题目内容

The way we get about has a deep influence on the way we live-affecting where we set up home, work and holiday. So what changes might come in the way we get around? What big ideas are out there, and do they have any chance of coming true?

Personal Air Travel

The idea: flying cars

Developments in light small plane technology will make it possible for everyone to own what are, in fact, flying cars. They will have closed cabins, heating, stereos and room for two people.

You will take off from a field near your home and fly to towns and cities. After landing, you will take off the fixed wing and continue your journey by road just as if you were traveling by car.

Fuel efficient engines and the advantage of being able to travel in the sky will keep costs and the environmental influence down.

Flying for Fun

The idea: Jet Packs

The idea was a hit when a stuntman (特技演员) flew around on one during the opening ceremony of the 1984 Los Angeles Olympics, which was very successful.

You’ll be able to use the equipment-roughly the size of two scuba tanks fastened to your back-for short journeys.

They will be handy for cleaning hard-to-reach windows, arriving in style at a party and shopping.

Taxis

The idea: driverless taxis

These computer-controlled taxis will take you wherever you want along a fixed route, whenever you want to go.

For the price of one person’s bus fare, several people can ride at speeds of up to 25 mph, and there will be fences to guard against accidents.

There will be little, if any, wait for the use of the taxis, which will leave from stations and will be used by prepaid cards.

The taxis, which will travel on a 1.5 m-wide track, will use 75% less energy per passenger than a car and 50% less than a bus.

1.The passage is mainly about ________.

A. future travel                       B. big ideas and dreams

C. advanced technology               D. the influence of travel

2.We learn from the passage that flying cars ________.

A. will operate only in the sky  

B. will be more expensive than common cars

C. will have few bad effects on the environment

D. won’t be equipped with things similar to what cars have

3. With Jet Packs, we can do all the following EXCEPT ________.

A. attend a party                           B. clean high windows

C. go shopping                      D. have a long journey

4.As for driverless taxis, we can infer that ________.

A. we can go wherever we want in them

B. they will be both convenient and safe

C. it costs more to take them than to take ordinary cars

D. they will be operated by computers as well as by people

 

【答案】

 

1.A

2.C

3.D

4.B

【解析】

试题分析:本文叙述了未来的交通工具,文中叙述了飞行的汽车可以从地里出发,然后乘坐飞行的汽车去各个城市或城镇,它们的好处对环境的污染小;可以坐Jet Packs这种飞行器去参加聚会或购物等这样的活动;乘坐无人驾驶的出租车,自己按照预定的目的地,电脑操纵可以到达目的地,它消耗的能量比小汽车或公交车的消耗都低。

1.主旨大意题。根据关于对于未来的旅行,故选A。

2.细节理解题。根据Fuel efficient engines and the advantage of being able to travel in the sky will keep costs and the environmental influence down.

对环境有很少的影响,故选C。

3.细节理解题。根据They will be handy for cleaning hard-to-reach windows, arriving in style at a party and shopping.对于Jet Packs,我们可以参加聚会,清洗窗子和购物,只有选项D,没有提到,故选D。

4.推理判断题。根据对于无人驾驶的出租车,它们是既方便又安全的,故选B。

考点:科普类短文阅读。

点评:主旨大意题,就是指那些针对文章的主要内容、主题、标题或写作目的所设置的问题。这类题主要考查同学们在理解全文的基础上运用概括、判断、归纳、推理等逻辑思维方法对文章进行高度概括或总结的能力。

 

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A quarrel at home may result in you falling ill. Don’t laugh, it’s true. Family matters including living habits and even the way we speak have a big effect on our health, doctors say.
Wang Xiaoyu, a Senior 2 girl from Xichang, Sichuan Province, fainted (晕倒) in class when she heard her classmates quarrel at the top of their voices. Quarrels between her parents also put the girl into a coma. It is because she is suffering from depression (抑郁症), caused by bad relations at home, doctors explained.
“We don’t get sick or stay well by ourselves,” says Dr Robert Ferrer from the US. Ferrer shows that family forces may explain up to a quarter of health problems, in his recent research. The genes you get from your family may cause illness. If one of your parents has a heart attack, your risk of being affected may double. But effects on health are not only written in our DNA.
Unrelated people who live under the same roof also get similar problems. Diet, lifestyle and environment affect our health, too. Ferrer’s research also found that if teenagers feel they are ignored or unimportant at home they are more likely to get sick.
We may never fully understand all the effects that families have on our health. But just as individual (个别的) problems can have effects on others, a small improvement can have big benefits, Ferrer said.
【小题1】Which of the following can best explain why Wang Xiaoyu fainted in class?

A.Because her classmates often quarreled in class.
B.Because her parents used to quarrel.
C.Because of her depression caused by bad family relations.
D.Because her classmates shouted loudly at her.
【小题2】According to Dr Ferrer, which of the following statements is TRUE?
A.We get sick or stay well by ourselves.
B.Only the genes we get from our family have a big effect on our health.
C.Our health has nothing to do with diet, lifestyle and environment.
D.Teenagers who are ignored at home get sick more easily than those who are not.
【小题3】The underlined word “coma” in Paragraph2 probably means ________.
A.surpriseB.faintC.tirednessD.sadness
【小题4】The best title for this passage is ________.
A.Family relations.B.The reasons why we get sick.
C.Family---- another cause to healthD.A research about health.

I came to live here where I am now between Wounded Knee Greek and Grass Greek。Others came too, and we made these little grey houses of logs that you see, and they are square. It is a bad way to live, for there can be no power in a square.
You have noticed that everything an Indian does is in a circle, and that is because the Power of the World always works in circles, and everything tries to be round. In the old days when we were strong and happy people, all our power came to us from the respectful circle of the nation, and so long as the circle was unbroken, the people were getting rich. The flowering tree was the living center of the circle, and the circle of the four quarters nursed it. The east gave peace and light, the south gave warmth, the west gave rain, and the north with its cold and strong wind gave strength and continuous power.
This knowledge came to us from the outer world with our brief. Everything the Power of the World does is done in a circle. The sky is round, and I have heard that the earth is round like a ball, and so are all the stars. Birds make their nests in circle, for theirs are the same as ours. The sun comes forth and goes down again in a circle. The moon does the same, and both are round. Even the seasons form a great circle in their changing, and always come back again to where they were. The life of a man is a circle from childhood to childhood, and so it is in everything where power moves.
Our places were like the nests of birds, and these were always set in a circle, the nation’s circle, a nest of many nests, where the Great Spirit meant for us to nurse our children.
But the “white people” have put us in these square boxes. Our power is gone and we are dying, for the power is not in us any more. You can look at our boys and see how it is with us. Where we were living by the power of the circle in the way we should, boys were men at twelve or thirteen years of age. But now it takes them very much longer to grow up.
【小题1】According to the passage, the Indians _______.

A.don’t have modern instruments in their homes
B.refused to move from round places
C.lived in round places, but were forced to live in square houses
D.lived in round places, but then decided to move into square houses
【小题2】Two things being compared in the passage are _______.
A.the Indians’ past and present living conditions
B.the Indians’ past and modern beliefs
C.the Indians’ old and new power
D.people and nature
【小题3】In the second paragraph “the four quarters” refers to _______.
A.the four rooms of the Indian’s house
B.the four kinds of natural power
C.the four seasons
D.the four directions
【小题4】According to the author, once the Indians moved into square houses, _______.
A.they had to move to other houses
B.boys took more time to grow into men
C.they forgot the old way of life
D.everyone was not happy

One of the most remarkable things about the human mind is our ability to imagine the future. In our   16  we can see what has not yet happened.For example, while we are looking forward to visiting a new place or country, we   17  what it will be like. We predict the   18  people will eat, dress and act. Of course, we do not always predict things correctly. Things are often very different from the way we   19  them to be.

One of the   20  dreams in history is the dream of the German scientist, Kekule, who had been   21  to work out a very difficult problem in physics. He had   22  and analyzed the problem from every angle for days, but there seemed to be no way of   23  out the answer. Then one night he went to bed and dreamed.When he   24  up, he realized that he knew the answer. He had solved the problem in his   25 .

The hypnotist(催眠者) sat in the chair opposite him and spoke   26 : I want you to concentrate on my voice. Think about nothing. You know nothing but my voice. And as you pay attention to my voice, your   27  will get heavier. Soon you’ll be asleep.

You will hear my voice and   28  my words, but your body will be asleep, your eyes are too heavy. You are almost asleep, and when you wake up you will   29  nothing.

You will forget everything. Now I am going to   30  slowly from one to five. One, two, three, four, five.

1.                A.brains          B.senses          C.sights D.minds

 

2.                A.imagine        B.know           C.feel  D.guess

 

3.                A.custom         B.way            C.style D.habit

 

4.                A.required        B.wished         C.left  D.expected

 

5.                A.famous         B.dull            C.funny    D.silly

 

6.                A.trying          B.managing       C.thinking  D.hoping

 

7.                A.learned        B.studied         C.discussed D.surveyed

 

8.                A.finding         B.making         C.turning   D.letting

 

9.                A.gave           B.sat             C.woke D.got

 

10.               A.lesson         B.dream         C.research  D.exercise

 

11.               A.softly          B.loudly          C.slowly D.firmly

 

12.               A.head          B.feet           C.eyes  D.body

 

13.               A.believe         B.understand      C.take  D.repeat

 

14.               A.accept         B.receive         C.hear  D.remember

 

15.               A.add           B.say            C.count D.speak

 

 

Do you know how it is when you see someone yawn and you start yawning too? Or how hard it is to be among people laughing and not laugh yourself? Well, apparently it's because we have mirror neurons (神经元)in our brains.

Put simply, the existence of mirror neurons suggests that every time we see someone else do something, our brains imitate (模仿)it, whether or not we actually perform the same action. This explains a great deal about how we learn to smile, talk, walk, dance or play sports. But the idea goes further: mirror neurons not only appear to explain physical actions, they also tell us that there is a biological basis for the way we understand other people.

Mirror neurons can undoubtedly be found all over our brains, but especially in the areas which relate to our ability to use languages, and to understand how other people feel. Researchers have found that mirror neurons relate strongly to language. A group of researchers discovered that if they gave people sentences to listen to (for example: "The hand took hold of the ball"), the same mirror neurons were triggered as when the action was actually performed (in this example, actually taking hold of a ball).

Any problems with mirror neurons may well result in problems with behavior. Much research suggests that people with social and behavioral problems have mirror neurons which are not fully functioning. However, it is not yet known exactly how these discoveries might help find treatments for social disorders.

Research into mirror neurons seems to provide us with even more information concerning how humans behave and interact (互动). Indeed, it may turn out to be the equivalent (相等物)for neuroscience of what Einstein's theory of relativity was for physics. And the next time you feel the urge to cough in the cinema when someone else does—well, perhaps you'll understand why.

1.Mirror neurons can explain _________.

A.why we cry when we are hurt

B.why we cough when we suffer from a cold

C.why we smile when we see someone else smile

D.why we yawn when we see someone else stay up late

2.The underlined word "triggered" in the third paragraph probably means “_________”.

A.set off            B.cut off            C.built up           D.broken up

3.We can learn from the passage that mirror neurons _________.

A.relate to human behavior and interaction

B.control human physical actions and feelings

C.result in bad behavior and social disorders

D.determine our knowledge and language abilities

4.What is the passage mainly about?

A.Ways to find mirror neurons.              B.Problems of mirror neurons.

C.Existence of mirror neurons.               D.Functions of mirror neurons.

 

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