题目内容

某中学生英文报近期开辟专栏,讨论学习习惯问题。请你结合自身学习实际,按以下提示,用英文为该专栏写一篇稿件。

1. 说明学习习惯与学习效果之间的关系;

2. 介绍一种好的学习习惯并提出养成该习惯的建议;

3. 描述自己在学习习惯方面存在的某个问题并给出改进措施。

注意:

1. 词数100左右,开头语已为你写好;

2. 可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯;

3. 文中不得透露个人姓名和学校名称。

It's useful and necessary to discuss learning habits.___________________________

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Conventional wisdom says that hardship can make us old before our time. In fact, a new study suggests that violence not only leaves long-term scars on children’s bodies, but also changes their DNA, causing changes that are equal to seven to ten years of premature aging.

Scientists measured this by studying the ends of children’s chromosomes(染色体), called telomeres, says Idan Shalev, lead author of a study published in Molecular Psychiatry.

Telomeres are special DNA sequences which prevent the DNA in chromosomes from separating. They get shorter each time a cell divides, until a cell cannot divide any more and dies.

Several factors have been found to shorten telomeres, including smoking, radiation and psychological stresses such as being treated badly when young and taking care of a chronically ill person.

In this study, researchers examined whether exposure to violence could make children’s telomeres shorten faster than normal. They interviewed the mothers of 236 children at ages 5, 7 and 10, asking whether the youngsters had been exposed to domestic violence between the mother and her partner; physical maltreatment by an adult; or bullying. Researchers measured the children’s telomeres—in cells obtained by swabbing the insides of their cheeks—at ages 5 and 10.

Telomeres shortened faster in kids exposed to two or more types of violence, says Shalev. Unless that pattern changes, the study suggests, these kids could be expected to develop diseases of aging, such as heart attacks or memory loss, seven to 10 years earlier than their peers.

Shalev says there is hope for these kids. His study found that, in rare cases, telomeres can lengthen. Better nutrition, exercise and stress reduction are three things that may be able to lengthen telomeres, he says.

He study confirms a small but growing number of studies suggesting that early childhood adversity imprints itself in our chromosomes, says Charles Nelson, a professor of pediatrics and neuroscience at Harvard Medical School.

1.The new study found that ________.

A. violence leaves scars on a child’s mind

B. hardship can change a child’s aging

C. violence can speed up a child’s aging

D. hardship has a long-term effect on a child’s mind

2.According to the text, telomeres ________.

A. can make a cell die quickly

B. can help prevent DNA from separating

C. become shorter before they die

D. are at the ends of people’s chromosomes

3.All of the following things can shorten telomeres EXCEPT ________.

A. smokingB. cell divisionC. maltreatmentD. doing exercise

4.Which of the following is TRUE, according to the text?

A. Violence can cause quick cell division in children’s body.

B. Being treated badly will make a child’s telomeres shorten faster.

C. Researchers measured the children’s telomeres from their legs in the study.

D. Children who have shorter telomeres may have a heart attack earlier.

5.Which is the best title for the passage?

A. Violence Ages Children’s DNA

B. Children’s Changing DNA Patterns

C. Violence and Telomeres

D. the Function of Telomeres

根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项,选项中有两项为多余选项。

How to pick a good book

It is not news that we spend more time texting(发短信) and surfing online than ever. But a recent study shows that more teenagers are reading good old-fashioned and ink-on-paper books. Reading is a good way to widen your knowledge and learn about yourself. You probably know how to find the best application programs for your phone. 1.

1. Start with your interests.

Reading on your own isn’t like reading for school. 2. This could be ancient martial arts, readings in computers, or fashion design books. If you can name the subject, you can find books about it.

2. Find your “type”

3. Books of fiction, like novels or short-story collections, can transport you to another world or help you to imagine something beyond your own experience. Not all fiction is the same. Try some different types of fiction and see which one you prefer. Non-fiction books give you the “who”, “what”, “when” and “why” of something. They tell stories suing facts, but that doesn’t mean they are dull.

3. Read the “blurb(简介)”

The reviews and quotes on the back and inside covers of many books are known as “blurbs”. These comments not only give you an idea of what the book is about, but also help you to pick out future books. If you find a book you really like, take a minute to read the blurb and see which authors praised the book. 4.

4. 5.

Your local library can provide you with a lot of great books. Explain your interests and mention any writers you like, and the librarian can point you towards books that you will like.

Finally, you’ll probably enjoy what you’re reading if you find a quiet place and make time for the book.

A. Ask an expert

B. Read in a quiet place

C. Do you prefer fiction or non-fiction?

D. You can pick something that suits your interests.

E. But do you know how to pick a book that you will really like?

F. It is necessary to work out what the book is mainly about before reading.

G. Often, they will have similar styles, and you might find you like books by those authors, too.

Many people think that listening is a passive business. It is just the opposite. Listening well is an active exercise of our attention and hard work. It is because they do not realize this, or because they are not willing to do the work, that most people do not listen well.

Listening well also requires total concentration upon someone else. An essential part of listening well is the rule known as ‘bracketing’. Bracketing includes the temporary giving up or setting aside of your own prejudices and desires, to experience as far as possible someone else’s world from the inside, stepping into his or her shoes. Moreover, since listening well involves bracketing, it also involves a temporary acceptance of the other person. Sensing this acceptance, the speaker will seem quite willing to open up the inner part of his or her mind to the listener. True communication is under way and the energy required for listening well is so great that it can be accomplished only by the will to extend oneself for mutual growth.

Most of the time we lack this energy. Even though we may feel in our business dealings or social relationships that we are listening well, what we are usually doing is listening selectively. Often we have a prepared list in mind and wonder, as we listen, how we can achieve certain desired results to get the conversation over as quickly as possible or redirected in ways more satisfactory to us. Many of us are far more interested in talking than in listening, or we simply refuse to listen to what we don’t want to hear.

It wasn’t until toward the end of my doctor career that I have found the knowledge that one is being truly listened to is frequently therapeutic(有疗效的). In about a quarter of the patients I saw, surprising improvement was shown during the first few months of psychotherapy(心理疗法), before any of the roots of problems had been uncovered or explained. There are several reasons for this phenomenon, but chief among them, I believe, was the patient’s sense that he or she was being truly listened to, often for the first time in years, and for some, perhaps for the first time ever.

1.The phrase “stepping into his or her shoes” in paragraph 2 probably means ________.

A. preparing a topic list first

B. focusing on one’s own mind

C. directing the talk to the desired results

D. experiencing the speaker’s inside world

2.What is mainly discussed in Paragraph 2?

A. How to listen well.

B. What to listen to.

C. Benefits of listening.

D. Problems in listening

3.According to the author, in communication people tend to ________.

A. listen actively

B. listen purposefully

C. set aside their prejudices

D. open up their inner mind

4.According to the author, the patients improved mainly because ________.

A. they were taken good care of

B. they knew they were truly listened to

C. they had partners to talk to

D. they knew the roots of problems

阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A, B, C, D)中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

On an airplane as she was flying across the United States, Dr. Jane Goodall noticed a woman sitting next to her. She asked the woman why she was so tired, and the woman said she was absolutely ________ because she’d been up at two in the morning trying to ________ the water.

Her young daughter was in an environmental group at school and her daughter’s passion had turned to making sure her ________ was eco-friendly. They were staying at the woman’s brother’s house the night before her trip, and in the middle of the night her daughter woke up to the ________ of a dripping faucet(水龙头). The daughter asked for ________ turning it off as the faucet handle was ________. The only way to ________ the leak was to dig to the pipe in the front lawn to find the main valve to turn the water off,and her daughter wouldn’t go to sleep until the leak stopped. So at two in the morning ________ in the family was out in the yard helping to ________ to turn off the water.

Young people have much more ________ to start and accomplish changes than what ________ may believe. When children make a change in their lives, families are ________ along to become environmentally friendly.

The story also shows that ________ actions can have a big impact. We ________ to think about ________ events like Clean and Green Week. Instead, a lot of small changes can make a (n) ________.If hundreds or thousands of students ________ their families to turn off the tap to save water, move the air conditioning temperature ________ a degree or two in summer, ________ less and make other environment-mentally-friendly changes, the ________ family may change its behaviors.

1.A. exhaustedB. delightedC. sadD. angry

2.A. turn onB. turn offC. take alongD. bring along

3.A. motherB. familyC. schoolD. group

4.A. soundB. voiceC. rhymeD. music

5.A. adviceB. pleasureC. helpD. trouble

6.A. openedB. thrownC. droppedD. broken

7.A. stopB. preventC. holdD. cut

8.A. someoneB. anyoneC. everyoneD. no one

9.A. fixB. digC. mendD. fit

10.A. powerB. timeC. enthusiasmD. wisdom

11.A. officialsB. teenagersC. teachersD. adults

12.A. savedB. praisedC. seatedD. dragged

13.A. importantB. smallC. unnecessaryD. children’s

14.A. planB. tendC. attemptD. mean

15.A. newB. traditionalC. bigD. social

16.A. livingB. differenceC. effortD. fortune

17.A. wantB. allowC. convinceD. force

18.A. offB. awayC. downD. up

19.A. eatB. walkC. driveD. consume

20.A. richB. largeC. entireD. ordinary

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