Ⅲ 阅读(共两节,满分40分)
第一节
阅读理解(共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C和D项中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Is a mouse that can speak acceptable? How
about a dog with human hands or feet? Scientists, the people with the know-how
to make such things happen, are now thinking about whether such experiments are
morally right or not.
On Nov. 10, Britain’s
Academy of Medical Sciences launched a study on the use of animals with human
materials in scientific research. The work is expected to take at least a year,
but its leaders hope it will lead to guidelines for scientists in Britain and
around the world on how far they can go mixing human genes into animals in
search of ways to fight human diseases.
“Do these constructs (构想) challenge our idea of what
it is to be human?” asked Martin Bobrow, a professor of medical genetics at
Cambridge University and chair of a 14-member group looking into the issue. “It
is important that we consider these questions now so that appropriate
boundaries are recognized.”
Using human material in animals is not new.
Scientists have already created monkeys that have a human form of the
Huntingdon’s gene so they can study how the disease develops; and mice with
livers (肝) made
from human cells are being used to study the effects of new drugs.
However, scientists say the technology to
put ever greater amounts of human genetic material into animals is spreading
quickly around the world --- raising the possibility that some scientists in
some places may want to go further than is morally acceptable.
Last year in
Britain there was a lively debate over new laws allowing the creation of
human-animal embryos (胚胎) for experiments. On one side of the debate were religious groups,
who claimed that such science interferes with nature. Opposing them were
scientists who pointed out that such experiments were vital to research cures
for diseases.
The experts will publish reports after the
end of the study, in which they will give definitions (定义) for animal embryos with
human genes or cells, look at safety and animal welfare issues, and consider
the right legal framework to work within.
1. What does the underlined word “they” in
Paragraph 2 refer to?
A. Scientists in Britain and
around the world.
B. Leaders of the research.
C. Guidelines for
scientists.
D. Scientific experiments.
2. Scientists do research of mixing human
genes into animals in order to ____.
A. test new drugs on
animals B. to find ways to fight human diseases
C. prove the research is
morally acceptable
D. create monkeys and mice
with livers made from human cells
3. We can infer from the passage that ____.
A. the experts will release
reports after the study
B. scientists have never
doubted the use of animals with human materials
C. the creation of
human-animal embryos for experiments is legal in Britain
D. religious groups hold that
cures for diseases have to be done through experiments
4. What would be the best title of the
passage?
A. Morally
right or
not?
B. A debate about new laws
C. Cures for
diseases
D. Animal embryos with human genes
5. Where is the passage from?
A. A science
textbook
B. A science booklet
C. the science column of a
newspaper D. A science magazine for
teenagers