Question

5．下面短文有10处语言错误，请在有错误的地方增加、删除或修改某个单词．
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（^）．并在其下面写出该加的词．
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉，
修改：在错的词下划一横线，在该行右边横线上写出改正后的词．
注意：1．每处错误及其修改均仅限一词．
2．只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分
In 1929，three years after his flight over the North Pole，the American explorer，R．E．Byrd，successful flew over the South Pole for the first time．Therefore，at first，Byrd and his men were able to take great many photographs of the mountains that laid below，they soon ran into serious troubles．At one point，it seemed sure that their plane would crash．It could only get over the mountains if it raised to 10，000 feet．Byrd at once ordered his men to throw away two heavy food sacks．The plane was then able to rise and it cleared the mountains by 400 feet．Byrd then knew that he would be able to reach the South Pole which was 300 miles away，for there was no more mountains at sight．The aircraft was able to fly over the endless white plains without difficult．

Answer 1

分析 本文叙述了美国探险家Byrd在飞越北极三年之后，于1929年又成功地飞越了南极的故事．文章重点讲述了Byrd和他的随从们在飞越南极时，所遭遇的险情；就在飞机眼看要坠毁的时候，是Byrd果断地命令他的随从们扔掉了两个沉重的装食物的袋子，才使得飞机得以脱险．

解答 In 1929，three years after his flight over the North Pole，the American explorer，R．E．Byrd，successful 
                                                                                                                                            successfully
flew over the South Pole for the first time．Therefore，at first，Byrd and his men were able to take∧great 
                                                                 Though                                                                        a
many photographs of  the mountains that laid below，they soon ran into serious troubles．At one point，
                                                             lay                                                     trouble
it seemed sure that their plane would crash．It could only get over the mountains if itraisedto 10，00               certain                                                                                                     rose  
feet．Byrd at once ordered his men to throw away two heavy food sacks．The plane was then able to rise and it cleared the mountains by 400 feet．Byrd then knew that he would be able to reach the South Pole which was 300 miles away，for there was no more mountainsatsight．The aircraft was able to fly over the endless   
                                          were                           in
white plains without difficult．
                               difficulty

1．将successful改为successfully     考查副词的用法      此处用来修饰动词flew，故用副词successfully
2．将Therefore改为Though       考查连词的用法     therefore"因此"，后接结果；though"尽管"，引导让步状语从句；本句的意思是：尽管刚开始，Byrd和他的随从们拍下了下面许多连绵群山的照片，但是不久，他们就遇到了很大的麻烦；故用Though
3．great 前加a       考查固定短语的用法     固定短语a great many"许多"，用来修饰可数名词的复数，此处意为：许多连绵群山的照片；故在great 前加a
4．将laid改为lay     考查动词词义辨析     动词laid是lay的过去式"放"；lay是lie的过去式，"位于"；本句的句意是：位于下面的许多连绵的群山；故用lay
5．将troubles改为trouble    考查固定短语的用法    固定短语run into trouble"遇到麻烦，陷入困境之中"；此处意为：不久，他们就遇到了很大的麻烦；故改为trouble   
6．将sure改为certain       考查形容词的用法    由于在"It is/seems…that结构中只能用certain，不能用sure；意为：毫无疑问…，肯定…；故用certain
7．将raised改为rose     考查动词词义辨析    raised"提高"是及物动词，后面应跟宾语；rose"上升"是不及物动词，其后不跟宾语；由于此处没有宾语；故用rose
8．将was改为were        考查主谓一致       由于There be之后是no more mountains （名词的复数）；而此处讲述的是1929年Byrd飞越南极时的经历，故用一般过去时were
9．将at改为in       考查固定短语的用法     固定短语in sight"在视野内，看得见"；故改为in
10．将difficult改为difficulty    考查名词的用法     此处用于介词之后应使用名词；difficult是形容词；故用名词difficulty

点评 短文改错是集语法知识与语言技能为一体的综合性试题，主要考查学生对词汇、语法和语篇三要素的把握能力．错误类型一般有：缺词、多词和错词．常见的错误有：1 词法错误，主要包括动词、名词、冠词、形容词、副词、代词和介词等词类误用、同义词混淆使用、固定搭配等方面．解答此类试题时，需要正确分析句子成分，熟练掌握各词类的用法以及掌握一些固定搭配等．2 常见句法错误．通常表现为简单句、复合句以及疑问句、祈使句、感叹句和强调句等错误．解答此类试题时，需要掌握各类句子的句式结构及意义用法．3 应在理解文章大意的前提下，进行作答．