as animals, the children came on the stage and started to perform.A.WornB.WearingC.DressedD.Dressed in 题目和参考答案——青夏教育精英家教网—

The high noise of modern life may affect speech and language development in the very young, according to a study that found the auditory (听觉的) parts of the brains of young mice are slower to organize properly in the presence of continuous sounds.

Researchers at the University of California, San Francisco, reared a group of rats in an environment of continuous background noise and found that their brain circuits that receive and interpret (解释) sound did not develop at the same rate as animals that were raised in a quieter environment.?

Edward F. Chang and Michael Merzenich, co-authors of the study appearing in the journal Science, said that the continuous noise delayed the organization of auditory neurons (神经细胞) during a critical two-to-three-week period after the rat pups were born.?

For rats not exposed to the noise, the auditory cortex(皮层) neurons during this period gathered into a smaller area and began developing a selective response to sounds.?

But for the noise?exposed rats, this organization was slowed, causing a delay in the development of the ability to discriminate(辨别) specific sound tones. The researchers said it took three or four times longer for the rats raised in a noisy environment to reach the basic bench marks (基准) of auditory development seen in the rat pups not exposed to noises.?

Although the rat is not a perfect model for what happens in humans, the authors note, the study does suggest that high levels of noise might possibly affect some language learning in babies.?

“These findings suggest that environmental noise, which is commonly present in contemporary child-rearing environments, can potentially contribute to auditory and language-related development delays,”the authors wrote in Science.?

The authors noted that although the brain development was delayed in rats exposed to the noise, their brains did eventually mature (成熟的) normally.?

The scientists at California University studied rats_______.?

A. of different age groups B. with different habits?

C. in different environments D. from different areas?

The rats exposed to noise, compared to those not exposed, _______.?

A. were more sensitive B. were duller?

C. grew up more slowly D. gathered together more quickly

The result of the research mainly tells us that noise _______.

A. delays brain development B. stops baby growth

C. affects speech and language D. destroys brains?

The findings of the research are said to have special connections with _______.

A. causes of noises B. medical science?

C. other living things D. human babies??

On a hot African morning, Leila was lying on her stomach and an elephant was walking towards her. Leila waited. Then she pushed the button on her camera. “And I got my best photo of an elephant ever, by lying under my car,” Leila explained. “I wanted to get close to the elephants, but of course this was dangerous; they had their babies with them. So every morning I used to park my car in the open near the path (小道). They used to take the same path every morning when they left the water hole. After a week, they were used to seeing my car. So the next morning, I lay under it and got my photo!”
Many of the best wildlife photos come from good planning. In Africa, photographers set up their hides (隐匿处) near water holes. They also set up hides near forest paths, as animals use the same paths every night. For bird-watching, many lakes have hides. Inside the hides, bird-watchers can watch all day in the shade (荫处) out of the wind and rain.
Good wildlife photos are needed for books, postcards, magazines and newspapers. But a success rate of 1 in 20 is good.
【小题1】Why did Leila lie under her car on the stomach?

A．Because she wanted to sleep.

B．Because she wanted to take photos but was afraid of the animals.

C．Because it’s easy to see the elephants.

D．Because it’s very comfortable.

【小题2】How can photograpers take good photos?

A．By making good preparation.	B．By going into the forest at night.
C．By walking around the holes.	D．By going to the nearest lake.

【小题3】Which of the following statements is right according to the passage?

A．All animals go to water holes at night.

B．Lakes are good places for bird-watching.

C．Leila used her car to prevent the sunshine.

D．Animaals pay no attention to photographers.

【小题4】What can we know from the underlined sentence?

A．The successf rate of taking wildlife photos is 50% at most.

B．Photographers who take wildlife photos need more practice.

C．To take good wildlife photos is not difficult.

D．It’s hard to take good wildlife photos.

Once upon a time, on an isolated island in the Java sea, lived short people who dominated(支配, 占优势) the food chain. Standing no more than three and a half feet tall, these human ancestors hunted giant rats, lumbering lizards（笨拙的蜥蜴), and miniature elephants.

It sounds a bit like a fairy tale, but it's true. Unearthed relics on the island uncovered the remains of a race of tiny human ancestors. Homo floresiensis, as the newly discovered species has been named, apparently could date back to 13,000 years ago. This means they have a lot in common with modern humans.

So how and why did these people get so small? Scientists suspect that it's due to the fact that this race lived on an isolated island with limited resources. Take the miniature elephants for example. When elephants first came to the island either by swimming or by some kind of natural land raft, they were probably close to full size. But since there wasn't much to eat, over time smaller elephants lived longer and better. The smaller the elephant was, the less it had to eat to stay strong and healthy.

Scientists call this the "island role", and it can apply to humans as well as animals. Given the island's sparse(稀少) food supply, it makes sense that the early humans living there would have evolved (进化) a body size requiring less food to survive. So bigger isn't always better. In the floresiensis, at least, getting smaller was the way to go.

1.According to the passage, the fact Homo floresiensis are very small is based on________.

A. the islanders in the Java Sea B. the human ancestors

C. a newspaper report D. the unearthed relics

2.The underlined word "miniature" in the first paragraph most probably means______.

A. tiny B. active C. rare D. wild

3.People on the island got so small because____________.

A. they gradually developed for lack of food.

B. they did not have enough food to eat.

C. they shared less food with elephants.

D. they remained alive as the elephants.

4.What might be the most suitable title of the passage?

A. The history of short people B. Short people on an isolated island

C. The proofs on short people D. Short people from a fairy tale

5.According to the passage, getting smaller can make people and animals ____

A. run quickly B. live weaker C. live longer D. run slowly

完形填空（共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分）

请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

Most people think of birds as feathered animals that fly. Scientists, 36 , do not define (给…下定义) birds as animals that fly, because some birds do not. Of the 10,000 or so species of birds, 46 cannot 37 . Flight plays a key role in 38 for most birds. It allows them to find food over a 39 area and to get away from enemies. Ancestors of flightless birds may have 40 their ability to fly because they had no regular predators (捕食者) or did not need to fly to find food. Rather than fly, some of these birds developed other 41 to catch food and avoid enemies. Two examples of 42 birds are penguins and ostriches.

43 birds that fly, penguins do not have wide wings or large feathers. In order to catch the fish they feed on, penguins use their powerful wings to swim 44 . And when they swim, they look as if they are flying through the water. The 45 of penguins’ bodies makes it possible for them to dive deep underwater, 46 their thick feathers protect them from the cold.

Ostriches are known for their long legs, long necks, and large size. To 47 themselves, they stay in groups and use their excellent sight and hearing to 48 enemies. As soon as 49 approaches, they can run at a speed of more than 65 kilometers per hour to 50 . In addition to using their strong legs to run, they can kick powerfully.

Not all flightless birds have been 51 in protecting themselves. Flightless birds on some islands had no enemies until people 52 . These birds were hunted and easily caught by people and the animals 53 by people. Human land development has 54 the habitats of some birds. A number of flightless birds 55 because they were unable to adapt to new conditions and new enemies.

1. A．thus B．however C．therefore D．otherwise

2. A．stand B．fly C．hear D．sing

3. A．growth B．communication C．health D．survival

4. A．wide B．familiar C．crowded D．special

5. A．developed B．improved C．lost D．proved

6. A．parts B．habits C．ways D．tools

7. A．wild B．interesting C．rare D．flightless

8. A．Instead of B．Because of C．Besides D．Unlike

9. A．quickly B．carefully C．differently D．gradually

10. A．shape B．color C．bone D．skin

11. A．if B．and C．but D．so

12. A．help B．feed C．protect D．hide

13. A．kill B．notice C．confuse D．frighten

14. A．dawn B．darkness C．danger D．food

15. A．look B．escape C．move D．fight

16. A．successful B．natural C．unusual D．positive

17. A．realized B．acted C．stopped D．arrived

18. A．brought B．found C．bought D．hunted

19. A．provided B．formed C．destroyed D．controlled

20. A．flew away B．watched out C．gave away D．died out

How men first learnt to invent words is unknown; in other words, the origin of language is a mystery． All we really know is that men, unlike animals, somehow invented certain sounds to express thoughts and feelings, actions and things, so that they could communicate with each other; and that later they agreed upon certain signs, called letters． These letters could be combined to represent those sounds, and which could be written down． Those sounds, whether spoken, or written in letters, we call words．

The power of words, then, lies in their associations---the things they bring up before our

minds． Words become filled with meaning for us by experience, and the longer we live, the more certain words recall to us the glad and sad events of our past; and the more we read and learn, the more the number of words that mean something to us increases． Great writers are those who not only have great thoughts but also express these thoughts in words which appeal powerfully to our minds and emotions． This charming and telling use of words is what we call literary style． Above all, the real poet is a master of words． He can convey his meaning in words which sing like music and which by their position and association can move men to tears． We should therefore learn to choose our words carefully and use them accurately, or they will make our speech silly and vulgar（粗俗的)．

1.Which is TRUE about the origin of language?

A．Men, as well as animals, in vented certain sounds to express thoughts．

B．The origin of language is a complicated question．

C．Words did not haven written form, at first．

D．Words were invented to represent meanings．

2.The power of words lies in ．

A．the fact that it can associate the things in the world with the ideas in our minds．

B．the fact that once word is connected with another

C．the fact that it can associate one person with another

D．the fact that it can recall to us the events of our past

3.The following statements are true EXCEPT that ．

A．the more we read and learn, the larger our vocabulary will be

B．the longer we live, the number of words that mean something to us increases

C．words can be used to represent various meanings

D．literary style is usually very charming

4.What does this passage primarily concern?

A．The Meaning of Words．

B．The Characteristics of Words．

C．The Origin of Words．

D．The Power of Words．

______as animals, the children came on the stage and started to perform.

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