题目内容
12.Loss of Biodiversity (生物多样性) Affects Human SocietyIf a species of bee disappears forever or a particular plant is extinct,what does it have to do with us humans?Well,according to a team of international scientists,biodiversity is dropping below levels (21)considered (consider) safe for the health and happiness of human societies.
The issue is that everything is inter-connected and ecosystems support our societies (22)because/as/since they provide us with,for example,food,fibres and fuels.If species go on disappearing,this can disturb many vital processes (23)like crop pollination (授粉) and the decomposition (分解) of waste.
A framework which defines the environmental limits within (24)which humans can really operate--called planetary boundaries--says (25)losing (lose) more than 10% of the biodiversity in an area places the local ecosystem at risk.Ecosystems are all different but this percentage is considered as a good measure of safety.
A study published in the magazine Science suggests that 58% of the world's land surface (26)has been reduced (reduce) below this level already.These areas house 71% of the global population.Professor Andy Purvis,from Imperial College London and the Natural History Museum,is one of the authors of the study.He says,"Once we're the wrong side of the boundary,(27)it doesn't mean everything goes wrong immediately,but there is a remarkable higher risk (28)that things will go badly wrong."
The researchers found that grasslands,savannas and shrub lands were most affected by biodiversity loss on average.Purvis hopes this report (29)can become a wake-up call to those who design policies.Here's his warning:"Decision-makers worry a lot about economic recessions (衰退),but an ecological recession could have even (30)worse (bad) consequences-and the biodiversity damage we've had means we're at risk of that happening.Until and unless we can bring biodiversity back up,we're playing ecological roulette (轮盘赌)."
分析 本文主要讲述生物多样性消失对人类的影响.一、二种生物的消失可能对人类影响不大,但超过10%的生物灭绝则会使当地的生态系统处于危险之中.一项研究表明现在世界陆地58%的地方已陷入到这种水平之下.作者建议政策制定者们更应担心生态系统的衰退.
解答 21.considered 考查过去分词.levels与consider之间是动宾关系,用过去分词短语considered safe for the health and happiness of human societies作后置定语.
22.because/as/since 考查连词.后一分句解释原因,用表示原因的从属连词because/as/since.
23.like 考查介词.根据句意:这可能破坏许多至关重要的过程,像庄稼的授粉,废物的分解.用介词like.
24.which 考查定语从句.分析句子结构可知这是一个定语从句,先行词environmental limits在从句中作介词within的宾语,用关系代词which.
25.losing 考查动名词.分析句子结构,句中缺少主语,用动名词短语losing more than 10% of the biodiversity in an area作主语.
26.has been reduced 考查动词时态和语态.58% of the world's land surface与reduce之间是动宾关系,用被动语态,且动作发生在过去,还将可能持续下去,用现在完成时的被动语态,助动词用has.
27.it 考查it用法.it指代we're the wrong side of the boundary.
28.that 考查连词.从句things will go badly wrong是完整的,由that引导作risk的同位语.
29.can 考查情态动词.can表示推测,意为"可能".
30.worse 考查形容词比较级.此处暗含economic recessions和an ecological recession相比较,生态衰退有更严重的后果.
点评 在一篇200词左右的语篇(短文或对话)中留出10处空白,部分空白的后面给出单词的基本形式,要求考生根据上下文填写空白处所需的内容或所提供单词的正确形式,所填写词语不得多于3个单词.要做好语法填空题,理解短文是解题的前提,扎实的词汇、句型和语法知识是基础,英语国家的背景知识是必要的补充.考生须灵活运用语法知识,如单词词性、单词时态、名词单复数、连接词、代词、冠词等判断各空白处应填写的内容.答完后,还要通读全文,核对所填单词形式是否正确,是否符合语境.
A. | break out | B. | breaks out | C. | broke out | D. | will break out |
---________ Oh,yes!It's past the post office,next to a big market.( )
A. | I beg you pardon? | B. | You asked the right question. | ||
C. | Mm,let me see. | D. | Be quiet. |