根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

Secret codes (密码)keep messages private. Banks, companies, and government agencies use secret codes in doing business, especially when information is sent by computer.

People have used secret codes for thousands of years. 1. Code breaking never lags(落后) far behind code making. The science of creating and reading coded messages is called cryptography.

There are three main types of cryptography. 2. For example, the first letters of “My elephant eats too many eels” spell out the hidden message “Meet me.”

3. You might represent each letter with a number, for example. Let’s number the letters of the alphabet, in order, from 1 to 26. If we substitute a number for each letter, the message “Meet me” would read “135 520 135.”

A code uses symbols to replace words, phrases, or sentences. To read the message of a real code, you must have a code book. 4. For example, “bridge” might stand for “meet” and “out” might stand for “me.” The message “Bridge out” would actually mean “Meet me.” 5. However, it is also hard to keep a code book secret for long. So codes must be changed frequently.

A. It is very hard to break a code without the code book.

B. In any language, some letters are used more than others.

C. Only people who know the keyword can read the message.

D. As long as there have been codes, people have tried to break them.

E. You can hide a message by having the first letters of each word spell it out.

F. With a code book, you might write down words that would stand for other words.

G. Another way to hide a message is to use symbols to stand for specific letters of the alphabet.

阅读理解。

Every man wants his son to be somewhat of a clone, not in features but in footsteps. As he grows you also age, and your ambitions become more unachievable. You begin to realize that your boy, in your footsteps, could probably accomplish what you hoped for. But footsteps can be muddied and they can go off in different directions.

My son Jody has hated school since day one in kindergarten. Science projects waited until the last moment. Book reports weren’t written until the final threat.

I’ve been a newspaperman all my adult life. My daughter is a university graduate working toward her master’s degree in English. But Jody? When he entered the tenth grade he became a “vo-tech” student(技校学生). They’re called “motorheads” by the rest of the student body.

When a secretary in my office first called him “motorhead”, I was shocked. “Hey, he’s a good kid,” I wanted to say. “And smart, really.”

I learned later that motorheads are, indeed, different. They usually have dirty hands and wear dirty work clothes. And they don’t often make school honor rolls(光荣榜).

But being the parent of a motorhead is itself an experience in education. We who labor in clean shirts in offices don’t have the abilities that motorheads have. I began to learn this when I had my car crashed. The cost to repair it was estimated at $800. “Hey, I can fix it,” said Jody. I doubted it , but let him go ahead, for I had nothing to lose.

My son ,with other motorheads,fixed the car. They got parts(零件)from ajunkyard, and ability from vo-tech classes. The lost was 25insteadof80.

Since that first repair job, a broken air-conditioner, a non-functioning washer and a non-toasting toaster have been fixed. Neighbors and co-workers trust their car repairs to him.

These kids are happiest when doing repairs. They joke and laugh and are living in their own relaxed world. And their minds are bright despite their dirty hands and clothes.

I have learned a lot from my motorhead: publishers need printers, engineers need mechanics, and architects need builders. Most important, I have learned that fathers don’t need clones in footsteps or anywhere else.

My son may never make the school honor roll. But he made mine.

1.What used to be the author’s hope for his son?

A. To avoid becoming his clone.

B. To resemble him in appearance.

C. To develop in a different direction.

D. To reach the author’s unachieved goals.

2.What can we learn about the author’s children?

A. His daughter does better in school.

B. His daughter has got a master’s degree.

C. His son tried hard to finish homework.

D. His son couldn’t write his book reports.

3.The author let his son repair the car because he believed that_______.

A. His son had the ability to fix it.

B. it would save him much time.

C. it wouldn’t cause him any more loss

D. other motorheads would come to help.

4.In the author’s eyes, motorheads are _______.

A. tidy and hardworking B. cheerful and smart

C. lazy but bright D. relaxed but rude

5.What did the author realize in the end?

A. It is unwise to expect your child to follow your path.

B. It is important for one to make the honor roll.

C. Architects play a more important role than builders.

D. Motorheads have greater ability than office workers.

阅读理解。

If you could have one superpower, what would it be?

Dreaming about whether you would want to read minds, see through walls, or have superhuman strength may sound silly, but it actually gets to the heart of what really matters in your life.

Every day in our work, we are inspired by the people we meet doing extraordinary things to improve the world.

They have a different kind of superpower that all of us possess: the power to make a difference in the lives of others.

We’re not saying that everyone needs to contribute their lives to the poor. Your lives are busy enough doing homework, playing sports, making friends, seeking after your dreams. But we do think that you can live a more powerful life when you devote some of your time and energy to something much larger than yourself. Find an issue you are interested in and learn more. Volunteer or, if you can, contribute a little money to a cause. Whatever you do, don’t be a bystander. Get involved. You may have the opportunity to make your biggest difference when you’re older. But why not start now?

Our own experience working together on health, development, and energy the last twenty years has been one of the most rewarding parts of our lives. It has changed who we are and continues to fuel our optimism about how much the lives of the poorest people will improve in the years ahead.

1.What does the underlined part in Paragraph 2 refer to?

A. Your life style. B. Your life value.

C. Your trouble in life. D. Your life experience.

2.Why does the author say they are inspired every day?

A. They possess different kinds of superpowers.

B. They have got the power to change the world.

C. Some people around them are making the world better.

D. There are many powerful people in their life and work.

3.What does the author stress in Paragraph 5?

A. Learning more and contributing more to a cause.

B. Rising above self and acting to help others.

C. Working hard to get a bigger opportunity.

D. Trying your best to help the poor.

4.What can be inferred from the last paragraph?

A. The author believes the lives of the poorest will get better.

B. Much more progress will be made in the near future.

C. The work on health is the most valuable experience.

D. People’s efforts have been materially rewarded.

The Taj Mahal (泰姬陵) is a love story, a sad and beautiful one. If it didn’t exist, we would easily imagine that the story of its construction was simply a fairy tale. Three hundred years ago, there lived an Indian emperor called Shah Jahan. His wife was a beautiful and bright woman whom he loved greatly. Her title was Mumtazl Mahan: its shortened form Taj Mahal, means “pride of the palace”. In the year 1630 this beloved wife of the emperor died. He was so brokenhearted that he thought of giving up his throne(皇位). Out of his love for his wife, he decided to build her the most beautiful tomb that had ever been seen.

He summoned(召集)the best artists and architects from India, Turkey, Persia and Arabia and finally, the design was complete. It took more than twenty thousand men working over a period of 18 years to build the Taj Mahal, one of the most beautiful buildings in the world.

The building itself stands on a marble platform 29 meters square and 6-7 meters high. Towers rise from each of the four corners. The Taj itself soars another 61 meters into the air. It is an eight-sided building made of white marble.

The emperor planned to build an identical tomb of black marble for himself on the other side of the river connected by a silver bridge. However his son put him into a prison in the palace before he could finish, and for the rest of his life, he could only gaze across river at the tomb of his beloved wife.

1. The whole passage tells us about ______.

A. a beautiful fairy tale

B. the story of the Taj Mahal

C. white and black marble tombs made for two emperors

D. the love story of Emperor Shah Jahan and his wife

2.Which of the following statements is NOT true about the Taj Mahal?

A. It was completed quickly owing to the efforts of the best artists and workers.

B. A lot of people took part in the building work

C. It is a magnificent building.

D. It is a tomb for the emperor’s beloved wife.

3.The emperor’s own tomb was designed to be ____________.

A. 61 meters high B. eight-sided

C. black-colored D. white-colored

4.The emperor _____________.

A. died soon after Taj Mahal died

B. was killed by his son

C. was beloved by his people

D. died after 1648

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