A child who has once been pleased with a tale likes, as a rule, to have it retold in almost the same words, but this should not lead parents to treat printed fairy stories as formal texts. It is always much better to tell a story than to read it out of a book, and? if a parent can produce what, in the actual situation of the time and the child, is an improvement on the printed text, so much the better.

A charge made against fairy tales is that they harm the child by frightening him or making him sad think?ing. To prove the latter, one would have to show in a controlled experiment that children who have read fairy-stories were more often sorry for cruelty than those who had not. As to fears, there are, I think, some cases of children being dangerously terrified by some fairy story. Often, however, this arises from the child having heard the story once. Familiarity with the story by repetition turns the pain of a fear into the pleasure of a fear faced and mastered.

There arc also people who object to fairy stories on the grounds that they are not objectively true, that gi?ants ,witches, two-headed dragons? magic carpets, etc. do not exist and that , instead of being fond of the strange side in fairy tales, the child should be taught to learn the reality by studying history. I find such people, I must say so peculiar(奇异的)that I do not know how to argue with them. If their cases were sound* the world should be full of mad men attempting to fly from New York to Philadelphia on a stick or covering a tele?phone with kisses in the belief that it was their beloved girlfriend.

No fairy story ever declared to be a description of the real world and no clever child has ever believed that it was.

5.    The author considers that a fairy story is more effective when it is .

A.    repeated without any change

B.    treated as a joke

C.    set in the present

D,  made some changes by the parent

6.    The advantage claimed for repeating fairy stories to young children is that it .

A.    develops their power of memory

B.    makes them less fearful

C.    makes them believe there is nothing to be afraid of

D.    encourages them not to have strange beliefs

7.    The author's mention of sticks and telephones is meant to suggest that .

A.    fairy stories are still being made up

B.    there is some misunderstanding about fairy tales

C.    people try to modernize old fairy stories

D.    there is more concern for children's fears nowa?days

8.    One of the reasons why some people are not in fa-vour of fairy tales is that A.    they are full of imagination

B.    they make teachers of history difficult to teach

C.    they are not interesting

D.    they just make up the stories which are far from the truth

阅读理解

Tourism probably started in Roman times. Rich Romans visited friends and family who were working in another part of the Roman Empire. But when the empire broke down, this kind of tourism stopped.

In the early 17th century, the idea of the "Grand Tour" was born. Rich young English people sailed across the English Channel(英吉利海峡).They visited the most beautiful and important European cities of the time, including Paris in France, and Rome and Venice in Italy. Their tours lasted for two to four years, and the tourists stayed a few weeks or months in each city. The "Grand Tour" was an important part of young people's education―but only for the rich.

In the 18th century, tourism began to change. For example, people in the UK started to visit some towns? such as Bath, to "take the water". They be?lieved that the water there was good for their health. So large and expensive hotels were built in these towns.

In the 19th century, travel became much more popular. When the first railways were built in the 1820s , it was easier for people to travel between towns , so they started to go for holidays by the sea. And some started to have holidays in the countryside as cities became larger, noisier and dirtier.

Travelling by sea also became faster and safer when the first steamships were built. People began to travel more to faraway countries.

The 20th century saw cars become more and more popular among ordinary people. Planes were made larger, so ticket prices dropped and more people used them.

Thus tourism grew. In 1949, Russian journalist Vladimir Raitz started a company called Horizon Holidays. The company organizes everything―plane tickets, hotel rooms, even food一and tourists pay for it all before they leave home. The package tour and modern tourist industry were born.

The first travel agency in China was set up as early as 1949. But tourism did not take off until 1978. So far, the industry has become an important part of China's social development.

1.In the early times, the travellers ___________.

A. all came from Roman

B. were very young and strong

C. had lots of money

D. travelled by boat

2._______played the most important role in the tourism development.

A.Education            B. Money

C. Transportation         D.  People's ideas

3.Modern tourism industry was born______ .

A. in 1949

B. in Roman times                               

C. in the early 17th century

D. in the 18th century 

4.The underlined phrase "take off" in the last paragraph means ______"

A.(a plane) rises into the air

B.develop very fast

C.remove hats and clothes

D. bring down the prices

阅读理解 

A

In light of what has happened in many countries* we can all see how dev?astating (破坏 性的) an earthquake can be. You may be asking yourself, " How do I get prepared for a quake if I don't know that it's coming?"There are some steps that you can take to make your home a little safer in the event that a quake occurs.

Ensure that heavy furniture is not in a position where it could fall onto a bed. If a quake occurs while you are in bed, you do not want your bookcase falling on you. Check and repair deep cracks(裂缝)in ceilings. This is espe?cially important after a quake.

If you see any damage that you are unable to repair, consult a professional. Ensure that you have no gas leaks(泄露)in or around your home.

Have your disaster plan in place. Know where to meet your family. Have your bags packed. Do drills with your family at least twice a year, which will ensure that everyone knows what to do.

What to do during the quake:

Earthquake safety tips are different depending on your place. Here are some tips for various locations.

Indoors: If you stay indoors, get low to the ground and move only to the nearest piece of strong furniture or corner. Crouch(蜷伏)down low covering the back of your neck and head with your hands. Stay away from windows or anything that could fall on you.

Outdoors: If you stay already outdoors, stay out there. Get away from any buildings, power lines, or anything that could fall.

Vehicle; If you are in a vehicle, pull over when you can safely do so. Avoid bridges, tall buildings and power lines.

1.The underlined word "This" in Paragraph 2 probably means " "•

 A.     avoiding hangings on the wall

B.     checking and repairing deep cracks

C.     fixing your furniture in place

D.     moving your bookcase off your bed

2.To make everyone know what to do once there is an earthquake, you should .

 A.     turn to a professional

B.     exercise twice a year to run faster

C.     tell your family where to meet

D.     practise your plan with your family

3. Which of the following is NOT the right way when you stay indoors during a quake?

 A.     Covering your mouth with wet towels.

B.     Avoiding staying near windows.

C.     Covering your neck and head with your hands.

D.     Getting low to the ground and moving to the corner.

4. If you happen to be in your car during the quake, you should .

  A.     rush out of the car quickly

B.     stop your car where it is safe

C.     ensure you are awake in the car

D.     speed your car to a safer place

5.What is the best title of this passage?

  A.     Some safety tips

B.     A disaster plan

C.     How to prepare for an earthquake

D.     How to make our home a little safer

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