressing schedules of not just classes and activities,but real jobs,too.
This isn't a temporary phenomenon.The share of working students has been on the rise since the 1970s,and one-fifth of students work yearround.About one-quarter of those who work while attending school have both a full-courseload and a full-time job.The arrangement can help pay for tuition (学费) and living costs,obviously.And there's value in it beyond the direct cause:such jobs can also be critical for developing important professional and social skills that make it easier to land a job after graduation.With many employers looking for students with already-developed skill sets,on-the-job training while in college can be the best way to ensure a job later on.
But it's not all upside.Even full-time work may not completely cover the cost of tuition and living expenses.The study notes that if a student worked a full-time job at the federal minimum wage,they would earn just over 15,000each year,certainly not enough to pay for tuition,room,and board at many colleges without some serious financial aid.That means that though they're sacrificing time away from the classroom,many working students will still graduate with at least some debt.And working fulltime can reduce the chance that students will graduate at all,by cutting into the time available for studying and attending classes.
There is little reward for attending but not finishing college.Students who wind up leaving school because of difficulty in managing work and class are likely to find themselves stuck in some of the same jobs they might have gotten if they hadn't gone at all.The difficulty of working too much while in school can create a cycle that pushes students further into debt without receiving any of the financial or career benefits.
63.According to the passage,the reality of college students is thatD.
A.they throw parties a lot
B.they stay up late every night
C.they pay no attention to exams
D.they work besides attending classes
64.What is the indirect cause of an increasing number of working students?C
A.The need of developing social networks.
B.The lack of summer jobs for young adults.
C.The chance of finding a job after graduation.
D.The expenses of high tuition and living costs.
65.We can learn from the passage thatD.
A.working students are more likely to finish college
B.students can cover their college expenses through working
C.students receive a huge reward for managing work and class
D.dropping out of college may not help students get career benefits
66.What is the best title for the passage?B
A.The Difficulties of Landing a Job
B.The Struggle of Work-School Balance
C.The Reward of Working While Studying
D.The Images of Working College Students.

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