题目内容

_____ the hot weather, he couldn’t sleep indoors.

A. Because          B. Because of       C. As        D. For

B
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Have you ever been ill? When you are ill, you must be unhappy because your body becomes hot, and there are pains all over your body. You don’t want to work, and you stay in bed, feeling very sad.
What makes us ill? It is germs(细菌). Germs are everywhere.  They are very small and you can’t find them with your eyes, but you can see them with a mi­croscope. They are very very small and there could be hundreds of them on a very small thing.
Germs are always found in dirty water. When we look at dirty water under the microscope, we shall see them in it. So your father and mother will not let you drink dirty water.
Germs aren’t found only in water. They are found in air  and dust. If you cut your finger, if some of the dust from the floor goes into the cut(割开处), some of the germs would go into your finger. Your finger would become big and red, and you will have much pain in it. Sometimes the germs would go into all of your body, and you would have pain everywhere.
56. Which of the following is true?
A. If things are very very small, they are germs.
B. If things can’t be seen, they must be germs.
C. Germs are only in dirty water.
D. Germs are everywhere around us.
57. What is a microscope used for?
A. Making very very small things look much bigger.
B. Making very big things look much smaller.
C. Helping you read some newspapers.
D. Helping you if you can’t see things clearly.
58. Why don’t your parents let you drink dirty water?
A. You haven’t looked at it carefully.
B. Water can’t be drunk in this way.
C. There must be lots of germs in it.
D. Water will make you ill.
59. Which of the following is not true?
A. Germs can be found both in water and in the air.
B. Germs can go into your finger if it is cut.
C. If your temperature is not OK, there must be germs in your body.
D. If your finger isn’t cut, there aren’t any germs on it.
60. What’s the main idea of the passage?
A. Germs may make us ill.    B. Germs are in dirty water.
C. Don’t drink dirty water.    D. Take care of your fingers.

Honesty may well be the policy, but it often deserts us when no one is watching, psychologists report today. Experiments with an honesty box to collect payments for hot drinks show that people are better at paying up when under the gaze(注视) of a pair of eyes. The surprise was that the eyes were not real, but photographed.
Researchers at Newcastle University set up the experiment in secret. They attached a poster to a cupboard of mugs above an-honesty box alongside a kettle ,with tea, coffee and milk. Over 10 weeks, they alternated each week between images of eyes and pictures of flowers.
Dr. Bateson, a behavioral biologist and leader of the study, said that even though the eyes were not real they still seemed to make people behave more honestly. They effect may arise from behavioral characteristics that developed as early humans formed social groups that increased their chances of survival. Individuals had to co-operate for the good of the group, rather than act selfishly.
"If nobody is watching us, it is in our interests to behave selfishly. But when we think we're being watched,we should behave better, so people see us as co-operative and behave the same way towards us, "Dr. Bateson said.
"We thought we'd get a slight effect with eyes, but it was quite striking how much difference they made. Even at a subconscious(潜意识的) level, it seems people respond to eyes, and that might be because eyes send a strong biological signal we have evolved(进化) to respond to."
The finding, which researchers believe sheds light on our evolutionary past, could be turned to practical use. The psychologists say images of eyes could promote ticket sales on public transport and improve monitor systems to prevent antisocial behavior.
【小题1】This passage is mainly about _______________.

A．the policy of honesty
B．an honesty box to collect money
C．evolution on honesty
D．an experiment on honesty
【小题2】The reason for doing the experiment secretly is that the researchers _____________.
A．wanted to get a comparatively more exact result
B．had known they wanted to do something illegally
C．meant to get the co-operation of their colleagues
D．intended to sell the hot drinks at a higher price
【小题3】People behave honestly under watchful gaze of eyes because _____________.
A．they want to leave a good impression
B．they fear to be laughed at by others
C．they've got the nature through evolution
D．they take the photo for a real pair of eyes
【小题4】The underlined phrase" sheds light on" in the last paragraph means _____.
A．causes somebody to become cheerful
B．makes something easier to understand
C．comes upon something by accident
D．brings something into the broad daylight


All penguins (企鹅) swim in cold waters and so need a good layer of insulation (隔离), some species come ashore in hot places.Humboldt penguins,for example,nest in arid hot - 40°C, deserts on the west coast of South America, while others survive the lowest temperatures of any animals.Male Emperor penguins,as we know, spend the Antarctic winters incubating eggs in temperatures that can fall below -70°C. The insulation is provided in layers, under the skin is a thick layer of fat, then there is a layer of downy feathers that trap air, and finally another layer of waterproof feathers that keep the cold water away from the skin. With all this insulation penguins have no problem keeping warm at temperatures down to about -10°C - although they have special adaptations of the circulatory system to keep their feet from freezing and to prevent much heat loss through the feet that are on the ice. At lower temperatures penguins have to huddle (蜷缩) together to keep warm. In such huddles the penguins gradually move from the hot interior to the cold outside so that every penguin has his turn in the middle and on the outside.
In hot climates, penguins suffer greatly from overheating. They use several strategies to lose heat. They puff up their feathers so that air can circulate to their skin; they hold their flippers（脚蹼）out from their bodies and pump hot blood to them so that they can act as radiators; they open their mouths and breathe to lose heat from their hot breath; and those species that live in hot climates also have several bare patches of skin around the eyes and feet, they send blood to these bare patches when they are hot - you can recognize a hot penguin since it will have pink eye patches and pink patches on its feet.
77. Which of the following are the ways for penguins to keep warm?
a. staying together in good social order 
b. several layers as radiators
c. a special circulatory system                    d. waterproof feathers
e. sending blood to bare patches
f. always staying in the middle
A. a, b, c                    B. a, c, d                    C. b, c, e                    D. c, d, f
78. The insulation consists of _______ layers.                                       
A. two                        B. three                      C. four                       D. five
79. The underlined "puff up" in the second paragraph can be replaced by ______.
A. breathe deeply         B. blow up                 C. hold tight               D. spread out
80. The passage mainly tells us ______.
A. how penguins stay warm in cold places       B. that penguins are a clever animal
C. how penguins keep their temperature          D. why penguins can live a safe life

Paracutin was born in Mexico in February, 1943. At the end of one week Paracutin was 500 feet high, and it is now over 9, 000 feet high. Today Paracutin is asleep.

What is Paracutin? It was the first volcano(火山) in the world which was seen from its birth right up to the present day. On February 20, 1943, a peasant and his wife set out to work in their corn fields from the Mexican village of Paracutin. They were surprised to find the earth warm under their feet. Suddenly they heard noises deep in the earth and a small hole appeared in their field. In the afternoon there was a sudden loud noise and stones were thrown high in the air. The peasants ran from the field and turned to watch. They saw the birth of a volcano.

Large quantities of stone and lava(岩浆) broke out and a little hill began to form. By evening this hill was 100 feet high and hot ashes(灰烬) were falling on the village. At night the strong light of the hot lava lit up the countryside. The trees near the village were killed and the villagers had to leave their houses. When the village was destroyed, its name was given to the volcano. The news quickly reached Mexico City, far to the east. Many people came to watch the scene. The volcano grew and grew for ten years and hundreds of square miles of forest were destroyed. Then Paracutin went to sleep.

1.Paracutin was once the name of ________.

A．a peasant

B．a village

C．an old mountain

D．a Mexican

2.What was destroyed in the growing up of the volcano?

A．The little hill of stone.

B．The villagers living close by.

C．The forests and fields round Paracutin.

D．The Mexican peasant and his wife.

3.In this passage the writer is trying to ________.

A．tell us an interesting happening

B．explain a scientific theory

C．make us believe something

D．make up an interesting story

4.What can we learn about volcanoes from this passage？

A．New volcanoes may appear in places where people do not expect them to be.

B．Volcanoes are always growing.

C．Volcanoes are active from time to time.

D．New volcanoes are active for only ten years.

 

 

Sometimes, the simplest ideas are the best. For example, to absorb heat from the sun to heat water, you need large, flat, black surfaces. One way to do that is to build those surfaces specially, on the roofs of buildings. But why go to all that trouble when cities are rub of black surfaces already, in the form of asphalt （柏油） roads?

Ten years ago, this thought came into the mind of Arian de Bondt, a Dutch engineer. He finally persuaded his boss to follow it up. The result is that their building is now heated in winter and cooled in summer by a system that relies on the surface of the road outside.

The heat-colleetor is a system of connected water pipes. Most of them ran from one side of the street to the other, just under the asphalt road. Some, however, dive deep into the ground.

When the street surface gets hot in summer, water pumped through the pipes picks up this heat and takes it underground through one of the diving pipes. At a depth of 100 metres lies a natural aquifer （蓄水层） into which several heat exchangers （交换器） have been built. The hot water from the street runs through these exchangers, warning the ground-water, before returning to the surface through another pipe. The aquifer is thus used as a heat store.

In winter, the working system is changed slightly. Water is pumped through the heat exchangers to pick up the heat stored during summer. This water goes into the building and is used to warm the place up. After performing that task, it is pumped under the asphalt and its remaining heat keeps the road free of snow and ice.

1.Which of the following is true according to the first two paragraphs?

A. Arian de Bondt got his idea from his boss.

B. Large, flat, black surfaces need to be built in cities.

C. The Dutch engineer's system has been widely used.

D. Heat can also be collected from asphalt roads.

2.For what purpose are the diving pipes used?

A. To absorb heat from the sun.

B. To store heat for future use.

C. To turn solar energy into heat energy.

D. To carry heat down below the surface.

3.From the last paragraph we can learn that __

A. some pipes have to be re-arranged in winter

B. the system can do more than warming up the building

C. the exchangers will pick up heat from the street surface

D. less heat may be collected in winter than in summer

 

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