单词拼写(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)

根据下列句子及所给汉字注释或首字母提示,在句子后边的横线上,写出空缺处各单词的正确形式。(每空只写一词)

As parents, you should       (教育)your children to be polite to others.           

She ______(遭受)from loneliness when studying abroad.  

               

Many top leaders are         (担心,关心)about the shortage of water.

              

It takes at least a week to        (恢复,痊愈)from the HINI flu.                    

My grandpa is ______(喜欢)of fishing and sometimes he fishes all day in the river.                                                                              

The flood did a lot of       (损害)to the crops.       

            

He       (承认)making that terrible mistake.           

             

I am       (决心)to do better than Mike and I am sure I will.                

He asked his wife’s       (观点,意见)on every important decision.             

Few birds managed to       (幸存,活过)the cold winter.

             

They s       every room for the missing paper.           

             

J       from what he said, he must be an honest man.     

             

After g       from university, he worked as a newspaper reporter.              

There is no d       that he stole the papers.                                

Kate didn’t want to attend the party, but she was p       to come at last.

        


Howling(吼叫) is a behavior commonly observed among a wolf pack(狼群). As pack animals, wolves work together to hunt and rely on howling as an important means of communication among each other. There’re different explanations of a wolf’s howl and it appears that there may be more to discover.
One theory is that wolves howl to bond better together. It’s almost as if howling together helps the pack stay together. Perhaps something similar to people feeling a sense of involvement with each other when singing a song together. But this theory may be wrong, explains Fred H. Harrington, a professor who studies wolf behavior.
Indeed, there have been times when wolves have been seen one moment howling in a chorus(合唱), and the next, quarreling among each other. It appears that usually the lowest-ranking members of the pack may actually be “punished” for joining in the chorus at times. So is howling a way to strengthen a social bond or just a way to reconfirm status (地位) among its members? Why do wolves howl for sure?
What is clear, however, is that howling is often used among pack mates to locate each other. Hunting grounds are distant and it happens that wolves may separate from one another at times. When this happens, howling appears to be an excellent means of gathering.
Howling, interestingly, is a contagious behavior. When one wolf starts to howl, very likely others will follow. This is often seen to occur in the morning, as if wolves were doing some sort of “roll call” where wolves all howl together to report their
【小题1】What is the possible similarity between wolves’ howling together and human’s singing in chorus?

A.The act of calling each other.
B.The sense of accomplishment.
C.The act of hunting for something.
D.The sense of belonging to a group.
【小题2】Why does Harrington think the “social bond” theory may be wrong?
A.Wolves separate from each other after howling.
B.Wolves tend to protect their hunting grounds.
C.Wolves sometimes have quarrels after howling together.
D.Wolves of low rank are encouraged to join in the chorus.
【小题3】Researchers are sure that wolves often howl to______.
A.show their ranks B.find their companions
C.report the missing onesD.express their loneliness
【小题4】“Howling… is a contagious behaviour”(in the last paragraph)means_______.
A.howling is a signal for hunting
B.howling is a way of communication
C.howling often occurs in the morning
D.howling spreads from one to another

The vitamins necessary for a healthy body are normally supplied by a good mixed diet, including a variety of fruits and green vegetables. It is only when people try to live on a very restricted diet, say that when trying to lose weight, that it is necessary to make special provisions to supply the missing vitamins.
An example of the dangers of a restricted diet may be seen in the disease known as "beri-beri", which used to make large numbers of Eastern people who lived mainly on rice suffer. In the early years of last century, a Dutch scientist named Eijkman was trying to discover the cause of beri-beri. At first he thought it was transmitted by a germ (病菌) . He was working in a Japanese hospital, where the patients were fed on polished rice which had had the outer coverings removed from the grain, it was thought this would be easier for weak and sick people to digest.
Eijkman thought his germ theory was proved when he noticed the chickens in the hospital yard, which were fed on remains from the patients' plates, were also showing signs of the disease. He then tried to separate the germ, which he thought was causing the disease, but his experiments were interrupted by a hospital official, who ordered that the rice without coverings, even though left over by the patients, was too good for chickens. It should be recooked for the patients, and the chickens should be fed on cheap, rough rice with the outer coverings still on the grain.
Eijkman noticed that the chickens began to recover on the new diet. He began to consider the possibility that eating unmilled rice (糙米) somehow prevented or cured beri-beri--even that a lack of some ingredient (成分) in the coverings may be the cause of the disease. Indeed this was the case. The element needed to prevent beri-beri was shortly afterwards separated from rice coverings and is now known as vitamin B. The milled rice, though more expensive, was in fact causing the disease the hospital was trying to cure. Nowadays, this terrible disease is much less common thanks to our knowledge of vitamins.
【小题1】What does the underlined word restricted mean?

A.balancedB.limitedC.diverseD.complex
【小题2】What do we know about the disease beri-beri?
A.It killed large numbers of people.
B.It resulted from lack of vitamins.
C.It was transmitted by milled rice.
D.It was caused by diseased chickens.
【小题3】The ingredient missing from milled rice          .
A.was vitamin BB.did not affect the chickens
C.did not result in beri-beriD.was named the Eijkman vitamin
【小题4】What can be the best title of the passage?
A.A Good Mixed DietB.The New Discovery of Eijkman
C.The Dangers of Beri-beriD.The Importance of Vitamins

第三部分阅读理解(共两节,满分40分)

第一节(共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分)

  阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

A

  Soon it may be harder to stop and smell the roses.

  Growing levels of air pollution from power plants and automobiles have reduced flower fragrances (芬芳) by up to 90 percent in the US.That is compared with pre-industrial levels,a new study has found.

  The trend is unpleasant for human noses,but may be life - threatening for bees and butterflies.

  "Many insects find flowers by folowing the scent(香味) produced by those flowers," said the studies lead author Jose D.Fuentes,an environmental scientist at the University of Virginia.

  "The increasing pollution makes it difficult for them to locate the flowers and feed on their nectar(花蜜)."

  Scientists have alrady known that flowers produce scent molecules(分子) that bond with pollutants.The process breaks down the plants' sweet smell.

  With more pollution in the air,the scent molecules don't remain effective as long and travel shorter distances on the wind.

  The new study suggests that in the mid - 19th century,when pollution levels were first recorded,scent molecules would have been able to travel some 1,000 to 1,200 meters.

  Today,in the polluted air found downwind of large cities,scentst may only make it some 200 to 300 meters.

  The report was recently published in the journal,Atmospheric Environment.

  Bee farmers have reported that bee populations are dropping dramatically in many parts of the world in recent years. Could these missing scents be a factor?

  Scientists trying to hind the cause of bee population declines have blamed bacteria,pesticides,and even cellphone radiation.

  Jay Evans,an entomologist(昆虫学者) at the US Department of Agriculture's bee research laboratory,was interested in the new study.But he says he hasn't seen bee behavior that suggests trouble with scents.

  "Over the last couple of summers I don't think the bees in this area were bringing in much less food,"he said.

  "It might be that they had to work harder,but it seems like as long as there were bees to collect food they were finding flowers somewhere."

  But Fuentes fears that the fading smell of flowers may stress insects that are already faced with other threats.

  "The effects shown in these studies will simply exacerbate whatever the bees are going through right now,"he said.

  "It's something that is really worthwhile paying attention to."

  56.What's the passage mainly about?

   A.How greatly air plooution affects our lives.

   B.Effects of air pollution on bee populations.

   C.Measures to fight air pollution.

   D.The rapid decline of bee populations in the world.

  57.According to the passage,Jay Evans probably agrees that ______ .

   A.bees are the insect that suffers most from air pollution

   B.bees are at risk of dying out owing to air pollution

   C.the fading smell of flowers doesn't affect bees so greatly as was thought

   D.as is often the case,bees fail to locate the flowers because of the missing scents

  58.The word"exacerbate" in the last paragraph but one probably means ______.

   A.worsen B.improve C.get rid of D.decrease

  59.Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?

   A.The more air pollution there is in a region,the greater the destruction of the flower scents.

   B.Bacteria,pesticides,and cellphone radiation are blamed for causing the decline of bees.

   C.The scent molecules produced by flowers in a less polluted environment oculd travel longer and farther.

   D.Air pollution does more harm to insects such as bees and butterflies than human beings.

 

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