题目内容

What kind of job do you want to do in the future ? One that earns the most money or one that gives you the highest social position? What about a job that makes you feel happy? Surprisingly, these three things do not always go together in the job world .
According to a general social survey by the National Organization for Research at the University of Chicago in the US, the ten happiest jobs are not those with better pay or higher social position. They are ordinary jobs.
But what is it that makes a “happy” job?
Researchers found that people are happier when they feel they are doing something worthwhile. Six of the top ten happiest jobs are based heavily on helping others, such as firefighters, teachers, and physical therapists(理疗师 ).
Being able to express oneself is also important for people to feel satisfied . Take authors as an example. Their pay is “ridiculously low or non-existent”, but “the freedom of writing down the contents of your own mind leads to happiness ,”wrote business author Steve Denning on his blog on Forbes.com.
These jobs are greatly different to the top ten “hated jobs”, according a website survey earlier this year. Director of information technology, sales manager, technical specialist and others that are generally considered respectable jobs are on the list.
Todd May from The New York Times didn’t find the results strange. He argued that
“ a meaningful life must, in some sense then , make people feel worthwhile”. If a person doesn’t participate in the causes “ that are generally regarded as worthy, like feeding and clothing the poor, their life will lack meaning ,”he said . Work takes up the greater part of most people’s  lives . It’s no wonder that the people with the most worthwhile jobs are the happiest of all.
However, it’s important to remember that these two surveys are broad ones and that it doesn’t matter whether your dream job is on the two lists. Now it is the time to think about the future . After all, something that satisfies your mind will always bring you happiness.
小题1:According to the passage , which of the following is probably a happy job?
A．A marketing managerB． An engineer of IT
C．A teacher of artD． A technical expert
小题2:Steve Denning thinks that being an author is happy mainly because authors_____.
A．are helpful to others
B．can be free to express themselves
C．earn much money
D．are considered respectable
小题3:From the passage we learn that_________.
A．the more you earn , the happier you are
B．respectable jobs are happy jobs
C．the higher your social position is , the happier you are
D．most happy jobs are related to helping others
小题4:In the last paragraph the author stresses that_________.
A．your future job should be one that makes you happy
B．your dream jobs should be based on the two surveys
C．the two surveys are of great importance
D．it won’t be easy to find a job in the future

小题1:C
小题2:B
小题3:D
小题4:A

小题1:细节理解题。结合Six of the top ten happiest jobs are based heavily on helping others, such as firefighters, teachers, and physical therapists可知答案。
小题2:细节理解题。结合Being able to express oneself is also important for people to feel satisfied可知答案。
小题3:推理判断题。结合Six of the top ten happiest jobs are based heavily on helping others可知答案。
小题4:细节理解题。结合Now it is the time to think about the future . After all, something that satisfies your mind will always bring you happiness可知答案。
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If women are mercilessly exploited year after year, they have only themselves to blame.  Because they tremble at the thought of being seen in public in clothes that are out of fashion, they are always taken advantage of by the designers and the big stores. Clothes which have been worn only a few times have to be put aside because of the change of fashion. When you come to think of it, only a woman is capable of standing in front of a wardrobe packed full of clothes and announcing sadly that she has nothing to wear.
　 Changing fashions are nothing more than the intentional creation of waste. Many women spend vast sums of money each year to replace clothes that have hardly been worn. Women who cannot afford to throw away clothing in this way, waste hours of their time altering the dresses they have. Skirts are lengthened or shortened; neck－lines are lowered or raised, and soon.
No one can claim that the fashion industry contributes anything really important to society. Fashion designers are rarely concerned with vital things like warmth, comfort and durability. They are only interested in outward appearance and they take advantage of the fact that women will put up with any amount of discomfort, as long as they look right. There can hardly be a man who hasn’t at some time in his life smiled at the sight of a woman shaking in a thin dress on a winter day, or delicately picking her way through deep snow in high－heeled shoes.
　 When comparing men and women in the matter of fashion, the conclusions to be drawn are obvious. Does the constantly changing fashion of women's clothes, one wonders, reflect basic qualities of instability? Men are too clever to let themselves be cheated by fashion designers. Do their unchanged styles of dress reflect basic qualities of stability and reliability? That is for you to decide.
小题1:The writer would be less critical if fashion designers placed more stress on the of clothing
___ .
A．comfortB．appearance C．costD．suitability
小题2:According to the passage, which of the following statements is TRUE？
A．Fashion designs should not be encouraged since they are only welcomed by women.
B．The constant changes in women's clothing reflect their strength of character.
C．The fashion industry makes an important contribution to society.
D．New fashions in clothing are created for the commercial exploitation of women.
小题3:By saying “the conclusions to be drawn are obvious”, the writer means that _____.
A．women’s inconstancy in their choice of clothing is often laughed at
B．women are better able to put up with discomfort
C．men are also exploited greatly by fashion designers
D．men are more reasonable in the matter of fashion
The consumer(消费者) plays a very important role in the global efforts to reduce C02 emissions(排放). Households use one third of the final energy and produce around two thirds of city waste in the European Union. Besides，housing, food，and private transport make up almost 80％ of environmental pressures. Therefore there’s no doubt that consumers can make a real difference in fighting climate change．
To direct consumers towards more environmentally-friendly decisions，we need clear and simple instructions to guide consumption behavior. Actually, two thirds of consumers find it hard to figure out which products are better for the environment, for 58% Europeans think that many businesses just pretend to be green so as to charge higher prices. Thus industry should work harder to give consumers more information about the carbon footprint of their product. For example, inform customers of products made from materials that are recycled，renewable, and／or less carbon-intensive.
People prefer high-quality products that will last long and won’t go out of style, though they might sometimes cost more, especially in time of crisis. Firms that make durable（持久耐用的） or recyclable products cause people to behave more responsibly, which may help put an end to our “throw-way” culture．
However, it is not enough to remind people of green products. It’s more important to direct people to follow a practical lifestyle model. Regulations alone cannot achieve this purpose. We call for good business communities to create a loyal group of “sustainable(可持续的) consumers”.
小题1:According to the passage, the key to going greener globally is    ．
A．to provide enough information about sustainable products
B．to get the government involved in protecting the environment
C．to encourage consumers to make their efforts to live a green way
D．to direct companies to provide environmentally-friendly products
小题2:The second paragraph tried to tell us that       ．
A．people are buying sustainable products to have a lighter carbon footprint
B．most European consumers lack confidence in making responsible choices
C．companies have done enough to allow consumers to make greener choices
D．companies can make more money by making less carbon-intensive products
小题3:It’s advised that companies had better       especially in the time of crisis.
A．throw away old materials
B．reduce the cost of production
C．make more durable products
D．replace their products frequently
小题4:The last paragraph puts emphasis on ___________.
A．the quality of products.
B．the honesty of companies.
C．the government regulations.
D．the importance of lifestyle.
Kelly Reeves was getting ready for a trip when her phone slipped into a sink full of water. Panic moment! She quickly picked up the wet phone and tried to turn it on, but nothing worked. Her first reaction? She got dressed, drove to the nearest store, and bought a new model at full price.
A new study finds that fear of losing your phone is a common illness. About 66 percent of those surveyed suffer from nomophobia or “no mobile phone phobia”. Interestingly, more women worry about losing their phone than men.
Fortunately, there’s a solution.
The first step is to figure out if you have nomophobia. Checking your phone too often is one thing, but the true sign of a problem is that you can’t conduct business or go about your routine when the fear becomes so severe.
Do you go to unusual lengths to make sure you have your phone? That’s another sign of a problem. If you find you check your phone plenty of times per hour, or a total of an hour per day, there may be a problem.
Some of the treatments are similar to those for treating anxiety attacks: Leaving the phone behind and not checking e-mail or text messages, and then learning to tolerate the after anxiety. Even if this leads to a high level of worry and stress, the solution is to push through the fear and learn to deal with not having your phone.
Of course, there are also technological alternatives. Luis Levy, a co-founder at Novy PR, says he uses an application called Cerberus that can automatically track the location of his phone. To find it, he can just go to a Web site and see the phone’s location.
He also insures his phone through a service called Asurion. The company’s description of its product reads like a prescription for anxiety: “60 million phones are lost, stolen or damaged each year. You’ll have complete peace of mind knowing that your phone is protected and you can quickly reconnect with family, friends and work, as soon as the very next day!”
小题1:Why does the author mention Kelly’s experience in the first paragraph?
A．To inform us that mobile phones are useful.
B．To introduce the topic for discussion.
C．To tell us we should get phones ready for a trip.
D．To warn us that we should be careful.
小题2:The underlined word “nomophobia” in Paragraph 2 means ________.
A．Fear of losing mobile phones.
B．Habits of using mobile phones
C．Independence of mobile phones.
D．Eagerness for new mobile phones.
小题3:Which of the following is a way to treat nomophobia?
A．Learning more about modern technology.
B．Avoiding using phone for some time
C．Not using a mobile phone in one’s daily work.
D．Protecting one’s phone against any damage.
小题4:Why can the service called Asurion help to treat nomophobia?
A．It will give you a new phone through insurance.
B．It lets you know other people also lose their phones.
C．It gives you a prescription to treat nomophobia.
D．It enables you to reconnect with your acquaintance.
小题5:What is the passage mainly about?
A．New mobile phone technology.
B．Attitude toward mobile phone.
C．Solutions to nomophobia
D．Disadvantages of mobile phone
If the rose can be said to be a special flower, then the apple can be said to be a special fruit. It is very important in American culture. American stories speak of Johnny Appleseed, who went throughout America collecting apple seeds and planting apple trees. He had a great love for nature and went through fields and farms adding richness and beauty to the country.
One of the first sayings taught to school children is, "An apple a day keeps the doctor away." This short saying encourages children to eat fresh fruit to keep healthy. If someone always says good words to a person, people will call him an "apple polisher". This, however, is not a good name. If someone is very dear to us, we say that he or she is the "apple of our eye".
Most people believe that the fruit which Eve gave to Adam was an apple, even though the Bible(圣经) never says so. The apple, therefore, is a deep part of the language and stories of America.
An apple is also delicious. Apples can be cooked in many ways, used as a dessert (甜点) , and made into sweet juice.
In many parts of the country during the harvest season, a popular activity is to go into an apple garden to pick apples. Washington, D. C. and New York are both famous for their apples.
Finally, when it’s time to take a vacation to American cities, one can always visit New York, which is "the biggest apple" of all the American cities.
小题1:Why was Johnny Appleseed so famous?
A．He had a great love of nature.
B．He liked the American people.
C．He went throughout the country.
D．He collected apple seeds and planted apple trees.
小题2:What does the underlined phrase "apple polisher" mean?
A．Something for cutting apples.
B．A person who likes to please others.
C．A person who is dealing with fruits.
D．A machine for cleaning apples quickly.
小题3:Which of the following is TRUE with apples?
A．Apples are medicine.
B．Apples are the most important food.
C．New York is famous for its big apples.
D．The Bible says Adam was given an apple.
小题4:The passage is mainly about______.
A．stories about the apple
B．apples in American culture
C．some famous sayings of the apple
D．big cities that is famous for apples
Say sorry to your wife---it may help her live longer, according to scientists.
“Sorry” may be the hardest word, but scientists say it could be one of the healthiest. Researchers have discovered that women who receive an apology for hurtful behavior suffer less stress and possible damage to their heart than those who don’t.
It is said that the heartbeat of a wronged woman returns to normal 20 percent quicker after a well-timed “sorry” than without it. But for men, their heartbeat takes longer to recover, according to the research.
The research was undertaken by American scientists using 29 men and 59  women whose diastolic blood pressure was measured throughout an experiment. Diastolic blood pressure
is a measure of pressure in the blood vessels( 血管 ) between heartbeats---if it is continuously high it can increase the chances of heart attacks.
The men and women were asked to undertake a difficult mathematical task. They were told they had five minutes to complete it but were disturbed after a minute and told rudely to carry out the task more quickly. They were disturbed twice more before five minutes had passed and told to speed up. Finally they were told, “ You’re obviously not good enough.” Two minutes later researchers said sorry to half of the men and women.
The researchers found that, on average, the women’s diastolic blood pressure dropped back to normal 20 percent---quicker if they received an apology from the researchers, while the men’s took 20 percent longer to return to normal. One of the researchers said, “Results indicates that the effects of apology and forgiveness on women are greater.”
小题1:The term “sorry” is considered as one of the healthiest words because it _________.
A．is the most powerful
B．can cure heart disease
C．helps people forget hurtful behavior
D．can reduce pressure and damage to the heart
小题2:We can know from Paragraph 3 _________.
A．women’s hearts beat faster than men’s
B．women are quicker at making apologies
C．men can forgive others’mistakes more easily than women
D．men stay angry for a longer time than women after receiving an apology
小题3:Which of the following is the RIGHT time order for events in the study?
a. Half of them received apologies.
b. They were disturbed a minute later.
c. They were told that they weren’t good enough.
d. They were asked to finish a math task in five minutes.
e. They were disturbed two more times during the study.
A．d-b-c-e-a B．d-c-b-a-e C．d-b-e-c-aD．d-c-b-e-a
小题4:The research confirmed (证实) that _________.
A．men are unwilling to apologize to others for their mistakes
B．men’s chances of getting heart attacks are higher than women’s
C．women can benefit more from receiving apologies than men
D．people can also get healthy benefits from giving apologies
Whether we’re 2 years old or 62, our reasons for lying are mostly the same: to get out of trouble, for personal gain and to make ourselves look better in the eyes of others. But a growing body of research is raising questions about how a child’s lie is different from an adult’s lie, and how the way we deceive changes as we grow.
“Parents and teachers who catch their children lying should not be alarmed. Their children are not going to turn out to be abnormal liars,” says Dr. Lee, a professor at the University of Toronto and director of the Institute of Child Study. He has spent the last 15 years studying how lying changes as kids get older, why some people lie more than others as well as which factors can reduce lying. The fact that children tell lies is a sign that they have reached a new developmental stage. Dr. Lee conducted a series of studies in which they bring children into a lab with hidden cameras. Children and young adults aged 2 to 17 are likely to lie while being told not to look at a toy, which is put behind the child’s back. Whether or not the child takes a secret look is caught on tape.
For young kids, the desire to cheat is big and 90% take a secret look in these experiments. When the test-giver returns to the room, the child is asked if he or she looked secretly. At age 2, about a quarter of children will lie and say they didn’t. By 3, half of kids will lie, and by 4, that figure is 90%, studies show.
Researchers have found that it’s kids with better understanding abilities who lie more. That’s because to lie you also have to keep the truth in mind, which includes many brain processes, such as combining several sources of information and faking that information. The ability to lie — and lie successfully  — is thought to be related to development of brain regions that allow so called “executive functioning”, or higher order thinking and reasoning abilities. Kids who perform better on tests that involve executive functioning also lie more.
小题1:What’s the purpose of children telling lies?
A．To help their friends out.
B．To get rid of trouble.
C．To get attention from others.
D．To create a popular image.
小题2:The underlined word “deceive” in Paragraph 1 can be replaced by “      ”.
A．tell liesB．handle troubles
C．raise questions D．do research
小题3:From the second paragraph we can know that       .
A．which factors can reduce lying
B．why some lie more than others
C．it is normal for kids to tell lies
D．how lying changes as kids grow
小题4:It can be inferred from the passage that        .
A．children’s lies are the same as adults’
B．the better kids are, the more they lie
C．the older kids are, the more they lie
D．kids always keep the truth in their mind
小题5:What is NOT included in the passage?
A．The reasons why kids tell lies.
B．Which kind of kids tells more lies.
C．Experiments about lying of young kids.
D．What to do with lying children.
Research by sociologists Scott Coltrance Michele Adams looked at national survey data and found that when men increase their share of housework and childcare, their children are happier, healthier and do better at school．What’s more, when school-aged children do housework with their fathers, they get along better with their peers and have more friends．And they show more positive behaviors than if they do the same work with their mothers．“Because fewer men do housework than women,” said Adams, “when they share the work，it has more influence on children．” Fathers model “co-operative family partnerships”．
When men share housework and childcare, it turns out, their partners are happier．Wives of egalitarian（主张人人平等的）husbands, regardless of class, report the highest levels of marital（婚姻的）satisfaction and lowest rates of depression，and are less likely to see therapists（治疗专家）．They are also more likely to stay fit, since they probably have more time on their hands．
And the benefits for men are even greater．Men who share housework and childcare are healthier--physically and psychologically．They smoke less, drink less, and take recreational drugs less often．They are more likely to stay in shape and more likely to go to doctors for routine screenings, but less likely to use emergency rooms or miss work due to illness．
In both Europe and the United States，Dad is becoming the “fun parent”．He takes the kids to the park and plays soccer with the kids; she stays home．“What a great time we had with Dad!” the kids announce as they burst through the kitchen door to a lunch mum prepared．
小题1:We can infer from the first paragraph that         ．
A．fathers usually have greater influence on their children
B．it's better for school-aged children to do housework with their mothers
C．few boys would like to do housework
D．children benefit more from doing housework with their fathers
小题2:Which of the following is NOT true of a woman whose husband shares housework?
A．She enjoys a high level of satisfaction at home．
B．She is less likely to develop depression．
C．She will have more free time．
D．She is more likely to gain weight．
小题3:Men who share housework and childcare        ．
A．benefit physically more than psychologically
B．will take the place of women
C．are less likely to develop bad habits
D．don’t perform well at work
小题4:The passage is mainly about       ．
A．the new pattern of family relations in Europe and the US
B．the benefits of men’s participation in housework and childcare
C．the problems of men’s participation in childcare
D．the important role husbands play in the family

On a hill 600 feet above the surrounding land, we watch the lines of rain move across the scene, the moon rise over the hills, and the stars appear in the sky. The views invite a long look from a comfortable chair in front of the wooden house.
Every window in our wooden house has a view, and the forest and lakes seldom look the same as the hour before. Each look reminds us where we are.
There is space for our three boys to play outside, to shoot arrows, collect tree seeds, build earth houses and climb trees.
Our kids have learned the names of the trees, and with the names have come familiarity and appreciation. As they tell all who show even a passing interest, maple（枫树）makes the best fighting sticks and white pines are the best climbing trees.
The air is clean and fresh. The water from the well has a pleasant taste, and it is perhaps the healthiest water our kids will ever drink. Though they have one glass a day of juice and the rest is water, they never say anything against that.
The seasons change just outside the door. We watch the maples turn every shade of yellow and red in the fall and note the poplars’（杨树）putting out the first green leaves of spring. The rainbow smelt fills the local steam as the ice gradually disappears, and the wood frogs start to sing in pools after being frozen for the winter. A family of birds rules our skies and flies over the lake.
小题1:What can be learned from Paragraph 2?
A．The scenes are colorful and changeable.
B．There are many windows in the wooden house.
C．The views remind us that we are in a wooden house.
D．The lakes outside the windows are quite different in color.
小题2:By mentioning the names of the trees, the author aims to show that ______ .
A．the kids like playing in trees
B．the kids are very familiar with trees
C．the kids have learned much knowledge
D．the kids find trees useful learning tools
小题3:What does the underlined sentence in the last paragraph mean?
A．The change of seasons is easily felt.
B．The seasons make the scenes change.
C．The weather often changes in the forest.
D．The door is a good position to enjoy changing seasons.
小题4:What is the main purpose of the author writing the text?
A．To describe the beauty of the scene around the house.
B．To introduce her children’s happy life in the forest.
C．To show that living in the forest is healthful.
D．To share the joy of living in the nature.

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