Using renewable energy sources is a simple idea, but we find it hard to put into practice． A．one B．what C．which D．that 题目和参考答案——青夏教育精英家教网—

Water and its importance to human life were the centre of the world’s attention last week. March 22 was World Water Day and   36   the theme “Water for Life”.
There are more than one billion people in the world who live without   37  drinking water. The United Nations   38   to cut this number in half by 2015.
Solving such a big problem seems like a(n)   39  challenge. But everyone,   40    teenagers, can do something to help. A teenage girl in the US has set an example to the   41 of her age around the world.
Rene Haggerty, 13, was awarded the 2004 Gloria Barron Prize for her work—   42    discarded(废弃的) batteries（电池）which pollute water.
In 2003, Haggerty went on a field trip to the Great Lakes Science Centre in Ohio. There she saw an exhibit about how   43  in old batteries harm the water of Lake Erie.
Haggerty learnt that   44   the batteries was an easy solution. “I think everybody can do it, because everyone     45     batteries, and it can make a big difference.” With these words, she began to   46     awareness in her area.
She   47   her county government and school board. She got permission to start a recycling programme in schools   48   the public library, hospital, and churches. With the help from her family, friends and local waste-management 49  , she gathered containers, arranged transportation, and made a(n)   50  video.
Over the past two years, she collected four tons of batteries and drew the attention of officials, who were in charge of a battery recycling programme but had made   51   progress.
When asked   52   she feels like a hero, Haggerty is quite __53 . “Not really. Well, maybe for the fish I saved!”
Every year the Gloria Barron Prize is   54  to young Americans aged 8 to 18 who have shown leadership and courage in   55   the public and the planet. Each year ten winners receive US $ 2,000 each, to help with their education costs or their public service work.
【小题1】..

完形填空（共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分）
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从各题所给的四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
Water and its importance to human life were the centre of the world’s attention last week. March 22 was World Water Day and     36    the theme “Water for Life”.
There are more than one billion people in the world who live without     37    drinking water. The United Nations      38    to cut this number in half by 2015.
Solving such a big problem seems like a(n)     39    challenge. But everyone,     40    teenagers, can do something to help. A teenage girl in the US has set an example to the     41  of her age around the world.
Rene Haggerty, 13, was awarded the 2004 Gloria Barron Prize for her work—     42    discarded(废弃的) batteries（电池）which pollute water.
In 2003, Haggerty went on a field trip to the Great Lakes Science Centre in Ohio. There she saw an exhibit about how     43    in old batteries harm the water of Lake Erie.
Haggerty learnt that     44     the batteries was an easy solution. “I think everybody can do it, because everyone     45    batteries, and it can make a big difference.” With these words, she began to     46    awareness in her area.
She     47     her county government and school board. She got permission to start a recycling programme in schools    48   the public library, hospital, and churches. With help from her family, friends and local waste-management    49   , she gathered containers, arranged transportation, and made a(n)     50    video.
Over the past two years, she collected four tons of batteries and drew the attention of officials, who were in charge of a battery recycling programme but had made     51   progress.
When asked     52    she feels like a hero, Haggerty is quite ____53   . “Not really. Well, maybe for the fish I saved!”
Every year the Gloria Barron Prize     54  young Americans aged 8 to 18 who have shown leadership and courage in     55    the public and the planet. Each year ten winners receive US $ 2,000 each, to help with their education costs or their public service work.

【小题1】

A．had

Rene Descartes’ explanation of pain has long been acknowledged in medicine. He proposed that pain is a purely physical phenomenon – that tissue injury makes specific nerves send a signal to the brain, causing the mind to notice pain. The phenomenon, he said, is like pulling on a rope to ring a bell in the brain. It is hard to overstate how deeply fixed this account has become. In medicine, doctors see pain in Descartes’ terms — as a physical process, a sign of tissue injury.

The limitations of this explanation, however, have been apparent for some time, since people with obvious injuries sometimes report feeling no pain at all. Later, researchers proposed that Descartes’ model be replaced with what they called the gate control theory of pain. They argued that before pain signals reach the brain, they must first go through a gating mechanism in the spinal cord(脊髓). In some cases, this imaginary gate could simply stop pain signals from getting to the brain.

Their most amazing suggestion was that what controlled the gate was not just signals from sensory nerves but also emotions and other “output” from the brain. They were saying that pulling on the rope need not make the bell ring. The bell itself —the mind— could stop it. This theory led to a great deal of research into how such factors as mood, gender, and beliefs influence the experience of pain. In a British study, for example, researchers measured pain threshold and tolerance levels in 53 ballet dancers and 53 university students by using a common measurement: after immersing your hand in body-temperature water for two minutes to establish a baseline condition, you put your hand in a bowl of ice water and start a clock running. You mark the time when it begins to hurt: that is your pain threshold. Then you mark the time when it hurts too much to keep your hand in the water: that is your pain tolerance. The test is always stopped at 120 seconds, to prevent injury.

The results were striking. On average female students reported pain at 16 seconds and pulled their hands out of the ice water at 37 seconds. Female dancers were almost three times as long on both counts. Men in both groups had a higher threshold and tolerance for pain, but the difference between male dancers and male nondancers was nearly as large. What explains that difference? Probably it has something to do with the psychology of ballet dancers — a group known for self-discipline, physical fitness, and competitiveness, as well as by a high rate of chronic(慢性) injury. Their driven personalities and competitive culture evidently accustom them to pain. Other studies along these lines have shown that outgoing people have greater pain tolerance and that, with training, one can reduce one’s sensitivity to pain.

There is also striking evidence that very simple kinds of mental suggestion can have powerful effects on pain. In one study of 500 patients undergoing dental procedures, those who were given a placebo(安慰剂) injection and promised that it would relieve their pain had the least discomfort — not only less than the patients who got a placebo and were told nothing but also less than the patients who got actual drug without any promise that it would work.

Today it is abundantly evident that the brain is actively involved in the experience of pain and is no more bell on a string. Today every medical textbook teaches the gate control theory as fact. There’s a problem with it, though. It explains people who have injuries but feel no pain, but it doesn’t explain the reverse, which is far more common — the millions of people who experience chronic pain, such as back pain, with no signs of injury whatsoever. So where does the pain come from? The rope and clapper are gone, but the bell is still ringing.

1.The primary purpose of the passage is to .

A. describe how modern research has updated an old explanation

B. support a traditional view with new data

C. promote a particular attitude towards physical experience

D. suggest a creative treatment for a medical condition

2.Which statement best describes Descartes theory of pain presented in paragraph 1?

A. The brain can shut pain off at will.

B. The brain plays no part in the body’s experience of pain.

C. Pain can be caused in many different ways.

D. Pain is an automatic response to bodily injury.

3.The author implies that the reason why the gate control was “amazing” was that it .

A. offered an extremely new and original explanation

B. was just opposite to people’s everyday experiences

C. was grounded in an ridiculous logic

D. was so sensible it should have been proposed centuries before

4.The author refers to “chronic back pain” as an example of something that is .

A. costly, because it troubles millions of people

B. puzzling, because it sometimes has no obvious cause

C. disappointing, because it does not improve with treatment

D. worrying, because it lies beyond the reach of medicine

5.The last sentence of the passage serves mainly to express that .

A. scientific judgments are difficult to understand

B. theoretical investigations are generally useless

C. researchers still have a long way to go before the puzzle is made clear

D. there is always something puzzling at the heart of science

Water and its importance to human life were the centre of the world’s attention last week. March 22 was World Water Day and 36 the theme “Water for Life”.

There are more than one billion people in the world who live without 37 drinking water. The United Nations 38 to cut this number in half by 2015.

Solving such a big problem seems like a(n) 39 challenge. But everyone, 40 teenagers, can do something to help. A teenage girl in the US has set an example to the 41 of her age around the world.

Rene Haggerty, 13, was awarded the 2004 Gloria Barron Prize for her work— 42 discarded(废弃的) batteries（电池）which pollute water.

In 2003, Haggerty went on a field trip to the Great Lakes Science Centre in Ohio. There she saw an exhibit about how 43 in old batteries harm the water of Lake Erie.

Haggerty learnt that 44 the batteries was an easy solution. “I think everybody can do it, because everyone 45 batteries, and it can make a big difference.” With these words, she began to 46 awareness in her area.

She 47 her county government and school board. She got permission to start a recycling programme in schools 48 the public library, hospital, and churches. With help from her family, friends and local waste-management 49 , she gathered containers, arranged transportation, and made a(n) 50 video.

Over the past two years, she collected four tons of batteries and drew the attention of officials, who were in charge of a battery recycling programme but had made 51 progress.

When asked 52 she feels like a hero, Haggerty is quite ____53 . “Not really. Well, maybe for the fish I saved!”

Every year the Gloria Barron Prize 54 young Americans aged 8 to 18 who have shown leadership and courage in 55 the public and the planet. Each year ten winners receive US $ 2,000 each, to help with their education costs or their public service work.

1. A．had B．gave C．wrote D．discussed

2. A．enough B．safe C．much D．polluted

3. A．asks B．orders C．hopes D．ensures

4. A．good B．strong C．important D．unreal

5. A．especially B．sometimes C．even D．seldom

6. A．boys B．others C．students D．grown-ups

7. A．collecting B．selling C．buying D．using

8. A．things B．chemicals C．water D．air

9. A．making B．recycling C．reducing D．handling

10. A．uses B．has C．throws D．needs

11. A．tell B．increase C．spread D．inform

12. A．talked to B．listened to C．heard from D．thought about

13. A．and B．beside C．as well as D．as good as

14. A．officials B．workers C．clerks D．experts

15. A．industrial B．agricultural C．scientific D．educational

16. A．much B．no C．some D．little

17. A．if B．how C．when D．why

18. A．proud B．glad C．modest D．worried

19. A．praises B．helps C．supports D．honors

20. A．awarding B．saving C．serving D．favoring

Water and its importance to human life were the centre of the world’s attention last week. March 22 was World Water Day and 36 the theme “Water for Life”.

There are more than one billion people in the world who live without 37 drinking water. The United Nations 38 to cut this number in half by 2015.

Solving such a big problem seems like a(n) 39 challenge. But everyone, 40 teenagers, can do something to help. A teenage girl in the US has set an example to the 41 of her age around the world.

Rene Haggerty, 13, was awarded the 2004 Gloria Barron Prize for her work— 42 discarded(废弃的) batteries（电池）which pollute water.

In 2003, Haggerty went on a field trip to the Great Lakes Science Centre in Ohio. There she saw an exhibit about how 43 in old batteries harm the water of Lake Erie.

Haggerty learnt that 44 the batteries was an easy solution. “I think everybody can do it, because everyone 45 batteries, and it can make a big difference.” With these words, she began to 46 awareness in her area.

She 47 her county government and school board. She got permission to start a recycling programme in schools 48 the public library, hospital, and churches. With the help from her family, friends and local waste-management 49 , she gathered containers, arranged transportation, and made a(n) 50 video.

Over the past two years, she collected four tons of batteries and drew the attention of officials, who were in charge of a battery recycling programme but had made 51 progress.

When asked 52 she feels like a hero, Haggerty is quite __53 . “Not really. Well, maybe for the fish I saved!”

Every year the Gloria Barron Prize is 54 to young Americans aged 8 to 18 who have shown leadership and courage in 55 the public and the planet. Each year ten winners receive US $ 2,000 each, to help with their education costs or their public service work.

1... A. had B. gave C. wrote D. discussed

2.. A. enough B. safe C. much D. polluted

3... A. asks B. orders C. hopes D. ensures

4... A. good B. strong C. important D. unreal

5.. A. especially B. sometimes C. even D. seldom

6.. A. boys B. others C. students D. grown-ups

7.. A. collecting B. selling C. buying D. using

8.. A. things B. chemicals C. water D. air

9.. A. making B. recycling C. reducing D. handling

10... A. uses B. has C. throws D. needs

11... A. tell B. increase C. spread D. inform

12... A. talked to B. listened to C. heard from D. thought about

13... A. and B. besides C. as well as D. as good as

14... A. officials B. workers C. clerks D. experts

15.. A. industrial B. agricultural C. scientific D. educational

16... A. much B. no C. some D. little

17.. A. if B. how C. when D. why

18.. A. proud B. glad C. modest D. worried

19..A. praises B. helps C. supports D. honors

20.. A. awarding B. saving C. serving D. favoring

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