题目内容
阅读理解
Thirty-two people watched Kitty Genovese being killed right beneath their windows. She was their neighbor. Yet none of the 32 helped her. No one even called the police. Was gunman cruel? Was it lack of feeling about one's fellow man?
“Not so,”say scientists John Barley and Bib Fatane. These men went beyond the headlines to find out the reasons why people didn't act. They found that a person has to go through two steps before he can help. First he has to notice that is an emergency(紧急情况).
Suppose you see a middle-aged man fall to the sidewalk. Is he having a heart attack? Is he in a coma(昏迷)from diabetes(糖尿病)? Or is he about to sleep off a drunk?
Is the smoking coming into the room from a leak in the air conditioning? Is it “stea, pipes”or is it really smoke from a fire? It's not always easy to tell if you are facing a real emergency.
Second, and more important, the person faced with an emergency must feel personally responsible. He must feel that he must help, or the person won't get the help he needs.
The researchers found that a lot depends on how many people are around. They had college students in to be “tested”. Some came alone. some came with one or two others. And some came in large groups. The receptionist started them off on the “test”. Then she went into the next room. A curtain divided the “testing room”and the room in which she went. Soon the students heard a scream, the noise of file cabinets falling and a cry for help. All of this had been pre-recorded on a tape recorder.
Eight out of ten of the students taking the test alone acted to help. Of the students in pairs, only two out of ten helped. Of the students in groups, none helped.
In other words, in a group, Americans often fail to act. They feel that others will act. They, themselves, needn't. They do not feel any direct responsibility.
Are people bothered by situations where people are in trouble? Yes. Scientists found that people were emotional, they sweated, they had trembling hands. They felt the other persons' trouble. But they didn't trouble. But they didn't act. They were in a group. Their actions were shaped by the actions of those they were with.
(1)The purpose of this passage is to explain ________
[ ]
A．why people fail to act in emergencies
B．when people will be tested in emergencies
C．what people will do in emergencies
D．how people feel in emergencies
(2)Which of the following is NOT true?
[ ]
A．When a person tries to help others, he must be clear that there is a real emergency.
B．When a person tries to help others, he should know whether they need his help.
C．A person must take full responsibility for the safety of those in emergencies if he wants to help.
D．A person with a heart attack needs help badly.
(3)The researchers have conducted an experiment to prove that people will act in emergencies when ________
[ ]
A．they are in pairs.
B．they are in groups.
C．they are alone.
D．they are with their friends.
(4)The main reason why people fail to act when they stay together is that ________.
[ ]
A．they are afraid of emergencies
B．they are reluctant(不情愿的)to get themselves involved
C．others will act if they themselves hesitate
D．they do not feel any direct responsibility for those who need help
(5)The author suggests that ________.
[ ]
A．we shouldn't blame a person if he fails to help
B．a person must feel guilty if he fails to help
C．people should be responsible for themselves in emergencies
D．when you are in trouble, people will help you anyway
解析：
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(1) A 这是一道深层次理解题.必须通读并理解全文.本文主要讲了事故现场目击者的反应.科学家认为，目击者基于两个条件才会作出反应；紧急情况和责任意识.通过实验证明，在场人数的多与少跟是否作出反应也有关. (2) C 文章只谈了意识到自己有责任时才会给予处于危险者帮助(见第5段)，没说只要帮助就得对其安全负完全责任. (3) C 依据来自倒数第3段. (4) D 见倒数第2段最后一句. (5) A 最后一段作者讲了“见死不救，袖手旁观”的心理和客观原因(即社会大众的行为规范)，并没有指责.可见作者认为对其本人不应责备. |
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