Question

【题目】 “The U．S.Food and Drug Administration(FDA)is considering to put stricter limits over tanning salons(晒黑廊)and wants to ban anyone younger than 18 years of age from using a tanning bed，”an advisory panel(专家团)announced last week.

The panel is calling for tighter controls on the industry such as requiring teenagers to get the approval from their parents before using tanning beds or limiting the use of artificial tanning to a certain age.“Given the absence of any demonstrated benefits，I think it is an obligation for us to ban artificial tanning for those under 18，”said panelist Dr.Michael Olding.

Along with a possible ban for teenagers，the panel also recommended that visible warning labels should be placed either on the tanning machines or in the salons in order to caution tanners of the possible dangers.In addition，the committee decided that stricter regulations and classifications were critical to make the machines safer.At this time the machines are categorized as FDA Class 1 devices，the ones that are least likely to cause harm.In case the FDA decided to change their classification from Class 1 to Class 2，as advised by the panel，the FDA could limit the levels of radiation the machines emit.Class 2 devices include Xray machines and powered wheelchairs.

Getting a tan，whether from a tanning bed or the sun，increases the risk of developing skin cancer.Last year，the World Health Organization's International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC)declared tanning beds as “carcinogenic(致癌的)to humans”．It was discovered that young individuals in their teens and 20s who use tanning beds on a regular basis have a 75per cent higher risk of suffering from melanoma(黑素瘤)，the deadliest form of skin cancer.According to the American Cancer Society，melanoma accounted for nearly 69,000 cases of skin cancer in 2009 and will account for most (about 8,650)of the 11,590 mortality cases due to skin cancer each year.

【1】According to the passage，what measures will U．S.FDA most probably take?

A．Banning tanning salons.

B．Posing heavier tax over tanning salons.

C．Having tighter controls over tanning salons.

D．Limiting the number of tanning salons in every state.

【2】Which of the following suggestions for making tanning salons safer is NOT mentioned?

A．Visible caution.

B．Setting age limit.

C．Professional personnel.

D．Parental approval for teenagers.

【3】What does the writer want to express in the last paragraph?

A．Tanning in one's youth may mean death.

B．Tanning in the sun is safer than on the tanning bed.

C．People should get tanned without getting melanoma.

D．Getting tanned is only a good idea for those above thirty years old.

【4】What will most probably happen，if the advisory panel's suggestions are adopted and put into practice?

A．Fewer people will suffer from skin cancer.

B．Tanning salons will have more customers.

C．Getting a tan in a tanning salon will cost less.

D．Parents will be more anxious about their tanning children.

Answer 1

【答案】【1】C

【2】C

【3】A

【4】A

【解析】随着人们审美观的变化， 越来越多的人希望自己拥有健康的古铜色皮肤。于是日光浴和晒黑廊相应而生。晒黑真的能使人拥有健康的皮肤吗？专家告诉我们并非如此。针对这种情况，美国食品药物管理局又会做何行动呢？

【1】事实细节题。由第一段第一句可知，FDA正在考虑对晒黑廊设置更严限制，并禁止18岁以下的青少年使用晒黑床。

【2】事实细节题。第二段的第一句提到了征得父母同意和年龄限制的规定。第三段第一句提到了visible warning labels。只有专业人士(professional personnel)没有被提出来使晒黑廊成为更为安全的场所。

【3】推理判断题。作者在最后一段中显示，不管是日光浴还是使用晒黑床，都极易生长黑素瘤——最致命的皮肤癌。所以A项正确。

【4】推理判断题。由文章可知，专家团的建议是禁止18岁以下的青少年使用晒黑床，并在机器上或晒黑廊里张贴晒黑可能导致的危害的警告。这些建议一旦被接受并实现，自然使进行日光浴或使用晒黑床的人数会减少，这也相应减少了患皮肤癌的人数。