题目内容

假如你是李华，你的美国朋友Tom来信：由于过多使用手机，学习和生活受到极大影响，现在父母亲禁止使用，非常苦恼。请回信，帮他找些理由说服父母。

要点如下：

1. 表示同情。

2. 手机对学生的好处：联系父母与朋友；查阅资料；娱乐放松。

3. 你的意见。

注意 ： 1.字数120左右；信的开头已为你写好。

2. 可根据要点适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

Dear Tom,

I’m very sorry to know that you are in trouble now.

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Their cheery song brightens many a winter's day. But robins(知更鸟) are in danger of wearing themselves out by singing too much. Robins are singing all night一 as well as during the day, British-based researchers say.

David Dominoni, of Glasgow University, said that light from street lamps, takeaway signs and homes is affecting the birds' biological clock, leading to them being wide awake when they should be asleep.

Dr Dominoni, who is putting cameras inside nesting boxes to track sleeping patterns, said lack of sleep could put the birds' health at risk. His study shows that when robins are exposed to light at night in the lab, it leads to some genes being active at the wrong time of day. And the more birds are exposed to light, the more active they are at night.

He told people at a conference, "There have been a couple of studies suggesting they are increasing their song output at night and during the day they are still singing. Singing is a costly behaviour and it takes energy. So by increasing their song output, there might be some costs of energy."

And it is not just robins that are being kept awake by artificial light. Blackoiids and seagulls are also being more nocturnal. Dr Dominoni said, "In Glasgow where I live, gulls are a serious problem. I have people coming to me saying `You are the bird expert. Can you help us kill these gulls?'.During the breeding(繁殖)season, between April and June, they are very active at night and very noisy and people can't sleep."

Although Dr Dominoni has only studied light pollution, other research concluded that robins living in noisy cities have started to sing at night to make themselves heard over loud noise.

However, some birds thrive(兴旺)in noisy environments. A study from California Polytechnic University found more hummingbirds in areas with heavy industrial machinery. It is thought that they are capitalizing on their predators(天敌)fleeing to quieter areas.

1.According to Dr Dominoni's study, what causes robins to sing so much?

A. The breeding season.

B. The light in modem.

C. The dangerous environment.

D. The noise from heavy machinery.

2.What is the researchers' concern over the increase of birds' song output?

A. The environment might be polluted.

B. The birds' health might be damaged.

C. The industry cost might be increased

D. The people's hearing might be affected.

3.What does the underlined word "nocturnal" in Paragraph 5 mean?

A. Active at night.

B. Inactive at night.

C. Active during the day.

D. Inactive during the day.

4.Why do some birds thrive in noisy environments?

A. Because there are fewer dangers.

B. Because there is more food to eat.

C. Because there is less light pollution

D. Because there are more places to take shelter.

Kenya is losing an average of 100 of its 2,000 lions each year because of growing human settlements, increasing farming, climate change and diseases，according to the Kenya Wildlife Service (KWS).

“ Lions have a special place in Kenyans’life，” said Paul Udoto，a spokesman for the organization. “ Other than being the symbol of national strength, they are among the Big Five, a main attraction for visitors to Kenya. ”

There were 2,749 lions in Kenya in 2002 and Uieir population dropped to 2,280 by 2004 and to about 2,000 today, according to KWS figures.

“The fall of the lion population is worrying and every effort needs to be made to make sure that Kenya either protects its population of 2, 000 lions at present or increases the numbers to an ecologically acceptable level,” said Mr. Udoto.

“There is no doubt that the numbers are in free fall. I’ d be surprised if they even last as long as 20 years，” said Laurence Frank, project director of Living With Lions, a Kenya-based animal protection organization? i? When I first came here 30 years ago，I would always hear lions roaring across the land at night and see their tracks in the morning. Now that is very rare.

“The reason is simple。As the numbers of people grow and the numbers of cows increase they take up much of the lion’s space. Alongside that there are other ways, including poisoning 9 to kill lions. ”

Animal lovers are making a new strategy to save the animals. Part of the measures will include tracking lions fitted with radio collars in the Amboseli area in southern Kenya, close to the border with Tanzania.

Wildlife officials in Tanzania face similar challenges in protecting their lions, but there is far less human encroachment (侵入）on the animals’ homeland there than in Kenya,

1.What is the main reason of Kenya appreciating lions’ existence?

A. lions are the symbol of the national strength.

B. Lions are among the most endangered animals.

C. Lions are a subject of great concern to Kenyans.

D. Lions are the major appeal for foreign tourists.

2.What does Laurence Frank mean by saying “they even last as long as 20 years ”?

A. It is alarming that the number of lions is declining at a high speed.

B. It is amazing that he has tolerated the decline for such a long time.

C. It is fascinating that many evidences have proven the decline trend,

D.It is surprising that a lion should live as long as twenty years in Kenya.

3.In which aspect does the striking difference between Kenya and Tanzania in lion protection lie?

A.Climate changes.

B.Increasingly fanning.

C.Natural disasters*

D.Outbreaks of epidemics (流行病）.

When people first walked across the Bering Land Bridge thousands of years ago, dogs were by their sides, according to a study published in the journal Science.

Robert Wayne of the University of California, Los Angeles, and Jennifer Leonard of the Smithsonian Institute, used DNA material—some of it unearthed by miners in Alaska—to conclude that today’s domestic dog originated in Asia and accompanied the first humans to the New World about 10,000 to 15,000 years ago. Wayne suggests that man’s best friend may have enabled the tough journey from Asia into North America. “Dogs may have been the reason people made it across the land bridge,” said Wayne. “They can pull things, carry things, defend you from fierce animals, and they’re useful to eat.”

Researchers have agreed that today’s dog is the result of the domestication(驯化) of wolves thousands of years ago. Before this recent study, a common thought about the precise origin of North America’s domestic dog was that Natives domesticated local wolves, the descendents(后代) of which now live with people in Alaska, Canada, and the Lower 48.

Dog remains from a Fairbanks-area gold mine helped the scientists reach their conclusion. Leonard, an evolutionary biologist, collected DNA from 11 bones of ancient dogs that were locked in permafrost(永冻层) until Fairbanks miners uncovered them in the 1920s. The miners donated the preserved bones to the American Museum of Natural History in New York City, where they remained untouched for more than 70 years. After borrowing the bones from the museum, Leonard and her colleagues used radiocarbon techniques to find the age of the Alaska dogs. They found the dogs all lived between the years of 1450 and 1675 A.D., before Vitus Bering and Aleksey Chirikov who were the first known Europeans to view Alaska in 1741. The bones of dogs that wandered the Fairbanks area centuries ago should therefore be the remains of “pure native American dogs,” Leonard said. The DNA of the Fairbanks dogs would also expose whether they were the descendents of wolves from North America.

Along with the Fairbanks samples, the researchers collected DNA from bones of 37 dog specimens(标本) from Mexico, Peru, and Bolivia that existed before the arrival of Columbus. In the case of both the Alaska dogs and the dogs from Latin America, the researchers found that they shared the most genetic material with gray wolves of Europe and Asia. This supports the idea of domestic dogs entering the New World with the first human explorers who wandered east over the land bridge.

Leonard and Wayne’s study suggests that dogs joined the first humans that made the adventure across the Bering Land Bridge to slowly populate the Americas. Wayne thinks the dogs that made the trip must have provided some excellent service to their human companions or they would not have been brought along. “Dogs must have been useful because they were expensive to keep,” Wayne said. “They didn’t feed on mice; they fed on meat, which was a very guarded resource.”

1. The underlined word “remains” is closed in meaning to ______.

A. leftover food B. dead bodies

C. animal waste. D. living environmet

2.According to the study described in Paragraph 4, we can learn that ______.

A. the bones studied were not from dogs brought into North America by Europeans

B. the 11 bones of ancient dogs are not from native American dogs

C. the bones discovered by the gold miners were from North American wolves

D. ancient dogs entered North America between 1450 and 1675 AD

3.What can we know from the passage?

A. Native Americans domesticated local wolves into dogs.

B. Ancient dogs entered North America across the Bering Land Bridge.

C. Latin America’s dogs are different from North America’s in genes.

D. Scientists discovered some ancient dog remains in 1920s.

4.The first humans into the New World brought dogs along with them because ______.

A. dogs fed on mice

B. dogs were easy to keep

C. dogs helped protect their resources

D. dogs could provide excellent service

5.The passage mainly talks about ______.

A. the origin of the North American dogs

B. the DNA study of ancient dogs in America

C. the reasons why early people entered America

D. the difference between Asian and American dogs

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。

Although many Chinese students say that their knowledge of English grammar is good, most would admit that their spoken English is poor. Whenever I speak to a Chinese student, they always say, “My spoken English is poor.” 1. I would like to suggest that there may be some reasons for their problems with spoken English.

First, they fail to find suitable words to express themselves due to a limited vocabulary. 2. However, you can speak with a limited vocabulary, if you choose a positive attitude. Others will follow you as long as you use the words that you know.

3. Sometimes they make mistakes when they are speaking because they are shy and nervous. Yet students should remember that in speaking, your aim is fluency. You want to get your message across, talking to someone in English, as quickly and well as you can.Even though sometimes you may use a wrong word or tense, but it doesn’t matter. 4.

The third reason is that not enough attention is paid to listening. You have one mouth but two ears! All the hearing is necessary for you to start speaking.

Fourth, most Chinese students are reactive rather than proactive(主动的) language learners. Instead of actively seeking out opportunities to improve their spoken English they passively wait for speaking opportunities to come to them and wonder why their English always remains poor. 5.

A. Second, they are afraid of making mistakes.

B. They may try to avoid making similar mistakes next time.

C. However, their spoken English does not have to remain “poor”!

D. Obviously the better answer is to expand their vocabulary.

E. The second reason lies in the reluctance （勉强）of using what has just been learned.

F. If you have this proactive outlook, then you will see English opportunities wherever you go.

G. The person you are speaking to will understand you and make allowances for any mistakes he hears.

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

The greatest contribution to civilization in the century may well be the air-conditioning- and American leads just as amazing is the speed with which this situation came to be. Air-conditioning began to spread in industries as a production aid during World War Ⅱ. Today most Americans need to take air-conditioning for granted to homes, offices, factories, theatres, shops, studios, schools, hotels, and restaurants, and we can see it almost everywhere in today’s America.

But not everybody is aware that high cost and easy comfort are merely two of the effects of the vast cooling of American. In fact, air conditioning has substantially altered the country’s character and customs.

Many of the byproducts are so conspicuous（显而易见的） that they are scarcely noticed. To begin with, air-conditioning transformed the face of America by making possible those glassy, boxy, sealed-in skyscrapers. It has been indispensable, no less, to the functioning of sensitive advanced computers, whose high operating temperatures require that they be constantly cooled. . .

It has, at will, forced families into going back into families with closed doors and shut windows to improve the effects of the air-conditioning, reducing the interactions of neighborhood life. I think there is no need explaining the seriousness of this consequence（后果）. It is really surprising that the public’s often noted withdrawal into self-pursuit and privacy has kept in pace with the historic spread of air-conditioning. Though science has little studied how habitual air-conditioning affects mind and body, some medical experts suggest that, like other technical avoidance of natural changes in climate, air-conditioning may damage the human capacity to adapt to stress. If so, air-conditioning is only like many other greatly useful technical developments that liberate（解放） man from nature by increasing his productivity and power in some way - while indirectly weakening him in others.

1.According to this passage, which of the following played a role in the forming of the unique character of U.S.?

A. Its advanced computerized civilization.

B. Its excessive use of air-conditioning.

C. Its public’s retreating into self-pursuit.

D. Its greatest contribution to human civilization.

2. According to the author, the chief consequence brought about by the wide application of air-conditioning is ____.

A. the loss of human capacity to adapt to changes in climate

B. the reduction of social communications of neighborhood life

C. the active life style of all its users

D. the decreased human production and power

3.The tone of this passage reveals that air-conditioning ____.

A. has little effect on its users

B. has more effect on body than on mind

C. brings only damage to its users

D. does harm as well as good to its users

4.What is the author’s overall attitude towards air-conditioning?

A. Neutral B. Objective C. Critical D. Compromising

完形填空

阅读下面短文，从短文后所给各题的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

Here is some advice on food shopping. Generally speaking, each family spends about one-sixth of its income on food. Because food is expensive, it is important to spend money wisely you shop.

A careful shopper can prepare nourishing (有营养的) and tasty meals inexpensively. Here are some suggestions to help you better.

Buy only the food you need. There are several ways to avoid buying food. First, a shopping list before you go to the store. Then, when you are at the store, your list carefully. , do not go shopping if you are hungry. When you are hungry, foods look very tasty and you want to buy more than you need. , go shopping alone if you can. If you shop with your young children, they often ask you to buy unnecessary food like sweets.

When you have a , choose the least expensive brand (商标) of a product. There are points to remember when you buy canned tomatoes, for example. First, look at the advertisement in the newspaper to see if your supermarket is a “special” on canned tomatoes. this, when you are in the store, you should check the for each pound of tomatoes. Sometimes you save money if you buy the larger size can sometimes, however, you do not. Third, remember that a grade A product or a more expensive product is not necessarily more healthful a grade B or less expensive product. Grade A tomatoes may look better, all canned tomatoes have the same nutrients.

Shoppers seem to have special when they buy fresh fruits and vegetables. There are several things to consider when buying fresh foods. Because fresh foods if they are not used, you have to buy the correct amount for the number of people you are serving. Next, to use fresh foods that are in season because fresh foods are less expensive then. Lastly, choose fruits and vegetables that have a bright, fresh . A good colour is often a that the food has a lot of vitamins.

1.A. after B. when C. since D. until

2.A. shop B. prepare C. learn D. spend

3.A. expensive B. cheap C. tasty D. extra

4.A. make B. write C. take D. bring

5.A. observe B. follow C. mind D. notice

6.A. Therefore B. What’s more C. As a result D. On the contrary

7.A. Besides B. Above all C. In a word D. Finally

8.A. collection B. selection C. possibility D. number

9.A. three B. two C. four D. five

10.A. making B. supplying C. carrying D. offering

11.A. Except B. Besides C. Because of D. In spite of

12.A. price B. quantity C. quality D. size

13.A. to B. also C. than D. above

14.A. and B. but C. also D. for

15.A. choices B. interests C. difficulties D. pleasures

16.A. destroy B. go bad C. dry up D. go wrong

17.A. refuse B. offer C. plan D. expect

18.A. especially B. generally C. completely D. fortunately

19.A. look B. root C. colour D. leaf

20.A. sign B. mark C. scene D. luck

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

Memory, they say, is a matter of practice and exercise. 1. But even if you are successful, there are times when your memory seems to play tricks on you.

2. One morning last week, for example, I got up and found that I had left the front door unlocked all night, yet I clearly remember locking it carefully the night before.

3. Once in a while you remember not doing something, and then find out that you did. One day last month, for example, I was sitting in a barber（理发师）shop waiting for my turn to get a haircut, and suddenly I realized that I had got a haircut two days before at the barber shop across the street from my office.

We always seem to find something funny and amusing（有趣的）in incidents caused by people’s forgetfulness or absent-mindedness. 4. Unfortunately, however, absent-mindedness is not always funny. 5.

A. Stories about absent-minded professors have been told for years, and we never got tired of hearing new ones.

B. Memory “trick” work the other way as well.

C. If you have the wish and really made a conscious（自觉的）effort, then you can quite easily improve your ability to remember things.

D. Generally forgetting things is serious and dangerous.

E. It is necessary to remember the way to protect yourself from memory “tricks”.

F. There are times when “trick” of our memory can cause us great trouble.

G. Sometimes you remember things that really did not happen.

With the situation worsening, the army threatens to_______ if a general election is not to be held as scheduled. So let's _______some serious work.

A. take over, get down to B. take up, come up with

C. take on, come down with D. take apart, live up to

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