题目内容


At a laboratory in Germany ,volunteers slide into a machine and perform simple tasks, such as deciding whether to add or subtract two numbers , or choosing which of two buttons to press.
They have no idea that scientists in the next room are trying to read their minds-using a brain scan to figure out their intention before it is turned into action.
In the past ,scientists had been able to detect decisions about making physical movements before those movements appeared .But researchers at Berlin's Bernstein Center for Computational Neuroscience claim they have now , for the first time ,identified people's decisions about how they would later do a high-level mental activity-in this case ,adding versus subtracting.
While still in its initial stages ,the techniques may eventually have wide-ranging implications for everything from criminal questioning to airline security checks.
The research,which began in July 2005,has been of limited scope:only 21 people have been tested so far.And the 71 percent accuracy rate is only about 20 percent more successful than random selection.
Still ,the research conducted at the Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences in Leipzig ,about 150 kilometers southwest of Berlin ,has been generating strong interest in the scientific community.
In one study ,participants were told to decide whether to add or subtract two numbers a few seconds before the numbers were flashed on a screen . Meanwhile ,a computer captured images of their brain waves to predict the subject's decision-with one pattern suggesting addition, and another subtraction.
The team ,headed by Haynes ,began its research by trying to identify which part of the mind was storing intentions. They discovered it was found in the prefrontal cortex region by scanning the brain to look for bursts of activity when subjects were given choices.
Then they went about studying which type of patterns were associated with different intentions.
"If you knew which thought signatures to look for ,you could theoretically predict in more detail what people were going to do in the future," said Haynes.
75.Which of the following is true about the experiment at the laboratory?
A.The volunteers are asked to perform very complicated tasks.
B.Everything was explained to the volunteers before the experiment.
C.The volunteers cannot see the scientists while performing the tasks.
D.The volunteers started the experiment by pressing one of the two buttons.
76.Which of the following demonstrates the major breakthrough made by the German scientists?
A.By studying the subjects' brain waves , they know what physical movements they'll make.
B.By studying the subjects' brain waves, they know what mental task they'll perform.
C.By studying criminals' brain waves ,they can help find out whether they are lying or not.
D.By studying passengers' brain waves ,they can help find out who intends to make trouble.
77.In the research which began in July 2005 only______subjects' brains were scanned and the accuracy rate was______.
A.21; 20%      B.71;20%       C.21;71%       D.20;71%
78.The group of scientists in Leiqzig were doing______what the group in Berlin were doing.
A.similar research to                  B.better research than
C.completely different things from        D.a less satisfactory job than
79.The term thought signatures in the last paragraph refers to______.
A.the subjects' intentions       B.the subjects' physical movements
C.parts of the human brain    D.the human brain wave patterns
80.From the information in the passage, it can be concluded that in the future______.
A.the intentions of people can be predicted accurately
B.it's impossible to predict accurately the intentions of people
C.no one in the world will dare to tell lies to other people
D.everyone will easily know what others are thinking about


【小题1】C
【小题2】B
【小题3】C
【小题4】A
【小题5】D
【小题6】A

解析

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The market is a concept. If you are growing tomatoes in your backyard for sale you are producing for the market. You might sell some to your neighbor and some to the local manager of the supermarket. But in either case, you are producing for the market. Your efforts are being directed by the market. If people stop buying tomatoes, you will stop producing them.

If you take care of a sick person to earn money, you are producing for the market. If your father is a steel worker or a truck driver or a doctor or a grocer, he is producing goods or service for the market.

When you spend your income, you are buying things from the market. You may spend money in stores, supermarkets, gas stations and restaurants. Still you are buying from the market. When the local grocer hires you to drive the delivery truck, he is buying your labor in the labor market.

The market may be something abstract (抽象的). But for each person or business that is making and selling something, it is very concrete. If nobody buys your tomatoes, it won’t be long before you get the message. The market is telling you something. It is telling you that you are using energies and resources in doing something the market doesn’t want you to do.

Which of the following would be the best title of the passage?

A. Selling and Buying.               B. Everything you do is producing for the market.

C. What is the market?               D. What the market can do for you.

All of the following acts are producing for the market except________.

A. working in a bank                         B. volunteering at a nursing home

C. driving a taxi                    D. growing beans for sale

You are buying from the market when you________.

A. borrow a book from the library           B. drive to the seaside for a holiday

C. look after your children            D. dine at restaurant

The word “concrete” in the last paragraph may most probably mean________.

A. serious             B. important              C. necessary         D. real

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1.The information you read above is probably about ______.

A. a museum    B. a cinema       C. a park           D. a cafe

2.How much do they have to pay in total if a family, including grandparents, parents and a child of 8, go together on the last Sunday of November 2013?

A. $0.       B. $25.     C. $30.    D. $35.

3.You won't be refused at the door if you go there at ______.

A. Thanksgiving Day                    B. Christmas Day

C. 6 p.m. on a Thursday of July           D. 6 p.m. on a Tuesday of August

4.Which of the following statements is TRUE?

A. Children under the age of 7 do not have to pay.

B. It is possible for the disabled to go there on wheelchairs.

C. Visitors have to pay some extra money for the evening programs.

D. There are definitely no more discounts besides those listed here.                                                   

 

Department stores sell ready- to-wear clothing, which is also called ready-made clothing. Such clothing is made in fixed sizes. Those people who find that ready-made clothing fits them well can save money by buying it. Most often, people do not fit exactly into a producer’s size. Their clothing must be altered to make it fit better. However, most alterations are not very expensive. The small cost of most alterations means that ready-made clothing can meet the needs of most customers.
Those who can afford it often get someone to design and make their clothing. Such clothing is called custom-made. The person who makes it measures the customer, and then sews it so that it fits perfectly. Alterations are not needed. Custom-made clothing is largely sewn by hand, has better quality, better material, and is of the style you have chosen. Of course, it costs much more than ready-to-wear clothing. You need to pay the difference for the special fitting and better skill that you are receiving. This often means that you spend double or more than you would for a ready-made garment.
Custom-made clothing is not always that much better than ready-made clothing. It costs more partly because only one garment has been made, just for you. Companies that produce ready-made products make thousands of garments at a time. This means they can buy large quantities of material. Workers cut each size by the hundreds. Companies work out ways to make the garments quickly by machine and pay workers according to their skill. Thus they can sell the finished products at a low price while still making money. Most of the clothing sold in the United States is made in this way. Customers gain from the lower prices which are made possible by mass production. It may or may not give them high quality.

  1. 1.

    According to the passage, people who buy ready-made clothing ______.

    1. A.
      wish to make alternations
    2. B.
      will spend less money
    3. C.
      want to make it better
    4. D.
      can fit into the sizes
  2. 2.

    We can learn from the passage that custom-made clothing is_______.

    1. A.
      specially made
    2. B.
      fashionably designed
    3. C.
      chosen by few people
    4. D.
      made with difficulties
  3. 3.

    Which of the following is true about ready-made clothing?

    1. A.
      It is of poor quality.
    2. B.
      It suits all people.
    3. C.
      It is labor-saving to make it.
    4. D.
      It takes more time to make it
  4. 4.

    The purpose of the writer is _______.

    1. A.
      to explain why custom-made clothing costs more
    2. B.
      to show the advantages of mass production
    3. C.
      to tell readers how to make money from ready-made clothing
    4. D.
      to provide information about different kinds of clothing

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