阅读理解. If you lose your wallet, how often do you think someone will be kind enough to return it to you, with cash and credit cards? Some people may be greedy, and others are simply too lazy to bother 题目和参考答案——青夏教育精英家教网—

题目内容

阅读理解。

     If you lose your wallet, how often do you think someone will be kind enough to return it to you,
with cash and credit cards?
     Some people may be greedy, and others are simply too lazy to bother with the trip to the post
office to send back a wallet to a stranger. But according to a psychology study by Dr. Richard
Wiseman, there's one thing that'll greatly increase your odds of being reunited with a lost wallet:
a photograph of a cute baby.
In the study, hundreds of wallets were scattered around the streets of Edinburgh, Scotland. The
psychologists wanted to see how many strangers would take the trouble to return them to the
addresses listed on the drivers' licenses inside-but more than that, they wanted to find out what
would make a person more likely to help out a stranger.
     To finish this, they included personal touches in most of the wallets: some included a photo of
a happy elderly couple, some contained a cute puppy, some contained a family portrait, and some
held a photo of a lovely baby. Others had receipts(发票) showing that the wallet's owner had recently
donated to a charity. Some contained no personal details.
     As the psychologists soon discovered, the sight of a smiling baby is enough to warm nearly any
heart: only one in ten of the strangers who retrieved such wallets did not return them. In contrast, the
second most successful image, the puppy, had a 53% return rate. When the wallet included no
photograph, it stood only a one in seven chance of being returned to the owner.
     The success of the baby photograph shows a human compassion for the young that's been passed
down through the ages, according to Dr. Wiseman. "The baby kicked off a caring feeling in people,
which is not surprising from an evolutionary perspective(进化的角度)," he told the Times.
     To ensure our species' survival, scientists think that we must feel empathy and compassion for our
young. Scientists say that this study supports the argument that we won't feel compassion only for our
own babies, but for any that we see-hence, the strong desire a stranger would feel to return a wallet to
the baby's parent.
     On a more basic level, the study also provides a great tip to help ensure that if your wallet is ever
lost, you're more likely to get it back. "If you want to increase the chances of your wallet being
returned if lost, obtain a photograph of the cutest baby you can find and ensure that it is clearly
displayed," said Dr. Wiseman.

1. The main purpose of the psychologists' leaving hundreds of wallets around was to find out________.

A. whether people were as honest as before
B. what made people willing to help strangers
C. what kind of feelings could be caused by a smiling baby
D. how evolution influenced human beings

2. The underlined word "retrieved" in Para. 5 probably means "________".

A. picked up
B. spread out
C. found out
D. looked for

3. Why did people return a wallet with a photograph of a cute baby in it?

A. Because the wallet was not attractive enough to keep.
B. Because the sight of a baby could cause a caring feeling in them.
C. Because they were curious to know the parents of the baby
D. Because the sight of a cute baby reminded them of their own children.

4. If there are 30 lost wallets with a photograph of a cute baby, how many of them will probably
be returned?

A. Only 3.
B. About 15.
C. 20 or so.
D. About 27.

5. We can learn from the last two paragraphs that________.

A. humans usually have compassion for the young
B. the caring feeling in people is gone during evolution
C. scientists believed that people only feel compassion for their own babies
D. a wallet with a cute baby's picture in it cannot be lost

1-5: BABDA

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D. he couldn’t find a pleasant employer
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A. They think it is unfair but necessary due to the large population of China.
B. It does exist in certain regions, but is not so serious.
C. Something must be done to stop it by governments.
D. It is a local problem and isn’t worth much concern.
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A. Discrimination not only exists in companies, but also in governments.
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IV阅读理解 32%

If you are a 30-plus plain Jane, or if you are not a local fresh graduate, get ready for the embarrassment(尴尬) in the job market. And you are just one of the millions to face discrimination（歧视）.

About 85 percent of the 3,424 people covered by a survey in 10 big cities, including Beijing and Shanghai, said discrimination in work and employment（就业） did exist. Also, the survey results given on Friday showed that 58 percent thought the problem to be severe（严重）.

Appearance, height and gender are the most discriminative categories（范畴）, the Beijing Morning Post reported.

Some requirements could be funny. The newspaper said Beijing citizen Zhang Meng, who had more than 10 years’ driving experience, failed to get a job because his possible employers considered his name to be “unlucky”.

“Meng”, they said, literally(字面上)means “rush” in Chinese, which made him more accident prone（倾向）than others.

Employers discriminate against people from certain regions or areas, such as Central China’s Henan Province, because of the bad impression they have about them. Beijing citizens, too, have their share of bad luck because they are generally considered lazy.

Cai Dingjian, a professor from China University of Political Science and Law, who headed the survey, said such requirements, which are not connected with the job itself, violate（侵犯）people’s equal right to look for a career. “It violates basic human rights,” he said to the newspaper.

Cai said governments should pay attention to such discriminations because they exist not only in companies, but are also practiced by them. One example is that civil servants(公务员) are usually required to have a pleasant personality.

Director of the labour law committee under the All China Lawyers Association

Jiang Junlu said the lack of related laws was at the root of all discriminations.

46. Zhang Meng failed to get a job because __________.

A. he had made more mistakes than others

B. he lacked driving experience

C. he was considered to have an unlucky name

D. he couldn’t find a pleasant employer

47. What is people’s response to discrimination in job market?

A. They think it is unfair but necessary due to the large population of China.

B. It does exist in certain regions, but is not so serious.

C. Something must be done to stop it by governments.

D. It is a local problem and isn’t worth much concern.

48. What can be an effective way to fight against discrimination according to the passage?

A. To fine companies which practice discrimination.

B. To make laws related to discrimination.

C. To stop more people moving into cities.

D. To train people those who are poor in skills.

49. Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?

A. Discrimination not only exists in companies, but also in governments.

B. Employers nowadays concern more about appearance, height and gender.

C. People in Beijing will never worry about experiencing discrimination.

D. Requirements connected with the job itself should have been put in the first place.