An example of them is fraud, a crime money is stolen by cheating others. A. which B. that C. what D. where 题目和参考答案——青夏教育精英家教网—

People do not analyze every problem they meet. Sometimes they try to remember a solution from the last time they had a 1 problem. They often accept the opinion or ideas of other people. Other times they begin to act without thinking; they try to find a solution by trial and error.? 2 ,?when all of these methods fail, the person with a problem has to start analyzing. There are six 3 in analyzing a problem.

4 the person must recognize that there is a problem. For example, Sam’s bicycle is broken, and he cannot ride it to class as he usually does. Sam must 5 that there is a problem with his bicycle.

Next the person must find the problem. Before Sam can repair his bicycle, he must know why it does not work. For example, he must 6 the parts that are wrong.

Now the person must look for 7 that will make the problem clearer and lead to 8 solutions. For example, suppose Sam decides that his bike does not work because there is something wrong with the brakes. 9 ,he can look in his bicycle repair book and read about brakes, 10 his friends at the bike shop, or look at his brakes carefully.

After 11 the problem, the person should have 12 suggestions for a possible solution. Take Sam as an example 13 ,his suggestions might be: tighten or loosen the brakes; buy new brakes and change the old ones.

In the end, one 14 seems to be the solution to the problem. Sometimes the 15 idea comes quite 16 because the thinker suddenly sees something new or sees something in a 17 way. Sam, for example, suddenly sees there is a piece of chewing gum(口香糖) stuck to a brake. He 18 hits on the solution to his problem: he must 19 the brake.

Finally the solution is 20 .Sam does it and finds his bicycle works perfectly. In short he has solved the problem.

1.A.serious B.usual C.similar D.common

2.A.Besides B.Instead C.Otherwise D.However

3.A.ways B.conditions C.stages D.orders

4.A.First B.Usually C.In general D.Most importantly

5.A.explain B.prove C.show D.see

6.A.check B.determine C.correct D.recover

7.A.answers B.skills C.explanation D.information

8.A.possible B.exact C.real D.special

9.A.In other words B.Once in a while C.First of all D.At this time

10.A.look for B.talk to C.agree with D.depend on

11.A.discussing B.settling down C.comparing with D.studying

12.A.extra B.enough C.several D.countless

13.A.secondly B.again C.also D.alone

14.A.suggestion B.conclusion C.decision D.discovery

15.A.next B.clear C.final D.new

16.A.unexpectedly B.late C.clearly D.often

17.A.simple B.different C.quick D.sudden

18.A.fortunately B.easily C.clearly D.immediately

19.A.clean B.separate C.loosen D.remove

20.A.recorded B.completed C.tested D.accepted

9. For many cities in the world, there is no room to spread out further, _______ New York is an example.

A. for which B. in which C. of which D. from which

Industrial pollution is not only a problem for the countries of Europe and North America but also an extremely serious problem in some developing countries. For these countries, economic growth is a very important aim. They want to introduce industries, and so they put few controls on the industries which cause pollution.

Cubatao, an industrial town of 85 000 people in Brazil, is an example of the connection between industrial development and pollution. In 1954, Cubatao had no industry. Today it has more than twenty large factories, which produce many pollutants(污染物). The people of the town are suffering from the poisonous matter in their environment and the bad effects can be clearly seen. Birth shortcomings are extremely common. Among children and adults, lung problems are sometimes twelve times more common in Cubatao than in other places.

It is true that Brazil, like many other countries, has laws against pollution, but these laws are not enforced strictly enough. It is cheaper for companies to take no notice of the laws and pay the fines(罚款) than to buy the expensive equipment that will reduce the pollution. It is clear, therefore, that economic growth is more important to the government than to the health of the workers. However, the responsibility(责任) does not completely lie with the Brazilian government. The example of Cubatao shows that international companies are not acting in a responsible way either. A number of the factories in the town are owned by large companies from France, Italy, and the U. S. They are doing things in Brazil that they would not be able to do at home. If they caused the same amount of pollution at home, they would be severely(严厉地) punished or even put out of business.

1. Why don’t developing countries have strict pollution controls?

A. The new industries they want to introduce do not cause much pollution.

B. Pollution is not a serious problem for developing countries.

C. They don’t realize the balance of nature will be destroyed by some pollutants.

D. If they put stricter controls on industry, fewer companies would build new plants in developing countries.

2. What is the author’s purpose in taking Cubatao as an example?

A. To show that industry can develop very fast in developing countries.

B. To show that the pollution problem in Brazil is extremely serious.

C. To show that industrial growth can cause pollution problems for developing countries.

D. To show that pollution is killing many people and destroying the whole economy of Brazil.

3. How is the health of the population of Cubatao?

A. There are more heart diseases among people who live near chemical factories.

B. More people suffer from lung diseases because of poisonous matter.

C. Their health is affected by pollutants the same way as that of other Brazilians.

D. Babies there are found not as bright as those who live in other places.

4. Why do some foreign companies like to set up their plants in Brazil?

A. The investment(投资) environment in Brazil is suitable for them.

B. They will not be severely punished if they cause pollution in Brazil.

C. They can make much money because they do not have to pay Brazilian workers much.

D. They can act in an irresponsible(不负责任的) way in Brazil because there are no pollution laws there.

With alarming regularity, we read about oil tankers having accidents near land and the terrible consequences of the oil spills （泄露） on people, nature, and the environment．

Millions of dollars have been used in developing special chemicals to help dismiss the spills and to clean up the animals, beaches, and land spoiled by the oil．Unfortunately, when many of these chemicals are used, more damage is caused to the environment, especially to lives in the sea．

Of all of today's environmental disasters, an oil spill may actually be one of the least serious．Although oil is poisonous, it is a natural material．In the end, it breaks down naturally．There are, of course, long-term effects, but it is usually more serious in the short term．

Nature by itself works better than chemical materials, but when there is a spill we demand that governments act immediately with as much hi-tech knowledge as possible．In 1967 the tanker Torrey Canyon sank off the Scilly Isles near the coast of England and spilled 120,000 tones of oil into the ocean．If you go there today, you will find it hard to see any sign that it ever happened．

Governments seem to accept the risk of transporting millions of tons of oil by ship every day so that we can fill up our cars and drive around and cause even more environmental damage．Interestingly, the biggest companies in the world produce cars, and the next biggest supply the gasoline to make them run.

We should be thinking more about reducing our dependency on oil．Governments should be encouraging research into new technologies, such as cars run by solar power （太阳能） , electricity, hydrogen, and so on．Much of this research has, in the past, been held back by the oil, gas, and coal．

If the world's millions of cars were 10% more efficient （高效的）—and the industry could easily produce cars at least twice as efficient，we would need many fewer tankers crossing the oceans each year．If this happened, the risks of oil spills would be reduced, and the air we breathe would be cleaner and fresher, too．

1.What is the passage mainly talking about?

A．Oil spills pollution．　　　 B．What oil pollution is

C．Oil tanker accidents. D．How to reduce oil pollution

2.How does the author support the idea that oil spills are not as serious as people believe?

A．By giving a description．　　 B．By making an argument

C．By giving an example． D．By drawing a diagram

3.What does the underlined word "risk" in Paragraph 5 refer to?

A．Transportation depending more on oil

B．Poisonous oil breaking down naturally

C．Millions of tons of oil spilling into the sea

D．More environmental damage being caused

4.Which suggestion, is made for reducing oil tank accidents according to the passage?

A．We should build safer tankers in the near future

B．We should develop new technologies to cut oil use

C．Tankers should not be allowed to sail near the coastlines

D．Countries should build more oil pipelines under the sea

The Chinese word"Shanzhai" means a small mountain village， but now it becomes an accepted name for fakes(假货) after" Shanzhai cell phones " produced by small workshops in southern China ，became popular in the mainland market over the past few years.

Besides" Shanzhai" electronic products， there are "Shanzhai" movies， "Shanzhai" stars and even a "Shanzhai" Spring Festival Gala， a copy of the 25-year-old traditional show presented by CCTV on Chinese Lunar New Year's Eve.

" Shanzhai" has become a culture of its own，symbolizing anything that imitates something famous.

The phenomenon has caused a public debate over whether it is healthy or sick being a copycat.

In southwestern China's Chongqing Municipality，a "Shanzhai" -version"Bird’s Nest" woven by farmers with bamboo attracts wide attention and the"Shanzhai"-version "Water Cube"is popular with tourists too. Both are copies of the famous Olympics buildings in Beijing.

Xie Xizhang，a literature critic，said that taking the "Shanzhai" Gala as an example， when the traditional CCTV program becomes less and less attractive to the audience， the "Shanzhai" version appears naturally to attract people.

"In spite of its poor techniques and operation， ‘Shanzhai’ culture meets the psychological demands of common people and could be a comfort to their minds," Xie said.

Tian Huiqun，a professor at Beijing Normal University，said that "Shanzhai" culture never copies classic things，only trendy products. In that sense，it's like a computer virus， multiplying without meaning.

Though controversial，"Shanzhai" culture is becoming a widely accepted phenomenon.

"To the mainstream culture, the rise of ‘Shanzhai' culture is a challenge as well as a motivation，" said Xie.

Tian said different kinds of cultures developing together is an ideal situation and it is for the public to choose.

1.The Chinese word "Shanzhai" may have its origin in .

A．fake cell phones	B．electronic products
C．Spring Festival Gala	D．Olympics buildings

2.The underlined word "imitates" is closest in meaning to

A．steals

B．copies

C．advertises

D．cheats

3.According to the passage，"Shanzhai" culture refers to .

A．the action that a person imitates famous people

B．anything that imitates something famous

C．those similar names to famous brands

D．products with poor techniques and quality

4.According to Xie Xizhang ,the mainstream culture .

A．will be held back by "Shanzhai"culture

B．will sooner or later be replaced by "Shanzhai" culture

C．may develop faster because of the challenging of "Shanzhai" culture

D．thinks nothing of the challenge of"Shanzhai"culture

5.Which of the following might be the best title of the passage?

A．" Shanzhai" culture will definitely fade out

B．"Shanzhai" culture-the mountain village culture

C．"Shanzhai" culture-the mainstream culture

D．"Shanzhai" culture takes on life of its own

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