B

Today we’ll talk about reading.When we read a text,our eyes move across a page in short,quick movements.We recognize words usually when our eyes still fixate(停留,凝视).Each time they fixate,we see a group of words.This is known as the recognition span or the visual span(视幅).The length of time for which the eyes stop varies from person to person.It also varies within any parson according to his purpose in reading and his familiarity with the text.In addition,it can be affected by such factors as lighting and tiredness.

Unfortunately,in the past,many reading improvement courses have concentrated too much on how our eyes move across the page.As a result of this misleading emphasis(强调)on the purely visual aspects of reading,many exercises have been designed to train the eyes to see more words at one fixation.For example,in some exercises,words are flashed on to a screen for a tenth of a second.One of the exercises has required students to fix their eyes on some central point,taking in the words on either side.Such word patterns are often formed in the shape of pyramids(金字塔),so the reader takes in more and more words at each successive(连续的)fixation.All these exercises are very clever,but it' s one thing to improve a person’s ability to see words and quite another thing to improve his ability to read a text efficiently.Reading requires the ability to understand the relationship between words.Consequently,for these reasons,many experts have now begun to question the usefulness of eye training,especially since any approach which trains a person to read isolated(孤立的)words and phrases would seem unlikely to help him in reading a continuous text.

1.The time of the recognition span can be affected by the following factors except ______________.

A.1ighting and tiredness

B. the length of a group of words

C.one’s purpose in reading

D.one’s familiarity with the text

2.The author may believe that reading ______________.

A.requires a reader to take in more words at each fixation

B.requires a reader to see words more quickly

C.demands a deeply-participating mind

D.demands more eyes than mind

3.What does the author mean by the underlined sentence in the second paragraph?

A.The ability to see words is not needed for an efficient reading.

B.The reading exercises mentioned are useless for reading.

C.The reading exercises mentioned can’t help improve reading.

D.The reading exercises mentioned have done a great job so far.

4.Which of the following is NOT true? _______________.

A.The visual span is a word or a group of words we see each time

B.Many experts began to question the efficiency of eye training

C.The emphasis on the purely visual aspects is misleading

D.The eye training will help readers in reading a continuous text

5.The tune of the author in writing this text is _________________.

A.critical B.neutral

C.supportive D.optimistic

D

Science can't explain the power of pets, but many studies have shown that the company of pets can help lower blood pressure (血压) and raise chances of recovering from a heart attack, reduce loneliness and spread all-round good cheer.

Any owner will tell you how much joy a pet brings. For some, an animal provides more comfort than a husband/wife. A 2002 study by Karen Allen of the State University of New York measured stress (紧张) levels and blood pressure in people - half of them pet owners –while they performed 5 minutes of mental arithmetic (算术) or held a hand in ice water. Subjects completed the tasks alone, with a husband/wife, a close friend or with a pet. People with pets did it best. Those tested with their animal friends had smaller change in blood pressure and returned most quickly to baseline heart rates. With pets in the room, people also made fewer math mistakes than when doing in front of other companions. It seems people feel more relaxed (放松)around pets, says Allen, who thinks it may be because pets don't judge.

A study reported last fall suggests that having a pet dog not only raises your spirits but may also have an effect on your eating habits. Researchers at Northwestern Memorial Hospital spent a year studying 36 fat people and their equally fat dogs on diet-and-exercise programs; a separate group of 56 people without pets were put on a diet program. On average, people lost about I1 pounds, or 5% of their body weight. Their dogs did even better, losing an average of 12 pounds, more than 15% of their body weight. Dog owners didn't lose any more weight than those without dogs but, say researchers, got more exercise overall-mostly with their dogs - and found it worth doing.

1.What does the text mainly discuss?

A.What pets bring to their owners.

B.How pets help people calm down.

C.People's opinions of keeping pets.

D.Pet's value in medical research.

2.We learn from the text that a person with heart disease has a better chance of getting well if

A.he has a pet companion

B.he has less stress of work

C.he often does mental arithmetic

D.he is taken care of by his family

3.According to Allen, why did the people do better with pets around when facing stressful tasks?

A.They have lower blood pressure.

B.They become more patient.

C.They are less nervous.

D.They are in higher spirits.

4.The research mentioned in the last paragraph reports that

A.people with dogs did more exercise

B.dogs lost the same weight as people did

C.dogs liked exercise much more than people did

D.people without dogs found the program unhelpful

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