题目内容

     Holidays are really important. Many of us will have childhood memories of summer holidays where we were taken away from home to experience new environments and learn in different ways.

    But holidays are expensive and,for those on low wages or living on benefits,they are often unobtainable. Even the cheapest holidays require travel and other additional costs that are difficult for many families to meet.

     For working parents,the long summer break can be a very difficult problem for childcare. When an annual leave allowance amounts to only five weeks,there is a need to spread this across the year. Couples can find themselves taking leave in turn in order to care for children who are on holiday. For some,this makes even an affordable family holiday difficult.

    The schools that I visit in Nottingham are full of experienced staff committed to giving our children a caring and inspiring learning environment. The number of children receiving free school meals is quite large in Nottingham and many schools have breakfast clubs to make sure that children get a healthy start to the day. Most schools undertake programmes of group or individual educational support. Schools also have an important role in safeguarding children's welfare through the ongoing touch and support with their pupils. During the long summer holidays,much of this is missed.

   While teachers are holidaying in the UK,many of their pupils spend the whole six weeks on the street where they live. The lack of free school meals for six weeks can result in pressure on a family budget and an inability to afford the inspiring experiences that help children to continue their learning.

In setting out its plans for a five-term year,Nottingham City Council ( seeking to reduce the sum- mer holiday down to four and a half weeks,with a more balanced five terms of roughly eight weeks,each followed by a two-week break. We believe this will give real down time” for school staff and pupils alike but will be short enough not to cause a real break in learning.

   We acknowledge that this change may be difficult for some school staff,particularly whose own children are educated in other authorities. However,this must be weighed against the benefits for city children for whom we all have the greatest duty of care.

46. The passage is probably written by .

   A. an experienced teacher

   B. a working parent

   C. an inspired student

   D. a city council member

47. The underlined word “they” in the second paragraph refers to “

   A. environments   B. holidays

   C. wages   D. benefits

48. It is suggested in the passage that the summer break be reduced to.

   A. 2 weeks   B. 4. 5 weeks

   C. 5 weeks   D. 6 weeks 

49. The plans for a shorter summer holiday will help students .

   A. obtain the cheapest holidays without additional costs

   B. get a chance to spend six weeks a term with teachers in school

   C. benefit more from the caring and inspiring learning environment

   D. have more school days to receive free schcx>l meals

50. It can be inferred from the passage that .

   A. working parents can enjoy a five-week break to care for their children

   B. the suggested plans for a five-term school year can hardly be carried out

   C. the long summer holiday gives teachers and students real “down time”

   D. some school staff will say “No” to the plans for a shorter summer holiday

46. D 47. B 48. B 49. C 50. D

46. D解析:推理判断题。由文章倒数第二 段第一句话可知采取这一行动的是城市委 员会。再由最后一段中出现的“we”一词 可知本文的作者很可能就是委员会的一名 成员。

47. B解析:词义猜测题。根据画线词所在 句可知,they应该指代holidays。

48. B解析:细节理解题.由倒数第二段第一 句话 “Nottingham City Council is seeking to reduce the summer holiday down to four and a half weeks... ” 可知所建议的 是将假期时间减少到4周半。reduce to减 少到。

49. C解析:细节理解题。由第四段第一句 中的“giving our children a caring and inspiring ieaming environment” 可知 “我” 访 问这所学校的目的是想给孩子们一个充满 关怀和激励人心的学习环境。所以这个缩 短假期时间的计划将会使孩子们从充满关 怀和激励人心的学习环境中获益。选C.

50. D解析:推理判断题。由最后一段第一句话中的“this change may be difficult for some school staff”可知这项改变或许对有 些教职工很困难,所以他们很可能不同意 这项计划,因此D项的表述正确。

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第二节七选五阅读(共5小题;每小题2分,共10分) 根据短文内容,从短文后的七个选项中选出能填人空 白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

Public Speaking and Critical Thinking What is critical thinking? To a certain degree,if s  a matter of logic (逻辑) 一of being able to spot weaknesses in other peopled arguments and to avoid them in your own. It also includes related skills such as distinguishing fact from opinion and assessing the soundness of evidence.

In the broad sense,critical thinking is focused,organised thinking—the ability to see clearly the relationships among ideas. 71 The greatest thinkers,scientists,and inventors have often taken information that was readily available and put it together differently to produce new ideas. That,too,is critical thinking.

72 As the class goes on,for example,you will probably spend a good deal of time organising your speeches. While this may seem like a purely mechanical (

械的) exercise,it is closely connected with critical thinking. If the structure of your speech is loose and confused,

chances are that your thinking is also disordered and confused. If,on the other hand,the structure is clear,there

is a good chance your thinking is too. Organising a

speech is not just a matter of arranging the ideas you already have. 73

What is true of organisation is true of many aspects of public speaking. 74 As you work on expressing your ideas in clear,accurate language,you will improve your ability to think clearly and accurately. 75 As you learn to listen critically to speeches in class,you will be better able to assess the ideas of speakers in a variety of situations.

If you take full advantage of your speech class,you will be able to develop your skills as a critical thinker in many circumstances. This is one reason public speaking has been regarded as a vital part of education since the days of ancient Greece.

   A. Rather,it is an important part of shaping the ideas themselves.

   B. This may seem like a lot of time,but the rewards are well worth it.

   C. It may also help you to know that there is no such thing as a perfect speech.

   D. It has often been said that there are few new ideas in the world,only reorganised ideas.

   E. If you are wondering what this has to do with your public speaking class,the answer is quite a lot.

   F. The skills you learn in your speech class can help you become a more effective thinker in a number of ways.

   G. As you study the role of evidence and reasoning in speechmaking,you will see how they can beused in other forms of communication as well. 


    Confucius (551—497 BC) was a thinker,educator,and founder of the Ru School for Chinese thought.

    He was a well-known leader in philosophy and he also made many wise phrases and theories about the law,life,and the government that helped many people learn about nature,the world,and human beings.

Confucius's social philosophy largely centres around the concept of ‘‘ ren ”,which is “ loving others ” and

    ‘‘ honouring one's parents”. Those who have developed “ren” are “simple in manner and slow of speech”. For Confucius,such concern for others is proved through the practice of the Golden Rule :u What you do not wish for yourself,do not do to others. ”

    Confucius thinks a good ruler is to have “de” or  virtuewhich allows one to win peopled support without using any force and keep good order in his state without troubling himself,and that a ruler should rule his people by his own example and treat them with love and concern.

     A characteristic of Confucius's thoughts is his emphasis (强调) on education and study. u A good teacher is someone who knows well the ways of the past and the practices of the ancients ” and he also thinks “ He who leams but does not think is lost. He who thinks biit does not learn is in great danger”.

    Confucius did not write down the principles of his philosophy;these were handed down only through his students. a book compiled (编撰) by some of his students,is considered the most dependable source of information about his life and teachings. One of the historical works that he is said to have compiled and edited,The Spring and Autumn Annals,is describing Chinese history in the state of Lu from 722 BC to 481 B C.

     Since Confucius teachings and philosophy was so advanced,it was the education for China for 2 ,000 years. It is called Confucianism.

36. The passage mainly discusses.

   A. Confucius and his great thoughts

   B. the life of Confucius

   C. Confucius's influence on students

   D. Confucius's teaching methods

37. Confucius's philosophical thinking can help people know about all the following EXCEPT .

   A. humans   B. nature

   C. the world   D. the sun

38. Which of the following expresses Confucius’ s  educational idea?

   A. What you do not wish for yourself,do not do to others.

   B. Learning and thinking should go hand in hand.

   C. “Loving others ”and “honouring one's parents”.

   D. A ruler should love and care about his people.

39. According to the passage,which of the following is NOT true?

   A. Confucius was founder of the Ru School of Chinese thought.

   B. The Spring and Autumn Annals is a historical book.

   C. Confucius has a great effect on Chinese society.

   D. Lun Yu is a book compiled by Confucius.

40. We can infer from the passage that a teacher should be a person who .

   A. is old and experienced enough

   B. leams but doesn’t think

   C. does things according to good old ways

   D. thinks a lot but doesn’t learn

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