Every decision is made within a decision environment, which is defined as the collection of information, alternatives, values. Many decision makers have a(n)  50 to seek more information than required to make a good decision. When too much information is sought and obtained, one or more of several   51 can arise.
﹡ A   52  in the decision occurs because of the time required to obtain and process the extra information.
  53  overload will occur. In this state, so much information is available that decision-making ability actually   54  because the information in its entirety can no longer be managed or assessed  55 . A major problem caused by information overload is  56 . When too much information is taken into memory, especially in a short period of time, some of the information (often that received early on) will be pushed out.
﹡Selective use of the information will occur.  57   , the decision maker will choose from among all the information available only those facts which support a preconceived(预先构想的) solution or position.
﹡Mental fatigue occurs, which  58  slower work or poor quality work.
  59   fatigue occurs, where the decision maker tires of making decisions. Often the result is fast, careless decisions or no decisions are made at all.
The quantity of information that can be processed by the human mind is limited. Unless information is  60 selected, processing will be biased toward the first part of the information received. After that, the mind tires and begins to  61 subsequent information or forget earlier information.
A common   62 about decision making is that decisions are made in isolation from each other: you gather information, explore alternatives, and  63 , without regard to anything that has gone before. The fact is, decisions are made in a context of other decisions.
We might say, then every decision  64  from previous decisions: enables many future decisions, and assists other future decisions.

【小题1】
A.abilityB.tendencyC.qualityD.strength
【小题2】
A.advantagesB.agreementsC.decisionsD.problems
【小题3】
A.delayB.possibilityC.solutionD.settlement
【小题4】
A.LaborB.Knowledge C.InformationD.Intelligence
【小题5】
A.eliminatesB.declinesC.qualifiesD.promotes
【小题6】
A.relatively B.objectivelyC.appropriatelyD.personally
【小题7】
A.forgetfulnessB.inconvenienceC.uselessnessD.disability
【小题8】
A.After allB.In additionC.In shortD.That is to say
【小题9】
A.suffers from B.deals withC.results in D.applies to
【小题10】
A.BeautyB.MemoryC.SightD.Decision
【小题11】
A.accidentallyB.consciouslyC.occasionallyD.independently
【小题12】
A.ignoreB.selectC.storeD.process
【小题13】
A.interestB.senseC.conclusionD.misunderstanding
【小题14】
A.draw a conclusion B.made a choiceC.put it asideD.try it out
【小题15】
A.preventsB.decidesC.infersD.follows

We were driving along the village of Simdara. I  36  to my right and saw an old shelter 20 meters from the side of the road that appeared to be filled with  37 .
“Would you mind  38 ?”  I asked the driver Waris. “I think there is a(n)  39 .”
Waris laughed. “No, Greg, that’s actually a public toilet,” explained Waris and he kept  40 .
“But why are there so many kids? What are they doing there? We need to  41 ,” I insisted. The word caught Waris  42  and he stopped the car.
When we reached the shelter, to my surprise, it was  43  a toilet—or at least it had been at one time. The roof was gone now, and the four toilet pits (坑) had been  44  with old boards. There were 25 children between 4 and 5 years old, one  45 , and a wooden board against the wall.
Though having a tough learning environment, the students are quite  46  to chat with us about their class and curriculum (课程). After about ten minutes, the teacher  47  if we might like to see “the rest of the school”. We  48  and followed her up the hill.
Just over the top of the hill, there was an old tent. It was very  49  inside because nearly 100 students were packed like sardines (沙丁鱼). These students were a little  50  , fourth-, and sixth-graders, and all of them were sitting on the ground.  51  the teacher, they were doing extremely well —  52  most of them had no books, paper or even pencils.
We were forced to  53  to catch our plane. We were all  54  and decided to collect money to build a school for these children who had a hunger for  55 .

【小题1】
A.lookedB.stuckC.ledD.referred
【小题2】
A.plantsB.animalsC.childrenD.birds
【小题3】
A.chattingB.stoppingC.learningD.competing
【小题4】
A.toiletB.churchC.officeD.school
【小题5】
A.talkingB.drivingC.sleepingD.walking
【小题6】
A.find outB.watch outC.give upD.break up
【小题7】
A.memoryB.attentionC.breathD.fortune
【小题8】
A.easilyB.neverC.hardlyD.really
【小题9】
A.changedB.coveredC.markedD.separated
【小题10】
A.waiterB.cleanerC.teacherD.doctor
【小题11】
A.happyB.upsetC.puzzledD.nervous
【小题12】
A.knewB.askedC.decidedD.heard
【小题13】
A.laughedB.noddedC.refusedD.clapped
【小题14】
A.brightB.fancyC.crowdedD.comfortable
【小题15】
A.hungrierB.lazierC.olderD.braver
【小题16】
A.According toB.Because ofC.In praise ofD.In honor of
【小题17】
A.ifB.althoughC.whenD.unless
【小题18】
A.workB.restC.stayD.leave
【小题19】
A.satisfiedB.movedC.acceptedD.greeted
【小题20】
A.foodB.energyC.knowledgeD.truth

I’m lying on my back in my grandfather’s orchard(果园),looking up at the branches above me.It is one of the last days of summer.Already the days are shorter and the nights are cooler.Some kinds of apples are already ripe(成熟的).Others will be ready to pick soon.I think of my grandmother’s apple pie,and how I used to make it with her.She died last year,before the apple harvest,and I have not had her pie since.I really miss her.I hear bees busily humming about,visiting the late summer flowers.The gentle hum of their wings nearly sends me to sleep.

The sky is as blue as my grandfather’s eyes.Above me,big white clouds race across the sky like pieces of cotton blowing in the w ind.School starts in another week,and time seems to have slowed down.

“Sophie!”calls my  grandfather.“Is that you?”I stand up,take his hand,and tell him all about my day as we walk through the orchard.We talk about apples,and bees,and Grandma.He tells me that he misses her too.

He puts his rough,brown farmer’s hand around my shoulder and pulls me close.“You know,Sophie,”he says,“I spent the morning in the attic(阁楼),and you’ll never guess what I found.It’s the recipe(烹饪法) for Grandma’s apple pie.I used to help her make it sometimes.I can’t do it all alone,but you used to help her too.Maybe between the two of us,we ca n work it out.Want to try?”

“But it won’t be the same without Grandma,” I tell him.

“That’s true,”he says,“but nothing_is_the_same_without_Grandma.Still,I don’t think that she would want us never to have another apple pie.What do you say?” I nod yes,and we walk towards home...towards an afternoon in the farmhouse kitchen,making Grandma’s famous apple pie.

1.We learn from the passage that Sophie    .

A.likes to watch clouds in the attic

B.comes to the orchard after school

C.enjoys Grandma’s apple pie very much

D.picks many apples in the orchard

2.Sophie’s grandfather spent the morning in the attic______   .

A.looking for Grandma’s recipe for apple pie

B.helping Sophie’s grandmother make apple pie

C.trying to make apple pie all alone for Sophie

D.talking about apples,and bees,and Grandma with Sophie

3.The underlined part in the last paragraph shows

A.how much Sophie’s grandmother loved Sophie

B.how much Sophie’s grandfather likes apple pies

C.how much Sophie loves her grandfather’s orchard

D.how much Sophie’s grandfather misses Grandma

4.Which of the following might be the best title for the passage?

A.My grandfather’s orchard           B.My grandmother’s apple pie

C.A morning in the attic              D.The last days of summer

 

We were driving along the village of Simdara. I  36  to my right and saw an old shelter 20 meters from the side of the road that appeared to be filled with  37 .

“Would you mind  38 ?”  I asked the driver Waris. “I think there is a(n)  39 .”

Waris laughed. “No, Greg, that’s actually a public toilet,” explained Waris and he kept  40 .

“But why are there so many kids? What are they doing there? We need to  41 ,” I insisted. The word caught Waris  42  and he stopped the car.

When we reached the shelter, to my surprise, it was  43  a toilet—or at least it had been at one time. The roof was gone now, and the four toilet pits (坑) had been  44  with old boards. There were 25 children between 4 and 5 years old, one  45 , and a wooden board against the wall.

Though having a tough learning environment, the students are quite  46  to chat with us about their class and curriculum (课程). After about ten minutes, the teacher  47  if we might like to see “the rest of the school”. We  48  and followed her up the hill.

Just over the top of the hill, there was an old tent. It was very  49  inside because nearly 100 students were packed like sardines (沙丁鱼). These students were a little  50  , fourth-, and sixth-graders, and all of them were sitting on the ground.  51  the teacher, they were doing extremely well —  52  most of them had no books, paper or even pencils.

We were forced to  53  to catch our plane. We were all  54  and decided to collect money to build a school for these children who had a hunger for  55 .

1.

A.looked

B.stuck

C.led

D.referred

 

2.

A.plants

B.animals

C.children

D.birds

 

3.

A.chatting

B.stopping

C.learning

D.competing

 

4.

A.toilet

B.church

C.office

D.school

 

5.

A.talking

B.driving

C.sleeping

D.walking

 

6.

A.find out

B.watch out

C.give up

D.break up

 

7.

A.memory

B.attention

C.breath

D.fortune

 

8.

A.easily

B.never

C.hardly

D.really

 

9.

A.changed

B.covered

C.marked

D.separated

 

10.

A.waiter

B.cleaner

C.teacher

D.doctor

 

11.

A.happy

B.upset

C.puzzled

D.nervous

 

12.

A.knew

B.asked

C.decided

D.heard

 

13.

A.laughed

B.nodded

C.refused

D.clapped

 

14.

A.bright

B.fancy

C.crowded

D.comfortable

 

15.

A.hungrier

B.lazier

C.older

D.braver

 

16.

A.According to

B.Because of

C.In praise of

D.In honor of

 

17.

A.if

B.although

C.when

D.unless

 

18.

A.work

B.rest

C.stay

D.leave

 

19.

A.satisfied

B.moved

C.accepted

D.greeted

 

20.

A.food

B.energy

C.knowledge

D.truth

 

Every decision is made within a decision environment, which is defined as the collection of information, alternatives, values. Many decision makers have a(n)  50 to seek more information than required to make a good decision. When too much information is sought and obtained, one or more of several   51 can arise.

﹡ A   52  in the decision occurs because of the time required to obtain and process the extra information.

  53  overload will occur. In this state, so much information is available that decision-making ability actually   54  because the information in its entirety can no longer be managed or assessed  55 . A major problem caused by information overload is  56 . When too much information is taken into memory, especially in a short period of time, some of the information (often that received early on) will be pushed out.

﹡Selective use of the information will occur.  57   , the decision maker will choose from among all the information available only those facts which support a preconceived(预先构想的) solution or position.

﹡Mental fatigue occurs, which  58  slower work or poor quality work.

  59   fatigue occurs, where the decision maker tires of making decisions. Often the result is fast, careless decisions or no decisions are made at all.

The quantity of information that can be processed by the human mind is limited. Unless information is  60 selected, processing will be biased toward the first part of the information received. After that, the mind tires and begins to  61 subsequent information or forget earlier information.

A common   62 about decision making is that decisions are made in isolation from each other: you gather information, explore alternatives, and  63 , without regard to anything that has gone before. The fact is, decisions are made in a context of other decisions.

We might say, then every decision  64  from previous decisions: enables many future decisions, and assists other future decisions.

1.

A.ability

B.tendency

C.quality

D.strength

 

2.

A.advantages

B.agreements

C.decisions

D.problems

 

3.

A.delay

B.possibility

C.solution

D.settlement

 

4.

A.Labor

B.Knowledge

C.Information

D.Intelligence

 

5.

A.eliminates

B.declines

C.qualifies

D.promotes

 

6.

A.relatively

B.objectively

C.appropriately

D.personally

 

7.

A.forgetfulness

B.inconvenience

C.uselessness

D.disability

 

8.

A.After all

B.In addition

C.In short

D.That is to say

 

9.

A.suffers from

B.deals with

C.results in

D.applies to

 

10.

A.Beauty

B.Memory

C.Sight

D.Decision

 

11.

A.accidentally

B.consciously

C.occasionally

D.independently

 

12.

A.ignore

B.select

C.store

D.process

 

13.

A.interest

B.sense

C.conclusion

D.misunderstanding

 

14.

A.draw a conclusion

B.made a choice

C.put it aside

D.try it out

 

15.

A.prevents

B.decides

C.infers

D.follows

 

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