Question

The common cold is the world's most widespread illness, which is a serious infection that man receives.
The most widespread mistake of all is that colds are caused by cold. They are not. They are caused by viruses passing on from person to person. You catch a cold by touching directly or indirectly, with someone who already has one. If cold causes colds, it would be reasonable to expect the Eskimos to suffer from them forever. But they do not. And in separate Arctic (北极的)areas, explorers have reported being free from colds until touching again with infected people from the outside world by way of packages and mail dropped from airplanes.
During the First World War, soldiers who spent long periods in the trenches, cold and wet, seldom caught colds.
In the Second World War, prisoners at Auschwitz concentration camp, bare and starved, were astonished to find that they seldom had colds.
At the Common Cold Research Unit in England, volunteers took part in experiments in which they gave themselves to the discomforts of being cold and wet for a long time. After taking hot baths, they put on bathing suits, allowed themselves to be with cold water, and then stood about dripping wet in a room. Some wore wet socks all day while others exercised in the rain until close to exhaustion. Not one of the volunteers came down with a cold unless a cold virus was actually dropped in his nose.
If then, cold and wet have nothing to do with catching colds, why are they more frequent in winter? Despite the most hard research, no one has yet found out the answer. One explanation offered by scientists is that people tend to stay together indoors more in cold weather than at other times, and that makes it easier for cold viruses to be passed on.
No one has yet found a cure for the cold. There are drugs and pain-killers such as aspirin, but all that they do is to reduce the symptoms.
【小题1】The writer thinks the cause of catching cold is due to_______.

A．touching anyone directly

B．touching anyone indirectly

C．cold weather

D．getting viruses from person to person

【小题2】Arctic explorers may catch colds when___.

A．they are working in the separate Arctic areas

B．they are writing reports in terribly cold weather

C．they are free from work in the isolated Arctic regions

D．they are coming into touch again with the outside world

【小题3】Volunteers taking part in the experiments in the Common Cold Research Unit___.

A．suffered a lot	B．never caught colds
C．often caught colds	D．became very strong

【小题4】The passage mainly discusses___.

A．the experiments on the common cold

B．the mistake about the common cold

C．the reason and the way people catch colds

D．the continued spread of common colds

Answer 1

【小题1】D
【小题2】D
【小题3】A
【小题4】C

解析试题分析：本文介绍了人们感冒的原因和患上敢买的途径。
【小题1】D 细节题。根据第二段第二句They are caused by viruses passing on from person to person.说明D正确。
【小题2】D 细节题。根据第二段后三行And in separate Arctic (北极的)areas, explorers have reported being free from colds until touching again with infected people from the outside world by way of packages and mail dropped from airplanes.说明这些人在北极没有感冒，与病毒接触以后才会感冒，故D项正确。
【小题3】A 细节题。根据第五段volunteers took part in experiments in which they gave themselves to the discomforts of being cold and wet for a long time. After taking hot baths, they put on bathing suits, allowed themselves to be with cold water, and then stood about dripping wet in a room. Some wore wet socks all day while others exercised in the rain until close to exhaustion.说明这些志愿者在这次活动中受了很多的折磨，故A正确。
【小题4】C 主旨大意题题，本文主要讲述的就是感冒不是由寒冷引起的，而是由病毒的传染引起的。文章中的多个例子都有力地证明了这一点，故文章讲述的就是感冒的原因和途径。C项正确。
考点：考查科普类短文
点评：本文所设试题主要考察细节查找，对于文章中的细节题，要注意文本内容的理解。关键是找出原文的根据，认真核查题支和原文的异同，常犯错误有：绝对化语言，范围扩大或缩小，以偏概全，张冠李戴等。带着问题，再读全文，找出答题所需要的依据，完成阅读。