When an ant dies, other ants take it out of the nest, often within an hour after its death. This behavior interests scientists and they wonder how ants know for sure-and so soon-that another ant is de 题目和参考答案——青夏教育精英家教网—

题目内容

When an ant dies, other ants take it out of the nest, often within an hour after its death. This behavior interests scientists and they wonder how ants know for sure—and so soon—that another ant is dead.
One scientist recently came up with a way to explain this ant behavior. Dong-Hwan Choe is a biologist, a scientist who studies animals and plants. He found that ants have a chemical on the outside of their bodies that signals to other ants, “I'm dead—take me away” when it is dead.
But there's a question to answer: As we know, if an ant is dead, it stops moving. But when an ant is sleeping or knocked unconscious, it is also not moving. However, other ants don't move the living ant out of the nest. How do they know this ant is not dead? Choe found that ants have another chemical on their bodies, which tells nearby ants something like, “Wait—I'm not dead yet” when it is not dead. Choe suspects that when an ant dies, the chemical that says, “Wait I'm not dead yet” quickly goes away. When other ants detect the “dead” chemical without the “not dead yet” chemical, they move away the body.
To test his theory , Choe and his team put different chemicals on ants. When the scientists used the “I'm dead” chemical, other ants quickly moved the treated ant away. When the scientists used the “Wait—I'm not dead yet” chemical, other ants left the treated ant alone. Choe believes this behavior shows that the “not dead yet” chemical overrides the “dead” chemical when picked up by other ants. And that when an ant dies, the “not dead yet” chemical fades away. Other nearby ants then detect the remaining “dead” chemical and remove the body from the nest.
Understanding this behavior can help scientists figure out how to stop ants from invading new places and causing problems.
【小题1】What is the function of the first paragraph?

A．Leading the following paragraphs.

B．Showing the main idea of the passage.

C．Introducing the background of the passage.

D．Giving a summary of the passage.

【小题2】Which of the following has the closest meaning to the underlined word “overrides” in the fourth paragraph?

A．is weaker than

B．is stronger than

C．is better than

D．is worse than

【小题3】What can we learn from the passage?

A．Living ants can also be taken away when they are not moving.

B．When an ant dies, it can tell others using a certain chemical.

C．A living ant can pretend to be dead using a special chemical.

D．Ants often use chemicals to communicate with each other.

【小题4】Which of the following descriptions about Dong-Hwan Choe is right?

A．Choe did this study in order to stop ants from invading new places.

B．Choe is a biologist who is only interested in animals, especially in ants.

C．Choe first came up with an idea to explain this ant behavior，and then did some tests to prove his theory.

D．Choe did the research on this ant behavior on his own

【小题5】What is mainly discussed in the passage?

A．How to decide whether an ant is dead or not.

B．Why ants have special chemicals on their bodies.

C．reasons for the removable behavior of ants.

D．How ants manage to keep their nests clean.

【小题1】A
【小题2】B
【小题3】B
【小题4】C
【小题5】C

解析试题分析：本文主要解释的是为什么蚂蚁死了以后，别的蚂蚁很快就发现这些死了的蚂蚁，很快就把它们的尸体搬走。解释了具体的原因，并进行了证明。
【小题1】A 推理题。文章中用第一段来引起读者的注意，让他们有继续向下阅读的欲望。目的在于引起下文。故A正确。
【小题2】B 推理题。根据文章最后一段3，4,5,6行When the scientists used the “Wait—I'm not dead yet” chemical, other ants left the treated ant alone. Choe believes this behavior shows that the “not dead yet” chemical overrides the “dead” chemical when picked up by other ants.可知在“Wait—I'm not dead yet” chemical比the “dead” chemical更浓烈的时候，蚂蚁们就不会把尸体搬走。故改词是指B项的意思。
【小题3】B 细节题。根据文章第二段最后一句He found that ants have a chemical on the outside of their bodies that signals to other ants, “I'm dead—take me away” when it is dead.可知蚂蚁在死亡以后用一种化学物质来告诉别的蚂蚁他已经死了。故B正确。
【小题4】C 推理题。根据文章3,4段内容可知，在第三段中，他先提出一个假设的观点，在第4段中用实验来证明自己的想法的准确性。这正是他追求真相的方法，故C正确。
【小题5】C 主旨大意题。本文主要解释的是为什么蚂蚁死了以后，别的蚂蚁很快就发现这些死了的蚂蚁，很快就把它们的尸体搬走。解释了具体的原因，并进行了证明。故C正确。
考点：考察科普类短文阅读
点评：本文主要解释的是为什么蚂蚁死了以后，别的蚂蚁很快就发现这些死了的蚂蚁，很快就把它们的尸体搬走。解释了具体的原因，并进行了证明。本文主要考查推理题。在解题时要立足已知，推断未知。立足现在，猜测未来。不能主观臆想，凭空想象，随意揣测，更不能以自己的观点代替作者的观点;要把握句、段之间的逻辑关系，了解语篇的结构。要体会文章的基调，揣摸作者的态度，摸准逻辑发展的方向，悟出作者的弦外之音。

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Once in a blue moon there is one on New Year's Eve. Revelers ringing in 2010 will be treated to a so-called blue moon. According to popular definition, a blue moon is the second full moon in a month. But don't 1 it to be blue - the name has nothing to 2 the color of our closest celestial（天体） neighbor.

A full moon 3 on December 2. It will appear again on Thursday in time for the New Year's countdown.

"If you're in Times Square, you'll see the 4 moon right above you. It's going to be that brilliant," said Jack Horkheimer, director emeritus of the Miami Space Transit Planetarium and host of a weekly astronomy TV show.

The New Year's Eve blue moon will be 5 in the United States, Canada, Europe, South America and Africa. For partygoers in Australia and Asia, the full moon does not show up 6 New Year's Day, making January a blue moon month for them.

However, the Eastern Hemisphere can celebrate with a partial lunar eclipse（月蚀） on New Year's Eve when 7 of the moon enters the Earth's shadow. The 8 will not be visible in the Americas.

A full moon occurs 9 29.5 days, and most years have 12. 10 , an extra full moon in a month - a blue moon - occurs every 2.5 years. The 11 time there was a lunar double take was in May 2007. New Year's Eve blue moons are rarer, occurring every 19 years. The last time was in 1990; the next one won't 12 again until 2028.

Blue moons have no astronomical 13 , said Greg Laughlin, an astronomer at the University of California, Santa Cruz.

"`Blue moon' is just a 14 in the same sense as a `hunter's moon' or a `harvest moon,'" Laughlin said in an e-mail.

The popular definition of blue moon 15 after a writer for Sky & Telescope magazine in 1946 misunderstood the Maine Farmer's Calendar and marked a blue moon as the second full moon in a month. In fact, the calendar 16 a blue moon as the third full moon in a season with four full moons, not the usual three.

Though Sky & Telescope corrected the 17 decades later, the definition caught on. For purists（语言纯正癖者）, however, this New Year's Eve full moon doesn't even qualify as a 18 moon. It's just the first full moon of the winter season.

In a tongue-in-cheek essay 19 on the magazine's Web site this week, senior contributing editor Kelly Beatty wrote: "If skies are clear when I'm 20 celebrating, I'll take a peek（眯着眼睛看） at that brilliant orb（天体） as it rises over the Boston skyline to see if it's an icy shade of blue. Or maybe I'll just howl."

( ) 1. A. wish B. wait C. hope D. expect

( ) 2. A. deal with B. do with C. develop with D. form into

( ) 3. A. occurred B. came C. ran D. went

( ) 4. A. full B. half C. bright D. part

( ) 5. A. out of sight B. visible C. big D. clear

( ) 6. A. until B. when C. before D. since

( ) 7. A. part B. all C. any D. none

( ) 8. A. moon B. eclipse C. sun D. shadow

( ) 9. A. each B. every C. either D. all

( ) 10. A. On the whole B. Generally speaking C. On average D. In addition

( ) 11. A. last B. next C. other D. another

( ) 12. A. go B. see C. come D. look

( ) 13. A. point B. evident C. theory D. significance

( ) 14. A. name B. object C. phenomenon D. tradition

( ) 15. A. created B. came about C. made D. copied

( ) 16. A. named B. called C. introduced D. defined

( ) 17. A. error B. name C. reality D. number

( ) 18. A. blue B. red C. yellow D. grey

( ) 19. A. published B. posted C. printed D. written

( ) 20. A. in B. out C. away D. on

A full moon 3 on December 2. It will appear again on Thursday in time for the New Year's countdown.

However, the Eastern Hemisphere can celebrate with a partial lunar eclipse（月蚀） on New Year's Eve when 7 of the moon enters the Earth's shadow. The 8 will not be visible in the Americas.

Blue moons have no astronomical 13 , said Greg Laughlin, an astronomer at the University of California, Santa Cruz.

"`Blue moon' is just a 14 in the same sense as a `hunter's moon' or a `harvest moon,'" Laughlin said in an e-mail.

( ) 1. A. wish B. wait C. hope D. expect

( ) 2. A. deal with B. do with C. develop with D. form into

( ) 3. A. occurred B. came C. ran D. went

( ) 4. A. full B. half C. bright D. part

( ) 5. A. out of sight B. visible C. big D. clear

( ) 6. A. until B. when C. before D. since

( ) 7. A. part B. all C. any D. none

( ) 8. A. moon B. eclipse C. sun D. shadow

( ) 9. A. each B. every C. either D. all

( ) 10. A. On the whole B. Generally speaking C. On average D. In addition

( ) 11. A. last B. next C. other D. another

( ) 12. A. go B. see C. come D. look

( ) 13. A. point B. evident C. theory D. significance

( ) 14. A. name B. object C. phenomenon D. tradition

( ) 15. A. created B. came about C. made D. copied

( ) 16. A. named B. called C. introduced D. defined

( ) 17. A. error B. name C. reality D. number

( ) 18. A. blue B. red C. yellow D. grey

( ) 19. A. published B. posted C. printed D. written

( ) 20. A. in B. out C. away D. on

There are some very good things about open education．This way of teaching allows the students to grow as people, and to develop their own interests in many subjects．Open education allows students to be responsible for their own education, as they are responsible for what they do in life．Some students do badly in traditional classrooms．The open classroom may allow them to enjoy learning. Some students will be happier in an open education school. They will not have to worry about grades or rules．For students who worry about these things a lot, it is a good idea to be in an open classroom．

But many students will not do well in an open classroom．For some students, there are too few rules．These students will do little in school. They will not make good use of open education．Because open education is so different from traditional education, these students may have a problem of getting used to making so many choices．For many students it is important to have some rules in the classroom．They worry about the rules even when there are no rules．Even a few rules will help this kind of students．The last point about open education is that some traditional teachers do not like it. Many teachers do not believe in open education．Teachers who want to have an open classroom may have many problems at their school．

You now know what open education is．Some of its good points and bad points have been explained．You may have your own opinion about open education．The writer thinks that open education is a good idea, but only in theory．In actual fact, it may not work very well in a real class or school. The writer believes that most students, but of course not all students want some structure in their classes．They want and need to have rules．In some cases, they must be made to study some subjects．Many students are pleased to find subjects they have to study interesting．They would not study those subjects if they did not have to．

According to the passage, which of the following is NOT the reason why some students like open education?

A. The open classroom may allow them to enjoy learning．

B. Open education allows students to be responsible for their own future.

C. Open education allows the students to develop their own interests.

D. Open education has fewer rules.

From the passage we can learn that___________.

A. the writer believes that all students don’t want some structure in their classes

B. the writer believes that all students want some structure in their classes

C. nearly all teachers like open education

D. only the students that worry about rules or grades a lot like to be in an open classroom

Some students will do little in an open classroom because _______．

A. there are too few rules

B. they hate activities

C. open education is similar to traditional education

D. they worry about the rules

Which is NOT mentioned according to the passage given?

A. some advantages about open education

B. some disadvantages about open education

C. some students’ feelings in an open education school

D. the writer’s opinion about open education is the same as all the students’

Which of the following can best summarize the passage?

A. Many students like open education．

B. Open education is better than traditional education．

C. Open education is a really complicated idea．

D. Open education is a good idea in practice．

A full moon 3 on December 2. It will appear again on Thursday in time for the New Year's countdown.

However, the Eastern Hemisphere can celebrate with a partial lunar eclipse（月蚀） on New Year's Eve when 7 of the moon enters the Earth's shadow. The 8 will not be visible in the Americas.

Blue moons have no astronomical 13 , said Greg Laughlin, an astronomer at the University of California, Santa Cruz.

"`Blue moon' is just a 14 in the same sense as a `hunter's moon' or a `harvest moon,'" Laughlin said in an e-mail.

( ) 1. A. wish B. wait C. hope D. expect

( ) 2. A. deal with B. do with C. develop with D. form into

( ) 3. A. occurred B. came C. ran D. went

( ) 4. A. full B. half C. bright D. part

( ) 5. A. out of sight B. visible C. big D. clear

( ) 6. A. until B. when C. before D. since

( ) 7. A. part B. all C. any D. none

( ) 8. A. moon B. eclipse C. sun D. shadow

( ) 9. A. each B. every C. either D. all

( ) 10. A. On the whole B. Generally speaking C. On average D. In addition

( ) 11. A. last B. next C. other D. another

( ) 12. A. go B. see C. come D. look

( ) 13. A. point B. evident C. theory D. significance

( ) 14. A. name B. object C. phenomenon D. tradition

( ) 15. A. created B. came about C. made D. copied

( ) 16. A. named B. called C. introduced D. defined

( ) 17. A. error B. name C. reality D. number

( ) 18. A. blue B. red C. yellow D. grey

( ) 19. A. published B. posted C. printed D. written

( ) 20. A. in B. out C. away D. on

As a parent you have the responsibility to help your children understand money. But first you will need to understand your own attitude towards money, and make sure to practise what you teach.
Ask yourself what things that cost money are the most important to you. Also ask yourself what financial goals do you have for yourself and your family this year, in five years, and so on?
Take a minute to write down a list. Below are some ideas to get you started. There’s no right or wrong here. This exercise is just to help you grasp what money means to you so that you can help your children understand your values.
◆ Home
◆ Household expenses
◆ Education
◆ Recreation, entertainment
◆ Savings
◆ Charitable contributions
You can start discussing money when your children are as young as three years old. The best time to teach a child anything is when he or she shows an interest. So he prepared to start talking about money when your child starts asking you to buy candy or toys.
Begin by showing how money is exchanged for items or services. Show your children how money works by allowing them to buy something, such as a toy or a book.
Be open and honest, and explain to your children why they can or cannot have certain items. If you must say no to a child’s request to spend money, you might say, “You have enough toy trucks now.” Or, if the request is for multiple items, “You have a choice to make, between this toy and that one.”
You can start explaining the bigger picture once your children understand the basic function of money. Show an older child how money is used to provide for the whole family.
45. Why should parents understand their own money attitudes first?
A. To help their children earn money.      B. To set an exampel to their children.
C. To help them set financial goals.       D. To help them tell right from wrong.
46. Which of the following is NOT one of the major categories of things that cost money listed in the article?
A. Travel and investments.               B. Household expenses.
C. Education and entertainment.         D. Savings and charitable contributions.
47. Which of the following is NOT a way to teach the children about money?
A. Showing how money is exchanged.
B. Allowing children to buy whatever they like.
C. Explaining the limits involved in using money.
D. Having an open discussion about money.
48. According to the passage, when should parents start teaching a child about money?
A. When the child can understand its basic function.
B. When the child can understand how money is used to provide for the whole family.
C. When the child knows how to support a family.
D. As young as three, or when they start showing an interest.

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