题目内容
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III．阅读(共两节，满分40分)
第一节：阅读理解(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C、和D)中选出最佳选项。
Qian Xuesen is one of the pioneers of China's space science. As a world-famous expert on aerospace rockets and aerodynamics, he obtained great achievements in the areas of applied mechanics, engineering cybernetics and system engineering and made distinguished contributions to the foundation and development of Chinese aerospace undertaking(事业).
Graduated from Shanghai Jiaotong University in 1934, Qian Xuesen went to the United States to study in MIT, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, one year later. After receiving master's degree in MIT, he went to study in California Institute of Technology and received PhD degrees in both aerospace and mathematics.
In 1955, six years after the founding of People's Republic of China, Qian Xuesen returned to his motherland. His return brought China the hope of developing space science and its own missiles.
In 1956, Qian Xuesen put forward “Proposal on the Development of China's Aviation Industry for National Defense”. With the support from Zhou Enlai, the premier, and marshal Nie Rongzheng, Qian Xuesen began to prepare for the establishment of China's first missile and rocket research and development structure, the Fifth Research Institute of State Ministry of Defense. Henceforth（从此以后）, he has long been in charge of the chief technological research and development of China's missile, rocket and spacecraft.
Due to research and development led by Qian Xuesen, China successfully exploded its first atom bomb in 1964. Later, China launched its first man-made satellite, Dong Fang Hong I, to the earth orbit on April 24, 1970, becoming the fifth country in the world to independently launch satellite following the former Union of Soviet Socialist Republics, the USA, France and Japan. The satellite floated around the earth, blaring（高声播放） the song Dong Fang Hong, which has the same name as the satellite.
As a forerunner leading the development of China's aerospace science and technology, Qian Xuesen also provided chances for young scientists. Wang Yongzhi, former chief designer of China's manned-space project, has benefited a lot from Qian Xuesen. “He suggested that rocket of the second generation should be developed by our second generation scientists. This suggestion gave us chances to be general designers.” Recalling the experience working with Qian Xuesen, Sun Jiadong, general designer of China's lunar orbiter project, is very grateful. “He put great expectation on us and trusted us a lot. Whenever we made mistakes, he seldom blamed us, but helped us to find out the reason so we could avoid it in the future.”
Honored as Father of China's Missile and King of Rockets, Qian Xuesen never stopped his work on scientific research after he retired. He said he had no time to review the past, but looked forward to the future.
41. When did Qian xuesen begin to study in Massachusetts Institute of Technology?________
A. In 1955. B. In 1935. C. In 1936. D. In 1934.
42. Which of the following is about the five countries that launched man-made satellite independently before 1970?
A. The former Union of Soviet Socialist Republics, the UK, France, China and Japan.
B. The former Union of Soviet Socialist Republics, the USA, Japan, Canada and China.
C. America, France, Japan, China and Australia.
D. The former Union of Soviet Socialist Republics, America, France, Japan and China.
43. What does the underlined word “forerunner”(Paragraph 6) probably mean?
A. A leader. B. A pioneer. C. A competitor. D. A successful scientist.
44. According to the passage, which of the following about Qian Xuesen is NOT true?
A. In 1956, he made good preparations for the Fifth Research Institute of State Ministry of Defense.
B. He made outstanding contributions to the establishment and development of Chinese aerospace undertaking.
C. He returned to China, bringing China the hope of developing space science and its own missiles.
D. He devoted all his life to China’s space science.
45. It can be inferred from Paragraph 6 that ______.
A. Qian Xuesen is very concerned about the development of young scientists.
B. The help of Qian Xuesen is beneficial to young scientists.
C. Qian Xuesen gives many opportunities to general designers.
D. When the chief designers do something wrong, Qian Xuesen helps them find out the cause.
41 B 42 D 43 B 44 A 45 A
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The book, which received wide media coverage in China and now has a waiting list for its second print run, is certainly timely: it plays into a growing debate in China about what national universities should be teaching. The country needs a workforce with the skills and creativity to help move away from low-cost manufacturing and, in economic terms, move up the value chain. And some educators believe liberal-arts training is vital to help China deal with its increasingly complex new realities. Yet the well-known intellectual historian Xu Jilin believes that China’s rapid expansion of higher education has had a detrimental effect on curriculum as the country’s universities race to compete globally. “Education these days in like factory-farming chickens,” he says. “Universities all wan to get into international rakings—and most of these depend on research. They’re not interested in providing a unique education for our kids.”
The book, which received wide media coverage in
China and now has a waiting list for its second print run, is certainly timely:
it plays into a growing debate in China about what national universities should
be teaching. The country needs a workforce with the skills and creativity to
help move away from low-cost manufacturing and, in economic terms, move up the
value chain. And some educators believe liberal-arts training is vital to help
China deal with its increasingly complex new realities. Yet the well-known
intellectual historian Xu Jilin believes that China’s rapid expansion of higher
education has had a detrimental effect on curriculum as the country’s universities
race to compete globally. “Education these days in like factory-farming
chickens,” he says. “Universities all wan to get into international rakings—and
most of these depend on research. They’re not interested in providing a unique
education for our kids.”