题目内容

Limit the use of private cars, improve public transport and encourage the use of bicycles to control traffic congestion(拥挤) during the 2008 Olympics, experts from foreign countries advised Beijing on Friday.

Professor Nigel Wilson, of the civil and environmental engineering department of Massachusetts Institute of Technology, said he was "supportive to the limiting of private cars during the Olympic Games", saying that in foreign countries, the method is also adopted during big events, but he was unsure about the approach.

The government planned to keep an average of more than one million cars off the roads to improve traffic flow during the Olympics, said Liu Xiaoming, deputy director of the Beijing Traffic Committee, at the China Planning Network First Urban Transportation Congress.

Sharing Wilson's view, Dr. Yoshitsugu Hayashi, dean of the Graduate School of Environmental Studies of Nagoya University, believed the reduction in car use should be achieved not by banning, but through incentives.

"Drivers who don't use their private cars could be given points," he said, "and the points could be exchanged for goods from online shopping."

Wetzel stressed limiting the use of company cars. "Governmental officials should also be encouraged to use public transportation or ride bicycles," he said, adding that he himself is a bicycle-rider in London.

Matthew Martimo, director of Traffic Engineering with Citilabs, said the bicycle was China's advantage. "Limiting private cars is an idea worth trying but it is just a temporary solution," he said. "The real cause of congestion is high density of people in Beijing and many have cars."

Beijing, with a population of 15 million, is home to more than three million automobiles, and the number is rising by 1,000 a day.

Professor Wilson said the Olympic Games was a great opportunity for Beijing to think about traffic problems and develop transportation, adding that the city had already been making public transport more efficient. Beijing has promised to stretch its 114-kilometer city railway to 200 kilometers before the opening of the Olympic Games.

“We are looking forward to borrowing Beijing's experiences and drawing from its lessons in preparation for the 2012 Olympics,” said Wetzel. 

51. The underlined word incentives in paragraph 4 means_______.

A. something that encourages people to try           B. online shopping

C. points could be exchanged for goods                D. award

52.It can be seen from the passage that ______.

A. the government planned to forbid over 1 million cars to run on the roads during the Olympics.

B. banning private cars is the best way to solve traffic congestion in Beijing

C. Beijing now has 200 kilometers of city railway

D. the use of company cars will not be limited

53. Why did Wetzel stress “ he himself is a bicycle-rider in London”?

A. To limit the use of company cars.

B. To encourage governmental officials to use public transportation or ride bicycles.

C. To show that riding bicycles is good for health.

D. To show that he loves riding bicycles.

54. Which of the following may be the reason for the traffic congestion in Beijing?

A. The 2008 Beijing Olympic games.

B. The number of cars in Beijing is rising by 1,000 a day.

C. The large population in Beijing and the large number of cars.

D. Public transport in Beijing is not efficient.

55. The purpose of the passage is ________.

A. to limit the use of private cars, improve public transport

B. to encourage the use of bicycles to control traffic congestion during the 2008 Olympics

C. to borrow Beijing's experiences and draw from its lessons in preparation for the 2012 Olympics

D. to tell the advice given by foreign experts on traffic congestion during 2008 Beijing Olympics

 

【答案】

 A

 A

 B

 C

 D

【解析】略

 

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  The private automobile has long played an important   1   in the United States.In fact, it has become a necessary and important part of the American way of life.In 1986, sixty-nine percent of American families owned at least one car, and thirty-eight percent had more   2   one.By giving workers rapid transportation, the automobile has freed them from having to live near their place of work.This has encouraged the   3  (grow)of the cities, but it has also led   4   traffic problems.

  Family life has been affected in various ways, The car helps to keep families together   5   it is used for picnics, outings.However, when teenage children have the use of the car, their parents can't keep   6   eye on them.There is a great danger if the driver has been drinking alcohol(酒精)or   7  (take)drugs, or showing off by speeding or breaking down traffic laws.Mothers of victims(罹难者)of such accidents have formed an   8  (organize)called MADD.These women want to prevent further tragedies(悲剧).They have worked to encourage the government to limit the youngest drinking age, Students have formed a   9  (similarity)organization, SADD, and are spreading the same message among their friends.

  For many Americans the automobile is a   10  (necessary).But for some, it is also a mark of social position and for young people, a sign of becoming an adult.Altogether, cars mean very much to Americans.

1.________

 

 

2.________

3.________

4.________

5.________

6.________

7.________

 

8.________

9.________

 

10.________

 

Foreign drivers will have a pay on-the-spot fines of up to £900 for breaking the traffic law to be carried our next month.   

If they do not have enough cash or a working credit card, their vehicles will clamped(扣留)until they pay law takes effect ,because the money would be returned if the driver went to court and was found not guilty , In practice, very few foreign drives are likely to return to Britain to deal with their eases.   

Foreign drivers are rarely charged because police cannot take action against them if they fail to appear in court, Instead, officers often merely give warnings.   

Three million foreign-registered vehicles enter Britain each year. Polish vehicles s make up 36 percent, French vehicles 10 percent and German vehicles 9 percent.   

Foreign vehicles are 30 percent more vehicles entre Britain each year. Polish vehicles make up 36 percent. French crashes caused by foreign vehicle rose by 47 percent between 2003 and 2008. There were almost 400 deaths and serious injuries and 3,000 slight injuries form accidents caused by foreign vehicles in 2008.   

The new Law is party intended to settle the problem of foreign lorry divers ignoring limits to weight and hours at the wheel. Foreign Lorries are throe times more likely to be in a crash than British Lorries. Recent spot checks found that three quarters of Lorries that failed safety teats were registered overseas.   

The standard deposit for a careless driving offence ―such as driving too close to the vehicle in front or reading a map at the wheel―will be £300. Deposits for speeding offences and using mobile phones will be 60. Foreign drivers will not get points as punishment added to their licenses, while British drivers will.   

60. The first paragraph serves as a(n)  

A. explanation                    B. introduction             C. comment               D. background.  

61. The foreign drivers who break the traffic law and do not pay on the spot are likely to be forted up to        .   

A. £60        B. £300        C. £900           D. £980  

62. We can learn from the passage that         .   

A. many foreign drivers have been fined by Britain police  

B. 300,000German vehicles enter Britain every year  

C. 25percent of foreign vehicles entering Britain have failed safety tests  

D. British drivers will be punished with points and fines for breaking the traffic law  

63. The new traffic law is mainly intended to          .   

A. limit the number of foreign vehicles entering Britain  

B. increase the British movement’s additional income  

C. lower the rate of traffic accidents and injuries  

D. get foreign drives to appear in count  

Recently there was a major discovery in the scientific research—the mapping of all DNA in a human gene(基因)is complete. Couple of years ago, this seems an impossible task for scientist to accomplish. All this progress in science leads us to believe that the day, when the human being will be cloned, is not far away. Human cloning has always been a topic of argument,in terms of morality or religion.

Taking a look at why cloning might be beneficial, among many cases, it is arguable that parents who are known to be at risk of passing a genetic limitation to a child could make use of cloning. If the clone was free of genetic limitations. Then the other clone would be as well. The latter could foe inserted in the woman and allowed to ripen to term. Moreover,cloning would enable women, who can’t get pregnant, to have children of their own.

Cloning humans would also mean that organs could be cloned, so it would be a source of perfect transfer organs. This, surely would be greatly beneficial to millions of unfortunate people around the world that are expected to lose their lives due to failure of single(or more) organ(s).It is also arguable that a ban on cloning may be unlawful and would rob people of the right to reproduce and limit the freedom of scientists.

Arguments against cloning are also on a perfectly practical side. Primarily, I believe that cloning would step in the normal “cycle”of life. There would be a large number of same genes., which reduce the chances of improvement,and, in turn, development-the fundamental reason how living things naturally adapt to the ever-changing environment. Life processes failing to do so might result in untimely disappearance. Furthermore, cloning would make the uniqueness that each one of us possesses disappea. Thus, leading to creation of genetically engineered groups of people for specific purposes and, chances are, that those individuals would be regarded as “objects” rather than people in the society.Scientists haven’t 100 percent. guaranteed that the first cloned will be normal. Thus this could result in introduction of additional limitations in the human “gene-pool”.

Regarding such arguable topics in “black or white” approach seems very innocent to me personally. We should rather try to look at all “shades: of it. I believe that cloning is only legal if its purpose is for cloning organs, not humans. Then we could regard this as for “saving life” instead of “creating life”. I believe cloning humans is morally and socially unacceptable.

1.Which of the following is true according to the passage?

    A. Genetic limitation will be beneficial for some women

   B. A large number of genes will prevent us from developing

   C. Prohibition of cloning might limit the freedom of scientists

   D. First cloned humans might be normal according to scientists

2.What’s the author’s opinion on cloning?

   A. Cloning should be entirely banned

   B. Cloning should be used in creating life

   C. Cloning will take away the right to reproduce

   D. Cloning is acceptable if it is used for cloning organs

3.Where can you read this article?

   A. In a story book. B. In a magazine.   C. In a science fiction D. In a brochure

4.Which of the following shows the structure of the passage

 

Remembering names is an important social skill. Here are some ways to master it.

l  Recite and repeat in conversation.

When you hear a person's name, repeat it. Immediately say it to yourself several times without moving your lips. You could also repeat the name in a way that does not sound forced or artificial.

l  Ask the other person to recite and repeat.

You can let other people help you remember their names. After you've been introduced to someone, ask that person to spell the name and pronounce it correctly for you. Most people will be pleased by the effort you're making to learn their names.

l  Admit you don't know.

Admitting that you can't remember someone's name can actually make people relaxed. Most of them w ill feel sympathy if you say. "I'm working to remember names better. Yours is right on the tip of my tongue. What is it again?"

l  Use associations.

Link each person yon meet with one thing you find interesting or unusual. For example, you could make a mental note: "Vicki Cheng - tall, black hair." To reinforce your associations, write them on a small card as soon as possible.

l  Limit the number of new names you learn at one time.

When meeting a group of people, concentrate on remembering just two or three names. Free yourself from remembering every one. Few of the people in mass introductions expect you to remember their names. Another way is to limit yourself to learning just first names. Last names can come later.

l  Go early.

Consider going early to conferences, parties and classes. Sometimes just a few people show up on time. That's fewer names for you to remember. And as more people arrive, you can hear them being introduced to others - an automatic review for you.

1.How will most people feel when you try hard to remember their names?

A. They will be moved.                   B. They will be annoyed.

C. They will be delighted.                D. They  will be discouraged.

2. If you can't remember someone's name, you may _______.  

A. tell him the truth                         B. tell him a white lie

C. ask him for pity                       D. ask others to help you

3.When you meet a group of people, it is better to remember ______

A. all their names                        B. a couple of names first

C. just their last names                      D. as many names as possible

4. What does the text mainly tell us?

A. Tips on an important social skill.         B. Importance of attending parties.

C. How to make use of associations.         D. How to recite and repeat names.

 

An Australian company, Smart Car Technologies, has developed a system that lets drivers know when they’re speeding. When the technology becomes commercially available, it could help lead-footed drivers avoid tickets and also save lives. The company that developed the product hopes to convince Australian government agencies to put the technology into use in their automobile fleets.

The product, called Speed Alert, links real-time location data and speed obtained with the help of GPS to a database of posted speed limits stored in a driver’s PDA or programmable mobile phone. The setup of the product does not need to be hooked up to a car’s speedometer. In fact, it is entirely portable. It will also work with newer phones and PDAs that have built-in GPS receivers. If a driver exceeds the speed limit, the speed is shown and an alert sounds.

Michael Paine, an Australian vehicle design engineer and traffic safety consultant, was hired to analyze the product. He told Live Science that his colleagues in the road safety field are “very enthusiastic” about what they’re now calling “intelligent speed alert.” Other research, according to Paine, shows that 40 percent of all traffic deaths involve speeding. There is also a potentially controversial future use: “Since the system is so portable, it would be easy to make it a requirement for teenage drivers to always use a speed alert device when driving,” Paine said. “The system even has the capability to record speeding violations, so parents can monitor their teenage drivers.”

The product will soon go on sale in Sydney.

1. What’s the purpose of the new product?

A. To inform us of the new car system.   B. To introduce some improvement in cars.

C. To limit certain drivers to safe driving.  D. To popularize the built-in car system.

2.The second paragraph mainly talks about        .

A. the project of the built-in product     B. why the system becomes popular

C. the functions of GPS in cars         D. how the product is programmed

3.Which of the following is true of Speed Alert according to Michael Paine?

A. Most of the traffic deaths can be avoided.     B. Speeding violations can be easily found out.

C. The system will excite some teenage drivers.   D. The product will not be available for adults.

4.What can be the best title of the passage?

A. Speed Alert and Its Future Use.             B. Progress in Car-making Science.

C. Warning for Adventurous Drivers.           D. New In-Car Device against Speeding.

 

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