题目内容

For over one hundred and fifty years, Americans of all social classes have worn blue jeans. 1.Whether they are worn for work or for fashion today. Strauss' invention continues to be popular not only among Americans but also among people around the world.

Levi Strauss was born in Germany in 1829. 2. He grew up in Kentucky before moving to New York in 1847. Before becoming an American citizen and moving to the West in 1853, Strauss worked in his brother's dry goods business. This gave him a chance to produce his famous invention. After the gold rush of 1849, Strauss decided to move to the West to seek his fortunes.

Strauss did not want to be a person who searched an area for minerals. Instead, he knew he could make a good living by selling supplies to the miners. At first, he planned to sell sewing supplies and cloth. 3. When he heard miners complaining that their clothes were easily broken or they usually tore their pockets during mining, he decided to use a special fabric to make pants for the miners. These pants proved so popular

that he quickly ran out of materials to make more.

In 1873, Strauss received a letter from a Jewish tailor named Jacob Davis who had invented a process of connecting pockets with copper rivets (铆钉). This made the pants last a long time. Because Davis did not have the money to patent his idea, he offered to share it with Strauss if Strauss would agree to pay for the patent.4..

By the time Strauss died in 1902, he had made a great contribution to American fashion. 5.The business has been growing ever since and Levi Strauss' company is now one of the largest clothing companies in the world.

A. As a young boy, he moved with his family to the United States.

B. Nobody knew what kind of material was suitable.

C. He did and Levi jeans have been made with metal rivets ever since.

D. However, he did not get much business for those products.

E. He also made a great contribution to America's clothing industry.

F. Since they were invented by Levi Strauss, they have become a symbol of American consumer culture.

G. As the business grew, Strauss got much money from it.

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How to be a teenage role model

In today’s world, most teen role models(楷模)are famous people. They appeal to the teenagers a lot with their looks, money and fame. 1. If you are a teen out there and you want to inspire your peers(同龄人), here are a few steps that you should follow:

Build confidence.

People always believe in those who believe in themselves.2. Build on these strengths and let them help you to develop into the kind of role model you want to be.

3.

Having a unique character can really draw others to you more than being the same as others. This does not mean that you should give up the same interests you have with your friends, but just try to be a leader rather than a follower of others.

Be humble.

4. Many people respect those who have accomplished a lot in their lives but are still down to earth. Remember just because you have found your confidence doesn’t mean you should look down upon others.

Play the role you have created for yourself.

After you have gotten a positive image(形象) of yourself and a good relationship with your peers, stick to it! Be guided by your desire(欲望) to be a role model in everything you do.5.

Having mastered the above steps, you will start noticing the positive influence you are having on others. Keep trying to better yourself as you continue to inspire others.

A. Develop your own style.

B. Choose your own role model.

C. There is nothing as golden as being humble(谦逊的).

D. Let your entire life be inspirational to others.

E. So build faith in yourself by getting to know your strengths.

F. You should overcome your weaknesses.

G. However, anybody can be a teenage role model if they put their mind to it.

Pass Your Love On

Waiting for the airplane to take off, I was happy to get a seat by myself. Just then, an air hostess approached me and asked, " Would you mind ______ your seat? A couple would like to sit together." The only ______ seat was next to a girl with her arms in casts (石膏绷带), a black-and-blue face, and a sad expression. “ ______ am I going to sit there,” I thought immediately. But a soft voice spoke,“She needs help.” Finally, I ______ to move to that seat.

The girl was named Kathy. She ______ hurt in a car accident and now was on her way for ______ .

When the snack and juice arrived, it did not take me long to ______ that Kathy would not be able to ______ herself. I considered ______ to feed her but hesitated, as it seemed too ______ to offer a service to a ______ . But then I realized that Kathy's need was more ______ than my discomfort. I offered to help her eat, and ______ she was uncomfortable to accept, she ______ as I expected. We became closer and closer in a short period of time. By the end of the five-hour trip, my heart ______ , and the ______ was really better spent than if I had just sat by myself.

I was very glad I had reached ______ my comfort zone to sit next to Kathy and feed her. Love ______ flows beyond human borders and removes the fears that keep us ______ . When we ______ to serve another, we grow to live in a larger and more rewarding world.

1.A. losing B. changing C. taking D. giving

2.A. comfortable B. suitable C. available D. favorable

3.A. No problem B. No way C. Nowhere D. No doubt

4.A. decided B. wanted C. regretted D. promised

5.A. has been B. would be C. used to be D. had been

6.A. treatment B. travel C. pleasure D. business

7.A. know B. say C. realize D. recognize

8.A. eat B. feed C. choose D. support

9.A. offering B. needing C. stopping D. trying

10.A. impolite B. far C. close D. fast

11.A. girl B. neighbor C. passenger D. stranger

12.A. unusual B. direct C. important D. shameful

13.A. when B. although C. since D. as

14.A. refused B. wondered C. cried D. did

15.A. had warmed B. had jumped C. had broken D. had cheered

16.A. life B. money C. time D. energy

17.A. below B. through C. across D. beyond

18.A. seldom B. never C. hardly D. sometimes

19.A. separate B. independent C. silent D. upset

20.A. happen B. stretch C. wait D. continue

Americans are obsessed (着迷的) with telling their life stories. This phenomenon isn’t simply the product of the technological world. 1. People are eager to tell stories and are fascinated by those of others. Even at preschool, “sharing time” is a common Monday-morning activity where the teenagers will sit in a circle and take turns telling a story about something they did over the weekend.

2. In many Asian countries, talking about and drawing attention to oneself can be seen as socially inappropriate. People are often unwilling to share their life stories and do not encourage others to do so. But there are also times Asians do share their stories. 3. Asians believe that a person is largely decided by his or her social status and relationships, leaving little reason to broadcast detailed and revealing personal stories to establish a unique self.

Ironically, the more unique Americans strive to be, the greater their need to feel connected with others. In their culture of individuality, relationships are highly mobile and can be easily formed or dissolved(破裂).

Sharing personal stories brings them closer through the exchange of thoughts, feelings and desires. 4. But this motivation is not nearly as strong among Asians, for whom social relations are generally unconditional, obligatory(义不容辞的) and stable, and therefore require little maintenance(维护).

5. American parents encourage children to share their stories and create opportunities to re-experience the past with children. Asian parents, by contrast, engage their children in telling personal stories less frequently. When they do talk about a child’s experiences, they are not particularly concerned with parent-child bonding but tend to focus on disciplining the child.

A. They tend to focus more on outer facts than personal details.

B. It helps them shape their “selves” and makes them who they are.

C. Interestingly, this obsession is not necessarily shared in other cultures.

D. Talking about personal stories is to cheer people on with positive feelings.

E. It connects them like many different points, holding their society together.

F. Sharing personal stories is also an essential part in everyday conversations.

G. Parents in America and Asia differ in how they share memories with children.

1.Taking exercise helps us ________ ________ ________ ________ and keep a clear mind. (增强体质）

2.Success ________ ________ (需要）hard work.

3.They just ________(执行）the order as they were told.

4.He succeeded ________ ________ ________ ________ his health. (以……为代价）

5.________ ________ ________（和……一样）other students, Tom is seldom late for school.

Forget Cyclists, Pedestrians are Real Danger

We are having a debate about this topic. Here are some letters from our readers.

■Yes, many cyclists behave dangerously. Many drivers are disrespectful of cyclists. But pedestrians are probably the worse offenders.

People of all ages happily walk along the pavement with eyes and hands glued to the mobile phone, quite unaware of what is going on around them. They may even do the same thing while crossing a road at a pedestrian crossing or elsewhere. The rest of us have to evade (避让) them or just stand still to wait for the unavoidable collision.

The real problem is that some pedestrians seem to be, at least for the moment, in worlds of their own that are, to them, much more important than the welfare of others.

——Michael Horan

■I love the letter from Bob Brooks about cyclists (Viewpoints, May 29). I am afraid they seem to think they own the roads.

I was walking across Altrincham Road one morning when a cyclist went round me and on being asked what he was doing he shouted at me.

The government built a cycle lane on the road but it is hardly used.

The police do nothing. What a laugh they are!

The cyclists should all have to be made to use the cycle lanes and wear helmets, fluorescent (发荧光的) jacket and lights at night and in the morning they should pay some sort of tax and be fined for not wearing them.

——Carol Harvey

■Cyclists jump on and off pavements (which are meant for pedestrians), ride at speed along the pavements, and think they have a special right to go through traffic lights when they are on red.

I was almost knocked down recently by a cyclist riding on the pavement when there was a cycle lane right next to him.

Other road users, including horse riders, manage to obey the rules so why not cyclists?

It's about time they had to be registered and insured, so when they do hit a pedestrian or a vehicle, or cause an accident, at least they can be treated and there might be an opportunity to claim.

——JML

Write to Viewpoints of the newspaper.

1.Michael Horan wrote the letter mainly to show that _______.

A. drivers should be polite to cyclists

B. road accidents can actually be avoided

C. some pedestrians are a threat to road safety

D. walking while using phones hurts one's eyes

2.Carol Harvey suggests that cyclists should _______.

A. be provided with enough roads

B. be asked to ride on their own lanes

C. be made to pay less tax for cycling

D. be fined for laughing at policemen

3.The underlined word "they" in the third letter refers to ______.

A. accidents B. vehicles

C. pedestrians D. cyclists

4.The three letters present viewpoints on _______.

A. real source of road danger

B. ways to improve road facilities

C. measures to punish road offences

D. increased awareness of road rules

In many countries, it is important to have many children In the US, a few religious groups emphasize the importance of large families, but most people think one or two children are enough, and many couples have no children. 1. Having many children would restrict the freedom and individualism of the parents as well as the other children in the family.

Parents teach individualism by the way they raise their children 2. Parents begin teaching this self-reliance early, asking the child to do things on her own and praising her when she does.

3. They bring their children with them to church, to sporting events, to stores, and to social events. However, many places, such as expensive restaurants and live theatre productions, do not welcome children. Most formal social gatherings those with written invitations do not welcome children either.

Children，especially boys are expected to be energetic and assertive(果敢的).

4. Parents are expected to keep their children under control at all times, particularly in public places and in the homes of others. When a child misbehaves only the child’s patents may discipline him. 5. Most patents discipline their children by rewarding good behaviors, not by punishing bad behaviors. while a spanking，a slap to the child’s buttocks(屁股), is acceptable to some people, any punishment that wounds the child or leaves a mark is considered child abuse and is against the law.

A. The relationship between American parents and their children is harmony

B. That doesn’t mean, though, that they are allowed to “run wild” in public.

C. Because taking care of a child is very costly, financially, emotionally, and socially, many couples view large families as a disadvantage.

D. Others adults should not interfere (干涉) unless the child is doing something which may be harmful to himself

E. American children are expected to accept invitations to a formal party.

F. Many parents want to expose their children to a variety of situations.

G. They want to create a self-reliant, independent child, who can make it on her own by age eighteen.

“Stop that man!” Vernon shouted. “He has a bomb!” Everywhere, passengers were ____ their feet and screaming. Guerrero stopped with his ____ to the toilets. “___ away from me!” he shouted.

“Guerrero, listen to me!” Vernon ____ him over the heads of the others. There was a silence as Guerrero ____ back at him.

“We know who you are,” Vernon went on. “And we know ____ you' re trying to do. We know all about the insurance and the bomb. That ____ that the insurance is no ___. Do you understand? It's worth nothing. If you die you'll die for nothing and your family will get nothing. ___ than that, they'll be blamed and made to ____ . Think of that, Guerrero.”

Guerrero hesitated. Vernon kept talking and hoped that Guerrero would ___ him.

A man came out of one of the ____ behind Guerrero. At the ____ of the door opening, he ___.

“Get the guy with the case! He's got a bomb. ” Somebody shouted.

Guerrero ____ past the man and ran into the toilet. He had not really understood ____ that had happened in the last few minutes, but he understood that, ___ so many things in his life, his great plan had ___. His life had been a failure, and now his ____ would be a failure too.

As he pulled the string(导火索), he wondered ____whether the bomb would be another failure. In the last second of his life he learned that it was not.

1.A. running over B. jumping over C. running to D. jumping to

2.A. back B. body C. side D. face

3.A. Walk B. Take C. Stay D. Put

4.A. cried out B. called to C. shouted at D. spoke against

5.A. stared B. fought C. talked D. hit

6.A. that B. what C. how D. when

7.A. tells B. explains C. means D. expresses

8.A. harm B. good C. value D. profit

9.A. Sooner B. Better C. Rather D. Worse

10.A. suffer B. worry C. argue D. fight

11.A. hear B. listen to C. see D. look at

12.A. toilets B. kitchens C. seats D. passages

13.A. movement B. sight C. sign D. sound

14.A. hid B. fell C. turned D. rolled

15.A. pushed B. walked C. rushed D. hurried

16.A. everything B. anything C. nothing D. something

17.A. unless B. after C. like D. as

18.A. lost B. broken C. failed D. removed

19.A. power B. life C. plan D. death

20.A. proudly B. bitterly C. excitedly D. curiously

Urban swans might be born with a daredevil gene that makes them less fearful of humans, compared with their rural colleagues.

A study has found swans living in cities tend to be bolder and it is at least partly determined by a gene called DRD4. Birds with this gene could therefore be better adapted to settling in more populated areas, while more timid（胆怯的）swans would escape to less inhabited regions.

It could help to explain why swans in public parks and on urban rivers have a reputation for being so aggressive towards humans - they are simply not afraid of us.

Biologists from some universities in Australia, tracked and collected blood samples from black swans living in two wetlands near cities. One group of swans lived in a recreational urban park, while the other occupied a waste-water processing site out of town. The two areas were less than 20 miles apart. Later, from 2011 through 2013, the researchers started systematically scaring the swans at both sites. The researchers approached the birds and calculated how close they could get before they flew away. As expected, they noticed that while rural swans started flying away if a human was closer than 119 meters, the scientists could come as close to urban swans as 39 meters before taking off.

Analyses of the blood samples, in fact, showed that 83 per cent of the less cautious swans presented the same genetic DRD4 variation（变异)while rural swans have different genetic makeups resulting in more wariness(谨慎，小心）.

The researchers conclude that swans with the bold variation of the gene might choose to live in urban environments, as they tend to be less bothered by human presence.

1.The underlined word in paragraph 1 means__________.

A. timid B. cautious

C. bold D. stubborn

2.What’s the difference between rural swans and urban ones？

A. The rural swans carry more DRD4.

B. The urban swans are more friendly.

C. The urban swans are less scared of people.

D. The rural swans are aggressive towards humans.

3.What does DRD4 refer to ?

A. a kind of blood. B. a kind of food.

C. a kind of genetic variation. D. a kind of swan.

4.What does the 4th paragraph mainly talk about?

A. The living habit of swans.

B. The living environment of swans.

C. The contribution of the biologists.

D. The process and result of the research.

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