题目内容
【题目】When I was about 12, I had an enemy, a girl who liked to point out my shortcomings(缺点). Wee k by week her list grew: I was very thin, I wasn’t a good student, I talked too much, I was too proud, and so on. I tried to hear all this as long as I could. At last, I became very angry. I ran to my father with tears in my eyes.
He listened to me quietly, then he asked. “Are the things she says true or not? Janet, didn’t you ever wonder what you’re really like ? Well, you now have that girl’s opinion. Go and make a list of everything she said and mark the points that are true. Pay no attention to the other things she said.”
I did as he told me. To my great surprise, I discovered that about half the things were true. Some of them I couldn’t change (like being very thin), but a good number I could—and suddenly I wanted to change. For the first time I go to fairly clear picture of myself.
I brought the list back to Daddy. He refused to take it.“That’s just for you,” he said.“You know better than anyone else the truth about yourself. But you have to learn to listen, not just close your ears in anger and feeling hurt. When something said about you is true, you’ll find it will be of help to you. Our world is full of people who think they know your duty. Don’t shut your ears. Listen to them all, but hear the truth and do what you know is the right thing to do.”
Daddy’s advice has returned to me at many important moments. In my life, I’ve never had a better piece of advice.
【1】What did the father do after he had heard his daughter’s complaint?
A. He told her not to pay any attention to what her“enemy” had said.
B. He criticized (批评) her and told her to overcome her shortcomings.
C. He told her to write down all that her“enemy” had said about her and pay attention only to the things that were true.
D. He refused to take the list and have a look at it.
【2】What does “Week by week her list grew”mean?
A. Week by week she discovered more shortcomings of mine and pointed them out to me.
B. She had made a list of my shortcomings and she kept on adding new ones to it so that it was growing longer and longer.
C. I was having more and more shortcomings as time went on.
D. Week by week, my shortcomings grew more serious.
【3】Why did her father listen to her quietly?
A. Because he believed that what her daughter’s “enemy” said was mostly true.
B. Because he had been so angry with his daughter’s shortcomings that he wanted to show this by keeping silent for a while.
C. Because he knew that his daughter would not listen to him at that moment.
D. Because he wasn’t quite sure which girl was telling the truth.
【4】Which do you think would be the best title for this passage?
A. Not an Enemy, but the Best Friend
B. The Best Advice I’ve Ever Had
C. My Father
D. My Childhood
【答案】
【1】C
【2】A
【3】A
【4】B
【解析】
试题分析：文章主要讲了当“我”12岁时，有一个女生特别喜欢说“我”的缺点，最后我实在无法忍受，哭着向爸爸诉苦，但是爸爸反而很平静地叫“我”把那个女生说的一切列举出来，建议“我”把那些真正存在的缺点一一改正，爸爸的建议在“我”的生活中帮助了我很多。
【1】细节题。 根据第二段爸爸说的话“Go and make a list of everything she said and mark the points that are true. Pay no attention to the other things she said.”可知爸爸是叫我把那个女生说的话都列出来并要注意一下本身自己就有的缺点。故选C。
【2】推断题。结合上下文，在“Week by week her list grew”此句话之前，说的是一个女生喜欢指出“我”的缺点，在此句话之后，作者罗列了一串缺点，可推断出，此句话的意思是“一周周下来，她指出了‘我’越来越多的缺点。故选A。
【3】推断题。当爸爸很平静地听着我把事情说完，他并没有责怪那个女生，反而问“我”那些缺点说的是真的还是假的，并反问我有什么想过那些缺点，再加上现实生活中爸爸对孩子本来就很理解，推断出爸爸是因为相信那个女生说的大部分是真的，所以才很平静地听着。故选A。
【4】主旨大意题。选择合适的标题需要根据文章大意，文章主要讲了当我面对别人指出的缺点时，爸爸的建议让我从这些缺点中学会完善自我，而且他的建议在我日后的生活中给予了我很大帮助。全文线索是爸爸的建议。故选B。
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Simon Sinek is naturally shy and doesn’t like speaking to crowds. At parties, he says he hides alone in the corner or doesn’t even show up in the first place. He prefers the latter. Yet, with some 22 million video views under his belt, the optimistic ethnographer also happens to be the third most-watched TED Talks presenter of all time.
Sinek’s unlikely success as both an inspirational speaker and a bestselling author isn’t just dumb luck. It’s the result of fears faced and erased, trial and error and tireless practice, on and off stage. Here are his secrets for delivering speeches that inspire, inform and entertain.
Don’t talk right away.
Sinek says you should never talk as you walk out on stage. “A lot of people start talking right away, and it’s out of nerves,” Sinek says. “That communicates a little bit of insecurity and fear.”
Instead, quietly walk out on stage. Then take a deep breath, find your place, wait a few seconds and begin. “I know it sounds long and tedious and it feels excruciatingly awkward when you do it,” Sinek says, “but it shows the audience you’re totally confident and in charge of the situation.”
Show up to give, not to take.
Often people give presentations to sell products or ideas, to get people to follow them on social media, buy their books or even just to like them. Sinek calls these kinds of speakers “takers,” and he says audiences can see through these people right away. And, when they do, they disengage.
“We are highly social animals,” says Sinek. “Even at a distance on stage, we can tell if you’re a giver or a taker, and people are more likely to trust a giver — a speaker that gives them value, that teaches them something new, that inspires them — than a taker.”
Speak unusually slowly.
When you get nervous, it’s not just your heart beat that quickens. Your words also tend to speed up. Luckily Sinek says audiences are more patient and forgiving than we know.
“They want you to succeed up there, but the more you rush, the more you turn them off,” he says. “If you just go quiet for a moment and take a long, deep breath, they’ll wait for you. It’s kind of amazing.”
Turn nervousness into excitement.
Sinek learned this trick from watching the Olympics. A few years ago he noticed that reporters interviewing Olympic athletes before and after competing were all asking the same question. “Were you nervous?” And all of the athletes gave the same answer: “No, I was excited.” These competitors were taking the body’s signs of nervousness — clammy hands, pounding heart and tense nerves — and reinterpreting them as side effects of excitement and exhilaration.
When you’re up on stage you will likely go through the same thing. That’s when Sinek says you should say to yourself out loud, “I’m not nervous, I’m excited!”
Say thank you when you’re done.
Applause is a gift, and when you receive a gift, it’s only right to express how grateful you are for it. This is why Sinek always closes out his presentations with these two simple yet powerful words: thank you.
“They gave you their time, and they’re giving you their applause.” Says Sinek. “That’s a gift, and you have to be grateful.”
Passage outline | Supporting details |
【1】to Simon Sinek | ●He is by【2】shy and dislikes making speeches in public. |
Tips on delivering speeches | ●Avoid talking【4】for it indicates you’re nervous. |
●Try to be a giver rather than a taker because in【6】with a taker, a giver can get more popular and accepted. | |
●Speak a bit slowly just to help you stay calm. | |
●Switch nervousness to excitement by【9】the example of Olympic athletes. | |
●Express your【10】to the audience for their time and applause to conclude your speech. |