题目内容

阅读理解。
     Vans, Keds, Dollies-they sound like the names of rock bands, but if you have teenagers, you'll know they're
actually the latest in teenage footwear.
     But experts are now warning that the current shoe fashions will be causing teenagers discomfort in the short
term and storing up years of foot, knee and back pain in the future.
     Here, the experts identify the problems caused by teenagers' shoe choice.
KEDS/VANS
     Slip-on shoes with elastic (弹性的) sides are particularly popular among teenage boys-
with Keds and Vans the most sought-after brands.
     The main problem is that they are just too flat-so flat that the heel, which strikes the
ground first, also becomes damaged and painful.
BALLET PUMPS
     The worst shoes of all are such light and thin dolly shoes. The problem is partly their
flatness, as with Keds and Vans. However ballet pumps, which have no string or heel, have
other specific problems.
     "As the shoe has no fastening device, it relies on the toes to keep the shoe on, causing an
awkward gait (步法), this leads to short- and long-term problems such as calluses (茧子),
heel and knee pain."
WEDGES AND STILETTOS
     These shoes can also cause problems with gait. They may look good, but the heels on
these are so high they can force the wearer's body weight forward, making them very
unstable.
     Teens who wear these shoes regularly are also in danger of joining those millions of
women with constant back pain.
SCHOOL SHOES
     So what do podiatrists (足科医生) have on their wish list, especially for everyday wear?
     Something in a natural, breathable fabric, with a string to hold it on, with a small heel and a deep toe-box that
does not press the toes, such as Clark's, Marks & Spencer or Rhino.
     If your teen insists on wearing 'bad' shoes, get them some simple foot orthotics (矫形器) in the shoes. These
support and correct the movement of the foot and, properly fitted by a podiatrist, can often transform their walk
and halt the damage.
1. Of all the shoes mentioned in the passage, which can cause the worst problems?
A. Marks & Spencer.
B. Wedges & Stilettos.
C. Keds and Vans.
D. Ballet Pumps.
2. Which pair of shoes may not be found on the podiatrists' wish list?
A.  B.  C.  D.
3. The underlined word "halt" in the last paragraph probably means _____.
A. increase
B. worsen
C. stop
D. cure
4. From this passage we can infer _____.
A. trendy shoes may ruin teenagers' health
B. fashionable shoes all have orthotics in them
C. experts are strongly against wearing popular shoes
D. podiatrists are expert at producing branded shoes
5. In which column of Mail Online can you find this passage?
A. Sports.
B. Science.
C. Health.
D. Shopping.
1-5 DBCAC
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阅读理解

　　From Mr．Ward Hoffman．

　　Sir, I was halfway through Professor Raj Persaud’s article “What’s the tipping point”(Financial Times Weekend, April 9-10)when it occurred to me that what I was reading was not ironic(讽刺的)．If Prof Persaud wants to know why Americans tip in restaurants, he needs only to ask the first American he meets in London．

　　Americans tip in restaurants for one reason, and one reason only：we tip to supplement(补贴)the salary of restaurant workers．Quality of service does not enter into it, beyond the fact that one may tip a bit less for poor service, or a little more for good service．Not tipping at all in a non-fast-food restaurant is not a choice．In the US, one used to tip about 15 per cent for dining in a family-style restaurant or in an up-market(高档的)restaurant．Here, in San Francisco Bay area restaurants, we are encouraged to tip 20 per cent or more, to help restaurant workers live in this very expensive area．

　　After eating at an Italian restaurant in my city, I left a tip of 20 per cent on the non-tax part of our dinner bill．It was expected．There is nothing more complicated(复杂的)than that about Americans tipping in restaurants．

　　Ward Hoffman, Palo Alto, CA 94306, US

　　***

　　From Mr．Philip McBride Johnson．

　　Sir, I agree with most of Raj Persaud’s opinion about the doubtful value of tipping, but with one exception(例外)．Tips can be very useful when one is a repeat customer or diner．It is only when the tipper is a stranger and likely to remain so that the system does not work to his or her advantage．But frequent a hotel or a restaurant, always tip a bit more, and the difference in service and treatment will be easily felt．

　　Philip McBride Johnson, Great Falls, VA 22066, US

(1)

What can we learn from Hoffman’s letter?

[　　]

A．

Quality of service determines tipping in the US．

B．

Americans don’t tip in non fast-food restaurants．

C．

Tipping in US up-market restaurant is unnecessary．

D．

How to tip in the United States is not complicated．

(2)

Johnson’s letter shows _________．

[　　]

A．

a stranger in a restaurant is likely to tip a bit more

B．

diners receive better service if they frequent a restaurant

C．

repeat diners may get good service if they tip a bit more

D．

the tipping system works to the advantage of new customers

(3)

From the two letters, we can learn Professor Raj Persaud _________．

[　　]

A．

feels doubtful about the value of tipping

B．

believes tipping improves quality of service

C．

wants to ask Hoffman about tipping m the US

D．

thinks tipping a bit more one can get good service

(4)

The two letters most probably appears in a _________．

[　　]

A．

notice

B．

handbook

C．

book review

D．

newspaper

阅读理解

　　AMERICANA HOTEL CRYSTAL CITY

　　Convenient location 5 minutes from Washington D．C．and one block to Crystal City METRO(地铁),Crystal City Underground, Alexandria．Free Parking, free Deluxe Continental Breakfast and complimentary(收费的)Hotel Shuttle Service to Ronald Reagan Washington National Airport．

　　14000 Jefferson Davis Hwy(endurance on S．Eads St．)

Phone(703)979-3722

　　DAYS INN ARLINGTON

　　Days Inn Arlington is located two miles from the Pentagon, Lincoln Memorial．There is a restaurant which serves American style food, plus two meeting rooms and an outdoor pool．Complimentary shuttle service runs to the Rosslyn Metro Station．Complimentary parking is available on the property．An experienced staff welcomes guests．

Phone(703)525-0300

　　THE HIGHLANDER MOTORINN

　　Comfortable rooms at moderate rates．Convenient location only minutes away from Washington area attraction．Near VA Square METRO Station and Ballston Commons Shopping Mall．Free continental breakfast, free parking．

Phone(703)524-4300

　　HYATT REGENCY CRYSTAL CITY

　　Conveniently located next to Washington National Airport and two miles from Washington D．C．Complimentary Shuttle to and from National Airport, metro, local restaurants and shopping．Experience a view to remember at out rooftop restaurants “Chesapeake Grill．”Call for Reservations．

　　Phone(073)418-12341(800)233-1234

(1)

Which hotel does not provide service to drive its guests to the airport or metro stations?

[　　]

A．

Americana Hotel Crystal City

B．

Days Inn Arlington

C．

The Highlander Motor Inn

D．

Hyatt Regency Crystal City

(2)

If you want to stay in a hotel which provides free parking and free breakfast, which Telephone numbers will you ring to ask for further information?

[　　]

A．

(703)979-3722 or(703)524-4300

B．

(703)524-4300 or(073)418-12341

C．

(073)418-12341 or(703)525-0300

D．

(703)525-0300 or(703)979-3722

(3)

Which hotel is close to airports?

[　　]

A．

Americana Hotel Crystal City

B．

Days Inn Arlington

C．

Hyatt Regency Crystal City

D．

The Highlander Motor Inn

(4)

Steven loves the idea of having delicious meal while enjoying the night view of Washington D．C．He will probably reserve a room by calling ________．

[　　]

A．

(703)524-4300

B．

(073)418-12341

C．

(703)525-0300

D．

(703)979-3722
阅读理解。
     请认真阅读下列短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入最恰当的单词。
     (注意:每空格1个单词)
     WASHINGTON -According to statistics compiled by the Federal Bureau of Investigation,
72 officers were killed by criminals in 2011, increased markedly in recently years.
     The 2011 deaths were the first time that more officers were killed by suspects than car accidents.
The number was the highest in nearly two decades, excluding those who died in the Sept. 11 attacks
in 2001 and the Oklahoma City bombing in 1995.
     While the F.B.I. and other law enforcement(执行) officials cannot fully explain the reasons for the
rise in officer homicides, they are clear about the terrible consequences.
     "In this law enforcement job, when you pin this badge on and go out on calls, when you leave
home, you can't guarantee that you will come back," said Sheriff Ray Foster of Buchanan County,
Va.
     After a series of killings in early 2011, Attorney General Eric H. Holder Jr. asked federal authorities
to work with local police departments to try to come up with solutions to the problem.
      The F.B.I., which has tracked officer deaths since 1937, paid for a study conducted by John Jay
College that found that in many cases the officers were trying to arrest or stop a suspect who had
previously been arrested for a violent crime.
     That prompted the F.B.I. to change what information it will provide to local police departments,
the officials said. Starting this year, when police officers stop a car and call its license plate into the
F.B.I.'s database, they will be told whether the owner of the vehicle has a violent history. Through the
first three months of this year, the number of police fatalities has dropped, though it is unclear why.
     Some law enforcement officials believe that techniques pioneered by the New York Police
Department over the past two decades and adopted by other departments may have put officers at
greater risk by encouraging them to conduct more street stops and to seek out and confront (对抗)
suspects who seem likely to be armed. In New York and elsewhere, police officials moved more
officers into crime-ridden areas.
     Some argue that the rise in violence is linked to the tough economy. With less money, police
departments, after years of staffing increases, have been forced to make cutbacks(削减).
     The police chief in Camden, N.J., J. Scott Thomson, whose force of 400 was cut by nearly half
last year because of financing issues, said that having fewer officers on the street "makes it that much
more difficult to create an environment in which criminals do not feel as encouraged to attack anothe
r person, let alone a law enforcement officer."
     "Every stop can be potentially fatal, so we are trying to make sure the officers are ready and
prepared to face deadly force every single day they go out." Ms. Klimt said.

阅读理解。
                                                             
     Welcome to catch the excitement of your child on film while fishing and enter his or her picture in the
yearly Kids'n Fishing Photo Contest! The contest is sponsored by Virginia Department of Game and Inland
Fisheries (VDGIF) in celebration of National Fishing Week!
     The winning pictures are those that best catch the theme "kids enjoying fishing". Winners will receive
different fishing related prizes. Winning pictures will also be posted on the VDGIF website and may be used
in all kinds of VDGIF publications. There is no need to be a professional photographer. Any photo will do.
     Contest Rules
     ●Children in the photographs must fall into one of the following age groups when the picture is taken:
l-5, 6-10.
     ●Photos must not be more than l year old.
     ●Photos must be taken in Virginia.
     ●Children in a boat must be wearing a life jacket.
     ●Only one photo submission (提交) per child.
     ●Submit photo on photograph quality paper, no CD's accepted.
     ●Photos must not be bigger than "4×6" size.
     ●Please stick a piece of paper to the back of the photo including: name, age, address, phone number and
location where the photograph was taken.
     ●Photos must be postmarked on or before June 19,2011.
     ●Judging will take place in July and winners will be posted on the VDGIF website.
     ●Prizes will be sent directly to the winning children.
     ●This contest isn't open to immediate family of VDGIF employees and sponsors. Immediate family
members refer to children, relatives or others living in the same household with a VDGIF employee or sponsor.
     To Enter:
     Send your photo, with the child's name, age, phone number and address to:
     2011 Kids'n Fishing Photo Contest
     Virginia Department of Game and Inland Fisheries
     P.O. Box 11104
     Richmond, VA 23230-1104
1. The purpose of the contest is to ____.
A. encourage people to take more pictures
B. celebrate a national fishing related activity
C. help people realize the importance of fishing
D. encourage people to go fishing with kids
2. Which of the following photos can enter the contest?
A. A photo which was taken in California in 2009.
B. A large photo whose postmark is July 11, 2011.
C. A photo which was taken in Virginia on Sept. 23, 2010.
D. A photo on which there is a 12-year-old girl.
3. What can be known about the prize of the contest?
A. Winners will get a great deal of money.
B. Winners will be allowed to travel in Virginia for free.
C. Winners' works will be seen on any website.
D. Winners' works may appear on the covers of VDGIF publications.
阅读理解。

     New York times, Nov, 24,2011-It is not just any bug, but the native nine-spotted ladybug.
And its reappearance is something of a relief, because it is the official New York State insect,
even though the last recorded sighting of it in New York was 29 years ago.
     Its absence had not gone completely unnoticed. There was a moment in 2006 when the State
Assembly, realizing that the state insect had left the state, tried to replace it with a different species
of ladybug, an attempt that fortunately gave in to law.
     And now-after all these years-the state insect has been found. Like so many other New Yorkers,
it was seen summering in Amagansett. Peter Priolo, a volunteer participant in an effort called the
Lost Ladybug Project, found the ladybug on July 30 in a patch of sunflowers during a group search
he had organized.
     "I didn't realize it was a nine-spotted when I found it," Mr. Priolo said. He was on his way to do
an end-of-the-day ladybug record, so, he said, "I put it in my jar and hurried back to meet with
everybody."
     If the ladybugs are making a comeback, it is only beginning. The lost Ladybug Project started
surveys in 2000. As of 2006, only five nene-spotted ladybugs had been found in North America in
the previous 10 years, none of them in the East. Then one lone ladybug was found in Arlington,
Va. None had been found in the East since, and only 90 have been reported in North America.
     After scientists at Cornell confirmed Mr. Priolo's find, they went to the Amagansett farm in
mid-August to lead a search that turned up about 20 more of the bugs. An area between rows of
carrots and beans turned out to be a hot spot. "We found a lot of them on cosmos and zinnias," said
Dr. Losey said, an insect expert. The farm is part of the 10,000-acre Peconic Land Trust in Amagansett,
and it is organic. For ladybugs, Dr. Losey said, "you couldn't design a better place."
     Dr. Losey wants to find out if it makes sense to reintroduce this strain of the ladybug in other areas.
And he expects volunteers to be back out in the field when ladybug season starts again in the spring.
Now, he said, "we need to find out more places where there are just as many."

1. The last time the New Yorkers saw their state insect in            .
A. 2000
B. 2006
C. 1998
D. 1982
2. The New Yorkers are so delighted to see the insect because           .
A. it has some bright spots on its back
B. it is the official insect of the city
C. it had been out of sight for quite some time
D. it is a new species unknown to New York
3. What does the second paragraph of the passage imply?
A. It's against the law to bring new insects to New York.
B. The State Assembly don't like to live with Ladybugs.
C. The absence of the state insect had never been known.
D. The state insect had to leave because of a new species.
4. From the last two paragraphs we know that       .
A. only some insect experts are really interested in ladybugs
B. Dr Losey is quite confident about the future of the insect
C. most ladybugs have m moved to live in the down area
D. more vegetables will be grown to welcome the state insect

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