题目内容

How can you find out what is going on inside a person' s body without opening the patient up? Regular X-rays can show a lot. CAT scans can show even more. They can give three-dimensional(三维) view of body organs(器官).
What is a CAT scan? CAT stands for Computerized Axial Tomography(层面X线照相术). It is a special X-ray machine that gets a 360 - degree picture of a small area of a patient's body.
Doctors use X-rays to study and examine diseases and injuries within the body. X-rays can find foreign objects inside the body or to take pictures of some organs inside if special things as dyes or special liquids are added to the organs to be X-rayed.
A CAT scanner, however, uses a beam(光束) of X-rays to give a cross-sectional view of a particular part of the body. A fine beam of X-rays is scanned across the body and circled around the patient from many different angles(角度). A computer analyzes(分析) the information from each angle and produces a clear cross-sectional picture on the screen. This picture is then photographed for later use. Several cross-sections, taken one after another, can give a clear "photo" of the entire body or of any body organs. The newest CAT scanners can even give a clear picture of active, moving organs just as a fast-action camera can "stop the action" giving clear pictures of what appear only mistily(模糊) to the eye. And because of the 360 - degree pictures, CAT scans show 3-dimensional views of organs in a manner that was once only seen during surgery or autopsy (examining a dead body).
小题1:According to the first two paragraphs, doctors can see the inside of a patient's body by ______.
A．giving the patient an operation
B．checking body organs
C．getting a 360-degree picture of a small area of a patient's body
D．examining the CAT
小题2:From the last paragraph, we can infer that ______.
A．the newest pictures become more misty
B．many pictures can be taken at the same time
C．the information about the scanned patient is not highly valued
D．some pictures of the scanned parts of the body are developed for further examinations in the future
小题3:The best title of this passage might be ______.
A．Modern X-rayB．Three-dimensional View
C．Fast - moving CameraD．CAT Scan

小题1:C
小题2:D
小题3:D

小题1:常规的手术、检查无法透视病人，只有外科手术、尸检、CAT技术才能让医生达到目的。CAT是技术，不是图片，因此选项D错。
小题2:根据最后一段第4句 This picture is then photographed for later use.
小题3:文章主要讲述的是CAT技术在医学上的使用，选项D比选项A更准确。
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Winter depression (or winter blues) is a common affliction (折磨) for those who live in our northern climate. Its clinical name is seasonal affective disorder (or SAD) and up to 5% of the population (especially in northern states) may suffer from it. Seasonal affective disorder is characterized by feelings of sadness and depression that occur in the winter months when the temperatures drop and the days grow short . The depression is often associated with excessive eating or sleeping and weight gain. Women are twice to three times more likely to suffer from the winter blues than men.
There are many effective treatments for winter depression, some of which you can do to help yourself. Increasing your daily exposure to as much natural light as possible can be helpful to many. Any time that you have the opportunity to gain access to more sunlight in the winter months, you should try to do so. Taking walks throughout the day (even if you don’t normally do so), sitting next to a south-facing window at your office, in a classroom, or at home will increase your sunlight exposure. Exercising next to a window or outdoors (when possible) is another activity that can help.
Although it may be difficult to do, maintaining your schedule and lifestyle will help to keep the depression at bay. A regular pattern of sleep is the most important thing to maintain. It may be helpful, for instance, to have your bedroom lights on a timer to turn on a half-hour before you wake. This may help in waking at a regular time every morning, when it is still dark outside in the winter months.
Light therapy has shown to be an effective treatment for seasonal affective disorder. While you can purchase expensive, specialized light therapy lighting fixtures for your home or office, some inexpensive alternatives are also available. Another lighting technique to try is to replace commonly used light bulbs in your home with brighter full spectrum (also known as broad spectrum) light bulbs. While more expensive than regular light bulbs, these bulbs provide light that is similar to natural sunlight.
If none of these techniques seem to help your depressive symptoms, you should consider consulting your family physician or a mental health professional. The winter blues are a form of depression and can be readily treated w ith medications or psychotherapy when other self-help methods aren’t effective. Don’t be afraid to talk about this condition with a professional; it’s nothing to be ashamed or afraid of. With a little effort, the winter blues can be beaten
小题1: What do we know about winter depression?
A．It is very common where the weather is cold.
B．It may lead to weight gain.
C．It occurs when the temperatures drop.
D．It seldom affects men.
小题2:What is the most important factor in the therapy introduced in the second paragraph?
A．Exposure to natural light.
B．Sports in winter months.
C．Outdoor activities.
D．Sunlight through the window.
小题3:What does “to keep the depression at bay” mean in the third paragraph?
A．To shorten the duration of the depression.
B．To use light to resist the depression.
C．To keep the depression manageable and minimal.
D．To delay the occurrence of the depression.
小题4: For winter depression, light therapy ___________.
A．is much more effective than other kinds of therapy
B．is so expensive that some may not be able to afford it
C．encourages people to do outdoor exercises
D．needs specialized bulbs to replace ordinary ones
小题5:We can infer from the passage that __________.
A．self-help methods do not work 100% of the time
B．medications or psychotherapy is much more effective
C．mental health professionals don’t recommend self- help methods
D．most people prefer self-help methods to medications
Wine drinkers tend to buy healthier food than beer drinkers, according to a Danish study published on Tuesday on the website of a weekly medical magazine.
People who bought wine at the store were also more likely to buy fruit, vegetables, fish, lean meat (瘦肉) and milk than beer buyers did, said the study.
Beer buyers were more likely to buy frozen dinners, cold cuts, pork, sugary products, and soft drinks.
The study was conducted by four researchers from the National Institute of Public Health over the course of six months.
Alcohol researchers Erik Schulenburg and Marten Greenback and two other doctors collected 3.5 million receipts from 98 stores. The customers at the stores represented a large number of Danish people, they said.
“Our results confirm international studies which show that wine drinkers tend to eat more fruit, vegetables and fish and rarely eat fats, compared to those who like other kinds of alcoholic drinks,” they concluded.
Wine buyers also tended to have higher education levels, higher earnings and be in better mental health, they added.
Their interest in consumers’ shopping bags followed a series of studies in the Danish media. The studies suggested that wine drinkers ran a lower risk of cardiovascular (心血管的) disease and some types of cancer than beer drinkers.
小题1:The passage mainly tells us that wine drinkers ______.
A．eat more vegetables than beer drinkers
B．usually buy healthier food than beer drinkers
C．are mostly healthier than beer drinkers
D．run a lower risk of diseases than beer drinkers
小题2:According to the passage, beer buyers are less likely to buy ______.
A．cold cutsB．porkC．soft drinksD．vegetables
小题3:The researchers did the study mainly by means of ______.
A．handing out papers with a list of questions
B．collecting receipts from stores
C．watching what customers bought at stores
D．visiting some families throughout the country
小题4:Which of the following is NOT a feature of wine drinkers according to the passage?
A．Rarely eating fats.B．Being in better mental health.
C．Exercising more.D．Having higher education levels.
Childhood is a happy time, right? Not necessarily. Consider these facts.
Depression(抑郁症) may occur in as many as 1 in 33 children.
Once a child has an episode(一段情节) of depression, he or she has a 50 percent chance of experiencing another episode in the next 5 years.
Suicide(自杀) is the 6th leading cause of death for 5–to–15-year-olds.
If your child experiences 5 or more of these signs or symptoms(症状) for at least 2 weeks, he or she may be experiencing depression or another mental illness.
Feeling——Does your child demonstrate:
Sadness               Emptiness
Hopelessness          Guilt
Worthlessness
Lack of enjoyment in everyday pleasures
Thinking ——Is your child having trouble:
Concentrating        Making decisions
Completing schoolwork
Maintaining grades
Maintaining friendships
Physical problems—Does your child complain of :
Headaches            Stomachaches
Lack of energy
Sleeping problems ( too much or too little)
Weight or appetite changes ( gain or loss)
Suicide risk--Does your child talk or think about:
Suicide
Death
Other morbid （生病的）subjects
Behavior problems ——Is your child:
Irritable                              Not wanting to go to school    
Wanting to be alone most of the time       Having difficulty getting along with others
Cutting classes or skipping school         Dropping out of sports, hobbies or other activities
Drinking alcohol or using drugs.
Sometimes, a child who causes problems at school or at home may actually be depressed, according to the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry. If you think your child may be depressed, it’s important to have your child treated. Discuss your child’s problems with his or her doctor. The doctor may suggest a referral to a children’s psychologist(心理医生)or psychiatrist（精神病医生）.
Treatment may include individual and family therapy(治疗), along with an antidepressant medication (抗抑郁药)
小题1:This article is particularly written for ____.
A．parentsB．teachersC．childrenD．psychologists
小题2: Which statement describes a child who may have physical problems?
A．The child is always in high mood.
B．The child always feels tired but sleeps only four hours a day.
C．The child hates to study.
D．The child can not concentrate on one thing for a long period.
小题3: When your child always talks about death or other morbid subjects, he or she___
A．may has trouble in thinkingB．may have suicide risk
C．may have behavior problemsD．may have physical problems
小题4:What should we do when we find our kids experiencing depression?
A．Ask for leave to accompany them at home.
B．Ask them to take antidepressant immediately.
C．Go to see the doctor.
D．Ask them to have a good rest.
Alzheimer’s disease is a major national health problem. Nearly 2 million Americans over the age of 65 have Alzheimer’s disease. It is a leading cause of death among the elderly. But Alzheimer’s disease is not confined(限于)to the aged. There may be a million or more people under the age of 65 suffering from the disease.?
At one time, people suffering from the disease were said to be“getting old”.The disease was though to be a natural part of growing old, but it is now known that Alzheimer’s disease strikes young and old alike. It is an organic(器官的)disease that destroys brain cells.?
Alzheimer’s disease affects the patient’s memory, speech, and movement. In the beginning stages of the disease, the patient may seem slightly confused. He may have trouble speaking. Then the patient’s memory begins to fail. He may forget dates, telephone numbers, names and plans.?
As the disease progresses, the patient may not recognize family and friends. These symptoms(症状)often cause terrible anxiety in the patient. He may feel lost and frightened. Sometimes the patient reacts with wild and bad behavior.?
In the last stages of the disease, the patient may not be able to take care of himself. He may have lost the ability to speak and walk.?
Scientists don’t know exactly what causes Alzheimer’s disease. It may be caused by a virus(病毒).It may be caused by a poisonous substance(物质)in the environment. At present, there is no cure for the disease. But there are ways to slow its progress. Exercise and physical treatment can help the patients of this disease.?
小题1:The main idea of the passage is that Alzheimer’s disease________.?
A．is a terrible part of the aging process?
B．is an organic disease that affects young and old?
C．can be cured by physical treatment?
D．causes forgetfulness
小题2:All of the following are symptoms of Alzheimer’s disease EXCEPT_________.?
A. forgetfulness                       B. difficulty in speaking?
.loss of sight                        D. loss of the ability to walk
小题3:According to the passage, which of the following may be a cause of Alzheimer’s disease??
A．Poisons produced by the brain.B．Getting old.?
C．A virus.D．Lack of exercise.
小题4:he progress of Alzheimer’s disease can be slowed by________.?
A．operation B．a change in environment?
C．medicinesD．physical treatment and exercise
  Centuries ago, man discovered that removing moisture from food helps to store it, and that the easiest way to do this is to expose the food to sun and wind.
All foods including water — cabbage and other leaf vegetables contains as much as 93% water, potatoes and other root vegetables 80%, lean (瘦的) meat 75% and fish, anything from 80% to 60%, depending on how fatty it is. If this water is removed, the activity of the bacteria which cause food to go bad is controlled.
Nowadays most foods are dried mechanically. The conventional method of such dehydration (脱水) is to put food in chambers (室) through which hot air is blown at temperature of about ll0'C at entry to about 43'C at exit. This is the usual method for drying such things as vegetables, minced meat, and fish.
Liquids such as milk, coffee, tea, soups and eggs may be dried by pouring them over a heated steel cylinder (圆筒), then put them into a chamber through which a current of hot air passes. In the first process, the dried material comes off the roller (滚筒) as a thin film which is then broken up into small, though still relatively flakes (薄片). In the second process it falls to the bottom of the chamber as small powder. Where recognizable pieces of meat and vegetables are required, as in soup, the ingredients (成分) are dried separately and then mixed.
Dried foods take up less room and weigh less than the same food packed in cans or
frozen, and they do not need to be stored in special conditions. For these reasons they
are invaluable to the climbers, explorers and soldiers in battle, who have little storage
space. They are also popular with housewives because it takes so little time to cook
them.
小题1:It can be inferred from the passage that ________.
A．the rattier fish contain as much water as the lean one
B．the rattier the fish is, the more water it may contain
C．a fatty fish holds less water than a lean one
D．the water content of fish has nothing to do with the content of their fat
小题2: The underlined word "conventional" in Paragraph 3 can most probably be replaced by _________.
A．particularB．scientificC．usualD．special
小题3:Which of the following statements is NOT true about drying food?
A．The removal of water in food helps prevent it from going rotten.
B．The open-air method of drying food has been known for hundreds of years.
C．In the course of dehydration, the temperature of hot current coming from entry to exit is gradually going up.
D．The process of drying liquids is much more complex than that of drying solid food.
小题4:The last paragraph mainly talks about __________.
A．the reason why housewives like dried food
B．the general convenience of dried food
C．the methods of storing food
D．the advantages of dried, canned and frozen food
Ｃ
A Brown University sleep researcher has some advice for people who run high schools: Don’t start classes so early in the morning. It may not be that the students who nod off at their desks are lazy. And it may not be that their parents have failed to enforce (确保) bedtime. Instead, it may be that biologically these sleepyhead students aren’t used to the early hour.
“Maybe these kids are being asked to rise at the wrong time for their bodies,” says Mary Carskadon, a professor looking at problem of adolescent  (青春期的) sleep at Brown’s School of Medicine.
Carskadon is trying to understand more about the effects of early school time in adolescents. And, at a more basic level. she and her team are trying to learn more about how the biological changes of adolescence affect sleep needs and patterns.
Carskadon says her work suggests that adolescents may need more sleep than they did at childhood, no less, as commonly thought.
Sleep patterns change during adolescence, as any parent of an adolescent can prove. Most adolescents prefer to stay up later at nigh and sleep later in the morning. But it’s not just a matter of choice –their bodies are going through a change of sleep patters.
All of this makes the transfer from middle school to high school—which may start one hour earlier in the morning  ---- all the more difficult , Carskadon says. With their increased need for sleep and their biological clocks set on the “sleep late, rise late” pattern, adolescent are up against difficulties when it conics to trying to be up by 5 or 6 a.m. for a 7:30 a.m. first hell. A short sleep on a desktop may be their body’s way of saying. “I need a timeout.”
小题1:Carskadon suggests that high schools should not start classes so early in the morning because ________.
A．it is really tough for parents to enforce bedtime
B．it is biologically difficult for students to rise early
C．students work so late at night that they can’t get up early
D．students are so lazy that they don’t like to go to school early
小题2:The underlined phrase “nod off” most probably means “ _______”.
A．turn aroundB．agree with othersC．fall asleepD．refuse to work
小题3:What might be a reason for the hard transfer from middle school to high school?
A．Adolescents depend more on their parents.
B．Adolescents have to choose their sleep patterns.
C．Adolescents sleep better than they did at childhood.
D．Adolescents need more sleep than they used to.
小题4:What is the test mainly about?
A．Adolescent heath care.B．Problems in adolescent learning.
C．Adolescent sleep difficulties.D．Changes in adolescent sleep needs and patterns.
“Children who eat less salt and drink fewer sugar-sweetened soft drinks may significantly lower their risks of obesity,” researchers recently reported in the journal Hypertension.
“Sugar-sweetened soft drinks are a significant source of calorie intake in children,” said Feng J. He, a researcher at St George’s University of London, England. “It has been shown that sugar-sweetened soft drink consumption is related to obesity in young people.” They wanted to know whether there is a link between salt intake and sugar-sweetened soft drink consumption.
Dr He and colleagues analyzed data from a 1997 national survey of more than 2,000 people between 4 and 18 in Britain. “We found that children eating a lower-salt diet drank less fluid,” said He. “From our research, we estimated that 1 gram of salt cut from their daily diet would reduce fluid intake by 100 grams per day.”
The researchers also found that children eating a lower-salt diet drank fewer sugar-sweetened soft drinks. From their research, they predicted that reducing salt intake by 1 gram each day would reduce sugar-sweetened soft drink consumption by 27 grams per day, after. “If children aged 4 to 18 cut their salt intake by half, there would be a decrease of about two sugar-sweetened soft drinks per week per child, so each child would decrease calorie intake by almost 250 kilocalories per week,” Dr He said.
In previous studies, researchers found that a low-salt diet lowers blood pressure in children, and prevents the development of high blood pressure later in life. “Both high blood pressure and obesity increase the risk of having strokes and heart attacks,” Dr He said.
Dr He recommends that parents check labels and choose low-salt food products. “Small reductions in the salt content of 10 to 20 percent cannot be detected by the human salt taste receptors (感受器) and do not cause any technological or safety problems,” Dr He said.
小题1:According to the passage, obesity is directly linked to ______.
A．high-salt foods
B．sugar-sweetened soft drinks
C．high blood pressure
D．strokes and heart attacks
小题2:Compared with previous studies, the recent one found that ______.
A．a lower-salt diet may mean less sugar-sweetened soft drink consumption
B．a low-salt diet keeps children out of high blood pressure
C．children face the risk of having strokes and heart attacks
D．low-salt food products do not do harm to people’s health
小题3:Which of the following statements would Dr He agree to?
A．The less salt people eat, the healthier people become.
B．Children should reduce fluid intake in their daily life.
C．No high-salt food products will be available in shops.
D．A low-salt diet may prevent both high blood pressure and obesity.
小题4:After reading the passage, who should take effective action?
A．Children.B．Parents.C．Doctors.D．Researchers.
　When I was in my second year of senior high school, a girl called Jeanie in my class made a big name for herself. She had successfully　　the interviews for a famous women’s university in the USA.
On hearing the news, I told the girl that I　　her very much. Then, she　　at me and said the words I will never　　. “You can also do it! If you have　　, you realize them. You see, 　　action, dreams are still dreams. If you　　, the dreams will come true. ”Her words gave me so much　　. She encouraged me to take action to achieve my dreams. From then on, I spent a lot of time　　an article for competitions. It was a really　　for me, not only for my writing but also a　　of my courage.
After several days’ hard work, I finished it. Even though I lacked　　, I still handed it in. I knew it was the only　　that may make my dreams come true. But day in and day out, I　　waiting and waiting, yet I heard nothing. I was very　　then.
One day, however, a classmate of mine　　to an English newspaper and said　　, “Mary, your　　is in the newspaper! Is that your article? ”My heart beat heavily. With shock and joy, I　　the newspaper. The thing I thought was　　had really happened.
小题1:
A．begun　　B．given　　C．attended　　D．passed
小题2:
A．lovedB．admired
C．congratulatedD．thanked
小题3:
A．smiledB．aimedC．laughedD．shouted
小题4:
A．doubtB．understand
C．forgetD．accept
小题5:
A．designs B．demandsC．actionsD．dreams
小题6:
A．intoB．byC．withoutD．with
小题7:
A．tryB．like C．work D．live
小题8:
A．painB．inspiration
C．surprise D．advice
小题9:
A．seeking B．reciting
C．readingD．preparing
小题10:
A．shockB．turn C．challengeD．success
小题11:
A．testB．risk C．part D．reward
小题12:
A．self-respectB．self-confidence
C．enthusiasmD．dream
小题13:
A．wayB．suggestion
C．question D．purpose
小题14:
A．hated B．kept
C．meantD．remembered
小题15:
A．worriedB．surprised
C．disappointed D．ashamed
小题16:
A．wrote B．explainedC．returned D．pointed
小题17:
A．proudlyB．hopelessly
C．excitedlyD．angrily
小题18:
A．nameB．writingC．reportD．diary
小题19:
A．picked outB．picked up
C．made out D．made up
小题20:
A．incorrectB．impossible
C．interestingD．special

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