Question

Every day on the road, accidents are caused. They do not only happen. The reason may be easy to see: an overloaded tray, a shelf out of reach, a patch of ice on the road. But more often than not there is a chain of events leading up to the misfortune-frustration, tiredness or just bad temper-that show what the accident really is, a sort of attack on oneself.

Road accidents, for example, happen frequently after a family quarrel, and we all know people who are accident-prone, so often at odds with themselves and the world that they seem to cause accidents for themselves and others.

By definition, an accident is something you cannot predict or avoid, and the idea which used to be current, that the majority of road accidents are caused by a minority of criminally careless drivers, is not supported by insurance statistics. These show that most accidents involve ordinary motorists in a moment of carelessness or thoughtlessness.

It is not always clear, either, what sort of conditions make people more likely to have an accident. For instance, the law requires all factories to take safety actions and most companies have safety committees to make sure the regulations are observed, but still, every day in Britain, some fifty thousand men and women are absent from work due to an accident. These accidents are largely the result of human error or misjudgment-noise and fatigue, boredom or worry are possible factors which contribute to this. Doctors who work in factories have found that those who drink too much, usually people who have a high anxiety level, run three times the normal risk of accidents at work.

1.This passage might be written to         .

A．college students                        B．drivers

C．ordinary citizens                        D．businessmen

2.“Accident-prone” in Paragraph 2 means          .

A．likely to have accidents                   B．injured in accidents

C．likely to die in accidents                  D．responsible for road accidents

3.The passage suggests that           .

A．accidents mostly result from slippery roads

B．accidents are usually caused by psychological factors

C．doctors run three times the normal risk of accidents in factories

D．about 50,000 people lost their lives at work in Britain every day

4.Which of the following is NOT discussed as a factor of accidents in this passage?

A．Mood            B．Carelessness       C．Tiredness         D．Weather

5.What do you think would be the best title for the passage?

A．Accidents and Human                    B．Why accidents happen

C．Human Factors in Accidents               D．How to Prevent Accidents

 

Answer 1

【答案】

1.C

2.A

3.B

4.D

5.C

【解析】

试题分析：本文主要是主要是从人的角度出发分析导致事故的原因。

1.C 推理题。根据第三段前三行By definition, an accident is something you cannot predict or avoid, and the idea which used to be current, that the majority of road accidents are caused by a minority of criminally careless drivers, is not supported by insurance statistics.这里的you就是指普通的居民，故C正确。

2.A 推理题。根据本句Road accidents, for example, happen frequently after a family quarrel, and we all know people who are accident-prone,说明在家里吵架以后情绪有波动的人是很容易在开车的时候出事故的，故该词指A有可能出事故。故A正确。

3.B 推理题。根据文章第三段最后一句话These show that most accidents involve ordinary motorists in a moment of carelessness or thoughtlessness.说明大部分的车祸都是由于粗心和思维不集中引起的，故都是精神方面的问题。故B正确。

4.D 细节题。根据前三段的Road accidents, for example, happen frequently after a family quarrel, and we all know people who are accident-prone, 和These show that most accidents involve ordinary motorists in a moment of carelessness or thoughtlessness.

和But more often than not there is a chain of events leading up to the misfortune-frustration, tiredness 说明ABC三项都是事故的可能的原因，故D项正确。

5.C 主旨大意题。本文主要分析的就是导致事故的原因，主要是从人的角度出发的，故Ｃ项正确。

考点：考查新闻报告类短文阅读

点评：本文属于新闻报告类短文，考查的推理题较多，推断题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事例给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点。