snow can cause trouble. 题目和参考答案——青夏教育精英家教网—

Have you ever noticed the colour of the water in a river or stream after a heavy rainfall? What do you think caused this change in colour? It is soil that has been washed into the river from the riverbank or from t}le nearby fields．

Components of Soft

Soil is made up of a number of layers（层），each having its own distinctive colour and texture．The upper layer is known as the litter．It acts like a blanket．limiting temperature changes and reducing water loss．The topsoil layer is made up of small particles of rock mixed with rotten plant and animal matter called humus（腐殖质），which is black and gives the topsoil its dark colour．This layer is usually rich in nutrients，oxygen，and water．Below the topsoil is the subsoil，a layer that contains more stones mixed with only small amounts of organic matter．This layer is lighter in colour because of the lack of humus．Beneath the soil lies a layer of bedrock．

Soil forms from the bottom up．Over time bedrock is attacked by rain, wind，frost, and snow．It is gradually broken down into smaller particles in a process called weathering．Plants begin to grow，and rotten materials enrich the topsoil．Most of the soil in Eastern Canada．for example．Was formed from weathered rock that was exposed when the ice disappeared l2．000 years ag0．

Water Beneath the Soil

Surface water collects and flows above the ground in lakes．ponds．and rivers．Once in the soil or rock，it is called groundwater．Gravity pulls groundwater through the soil in a process called percolation（渗透）．Eventually the water reaches a layer called the water table．Under this is bedrock through which water cannot percolate．

As water percolates downward，it dissolves organic matter and minerals from the soil and carries them to deeper layers．This causes a serious problem because plants require these nutrients for growth.

Soil pH

Soil can be acidic．neutral．or basic．The pH of the soil is determined by the nature of the rock

from which it was formed．and by the nature of t}le plants that grow and rot in it．

The acidity of rain and snow can lower the pH of the groundwater that enters the soil．By burning fossil fuels such as coal，oil and gasoline，humans have been contributing to higher levels of acidity in many soils．When fossil fuels are burned．gases are released into the air and then fall back to earth as acid rain．Acid soil increases出e problem of carrying nutrients to lower soil levels．As nutrients are removed，soil is less fertile．Plants grow more slowly in acidic soil，and also become easily attacked by diseases．

67．The layer of soil that provides necessary nutrients for plant growth is called．

A．1itter B．topsoil C．humus D．subsoil

68．According to the text．which of the following is NOT true?

A．Soil forms from weathered rock on the earth surface．

B．The deeper layer of soil is darker in colour than t}le surface soil．

C．Air pollution is partially responsible for acid soil．

D．Groundwater tends to carry away nutrients for plant growth．

69．We can infer from the passage that the water table lies ．

A．between the topsoil layer and the subsoil layer

B．in the subsoil layer above bedrock

C．between the subsoil layer and bedrock

D．in the bedrock layer beneath the subsoil

70．The underlined word “dissolve” is used to express the idea that organic matter and minerals from soil are ．

A．rushed away into the river

B．cleaned and purified by water

C．destroyed and carried away by water

D．mixed with water and become part of it

Everybody knows Charles Chaplin, a world-famous funny actor. People ___1_____ have laughed at Charles Chaplin’s films until tears run ____2____ their faces. From his very first ____3____ they know what will happen. The little man is always with black moustache, wide-open eyes, round black hat and ___4_____ too large for his feet. He’ll ____5____ through snow, and fall from windows. He’ll fight men who are twice his ____6____, fall in love with women, who ___7______ notice him, and try to ___8_____ them.

The poor man that Charles Chaplin ____9_____ in hundreds of films makes all kinds of stupid mistakes, He is always in ____10_____, but he never ____11_____. He dreams of becoming a great man.

Even people who ____12____ understand English can ____13______ his films, because they are mostly ____14_____. It isn’t what he says that makes people laugh, His comedy（喜剧）

doesn’t ____15_____ words. It depends on little actions which mean the ____16_____ thing to people all over the world.

Chaplin raises his thick eyebrows or rolls his eyes. He hides behind a fat lady or under a table to escape from his ___17_____. He dresses well and pretends to be a ____18_____ and important man. It is all so hopeless and ____19_____ that he makes us laugh. This is the secret of Chaplin’s huge ____20______.

1. A. here B. everywhere C. abroad D. who

2. A. down B. along C. over D. with

3. A. disappearance B. appearance C. words D. emotions

4. A. trousers B. stocks C. shoes D. hands

5. A. sleep B. sit C. play D. struggle

6. A. length B. size C. greatness D. width

7. A. hardly B. deeply C. widely D. luckily

8. A. love B. hate C. hug D. praise

9. A. played B. recognized C. loved D. fooled

10. A. joy B. excitement C. sorrow D. trouble

11.A. comes down B. gets ways C. goes back D. gives up

12. A. don’t B. can C. do D. may

13. A. understand B. watch C. enjoy D. see

14. A. frightening B. silent C. pleasant D. moving

15. A. depend on B. translate C. explain D. know

16. A. some B. different C. same D. bitter

17. A. enemies B. own C. characters D. films

18. A. poor B. dad C. rich D. beautiful

19. A. possible B. impossible C. instructive D. tired

20. A. success B. failure C. films D. play

Everybody knows Charles Chaplin, a world-famous funny actor. People ___1_____ have laughed at Charles Chaplin’s films until tears run ____2____ their faces. From his very first ____3____ they know what will happen. The little man is always with black moustache, wide-open eyes, round black hat and ___4_____ too large for his feet. He’ll ____5____ through snow, and fall from windows. He’ll fight men who are twice his ____6____, fall in love with women, who ___7______ notice him, and try to ___8_____ them.

The poor man that Charles Chaplin ____9_____ in hundreds of films makes all kinds of stupid mistakes, He is always in ____10_____, but he never ____11_____. He dreams of becoming a great man.

Even people who ____12____ understand English can ____13______ his films, because they are mostly ____14_____. It isn’t what he says that makes people laugh, His comedy（喜剧）

doesn’t ____15_____ words. It depends on little actions which mean the ____16_____ thing to people all over the world.

Chaplin raises his thick eyebrows or rolls his eyes. He hides behind a fat lady or under a table to escape from his ___17_____. He dresses well and pretends to be a ____18_____ and important man. It is all so hopeless and ____19_____ that he makes us laugh. This is the secret of Chaplin’s huge ____20______.

1. A. here B. everywhere C. abroad D. who

2. A. down B. along C. over D. with

3. A. disappearance B. appearance C. words D. emotions

4. A. trousers B. stocks C. shoes D. hands

5. A. sleep B. sit C. play D. struggle

6. A. length B. size C. greatness D. width

7. A. hardly B. deeply C. widely D. luckily

8. A. love B. hate C. hug D. praise

9. A. played B. recognized C. loved D. fooled

10. A. joy B. excitement C. sorrow D. trouble

11.A. comes down B. gets ways C. goes back D. gives up

12. A. don’t B. can C. do D. may

13. A. understand B. watch C. enjoy D. see

14. A. frightening B. silent C. pleasant D. moving

15. A. depend on B. translate C. explain D. know

16. A. some B. different C. same D. bitter

17. A. enemies B. own C. characters D. films

18. A. poor B. dad C. rich D. beautiful

19. A. possible B. impossible C. instructive D. tired

20. A. success B. failure C. films D. play

Much of the water we use comes from snow. Melting snow provides water for rivers, electric power centers and agricultural crops. In the western United States, mountain snow provides up to 75% of all surface water supplies.

Snowfall helps to protect plants and some wild animals from cold, winter weather. Fresh snow is made largely of air trapped among the snow crystals. Because the air has trouble moving, the movement of heat is greatly reduced.

Snow also is known to influence the movement of sound waves. When there is fresh snow on the ground, the surface of the snow takes in, or absorbs, sound waves. However, snow can become hard and flat as it becomes older or if there have been strong winds. Then the snow's surface will help to send back sound waves. Under these conditions, sounds may seem clearer and travel farther.

Generally, the color of snow and ice appears white. This is because the light we see from the sun is white. Most natural materials take in some sunlight. This gives them their color. However, when light travels from air to snow, some light is sent back, or reflected. Snow crystals have many surfaces to reflect sunlight. Yet the snow does take in a little sunlight. It is this light that gives snow its white appearance.

Sometimes, snow or ice may appear to be blue. The blue light is the product of a long travel path through the snow or ice. In simple terms, think of snow or ice as a filter. A filter is designed to reject some substances, while permitting others to pass through. In the case of snow, all the light makes it through if the snow is only a centimeter thick. If it is a meter or more thick, however, blue light often can be seen.

1.How many functions of snow are discussed in the passage?

A．One B．Two C．Three D．Four

2.Why does snowfall help to protect plants from cold?

A．Because snow crystals contain heat.

B．Because snow crystals have air in them.

C．Because snow crystals are easy to blow away.

D．Because snow crystals send out heat when melting.

3.It can be inferred that ______.

A．hard snow is better in protecting wild animals than fresh snow

B．fresh snow is better in sending sound waves than hard snow

C．fresh snow is better in taking in sound waves than hard snow

D．hard snow provides less water than fresh snow

4.The color of snow and ice appears white because snow crystals________.

A．send back none of the sunlight B．send back all of the sunlight

C．take in most of the sunlight D．take in some of the sunlight

Human beings are the most intelligent of all animals because we are gifted with the ability to think and reason logically. Scientists and even common people with special intelligence have made a lot of inventions and contributions to modern lifestyle in the past. “Houses” have been the most popular area for discoveries and inventions in the past and even now.

Many household items have been the result of inventions of people who desired better functioning of the existent products. Every individual has intelligence and if it is used properly for the right purpose it leads to invention of a new tool or device. Many new household inventions are made almost every day and there are specific companies, which particularly keep a record of all these inventions.

A lot of inventions have been made recently in the household field. These products are patented(专利的)and have trade mark licenses(许可). The patented sliding cinch is a very simple but effective method to prevent shoulder stress and injury for those who work before computers all day long. Vanity PC is a type of computer furniture that specifically hides all the computer wires and keeps a clean and good look. All the outdoor dust, mud and snow can be kept out of the house by installing(安装)the dirt drain(排水管)at the entrance of the door. Another important invention is the automatic toilet night-light, in which a small light starts when the lid of the toilet seat is opened and closes as soon as the lid is closed.

These are some of the new household inventions invented mostly by common people. Thus, a variety of new household items are invented every day, which helps in a better functioning of household chores and in a more useful manner.

1.The first paragraph tells us the importance of _________.

A．the particular changes in houses

B．human beings’ role in making inventions

C．the advantages of modern lifestyle

D．the difference between human beings and animals Zxxk

2.What plays the most important role in causing people to invent new things?

A．To earn more money and gain awards.

B．To be recorded by some special companies.

C．To improve the present living conditions.

D．To meet the new demands of new science.

3.It can be inferred that the sliding cinch is used to _________.

A．prevent your shoulder from being over-pressured

B．keep your shoulder safe and sound when you are in an accident or an operation

C．help you practice your shoulder more often and reduce shoulder pains

D．cover your shoulder and make it stronger to resist the outside strike

4.Common people can also make good inventions because __________.

A．wisdom and inspiration sometimes come from everyday life

B．some inventions are easy to be made and can be mastered by common people

C．common people have a strong desire to do something for science research

D．success is often connected with hardship and bitter experience of common people

5.The passage is mainly talking about _________.

A．the correct use of household facilities

B．different ideas about household inventions

C．the history of household inventions

D．household inventions and their influence

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