Nowhere is the place you never want to go. It’s not on any departure board, and though some people like to travel so far off the motherland that it looks like Nowhere, most wanderers ultimately long to get somewhere. Yet every now and then—if there’s nowhere else you can be and all other options have gone—going nowhere can prove the best adventure around.

Nowhere is entirely uncharted; you’ve never read a guidebook entry on it or followed others’ suggestions on a train ride through its suburbs. Few YouTube videos exist of it. Moreover, it’s free from the most dangerous kind of luggage, expectation. Knowing nothing of a place in advance opens us up to a high energy we seldom encounter while walking around Paris or Kyoto with a list of the 10 things we want—or, in embarrassing truth, feel we need—to see.

I’ll never forget a bright January morning when I landed in San Francisco from Santa Barbara, just in time to see my connecting flight to Osaka take off. I hurried to the nearest airline counter to ask for help, and was told that I would have to wait 24 hours, at my own expense, for the next day’s flight. An unanticipated delay is exactly what nobody wants on his schedule. The airline didn’t answer for fog-related delays, a gate agent declared, and no alternative flights were available.

Millbrae, California, the drive-through town that encircles San Francisco’s airport, was a mystery to me. With one of the world’s most beautiful cities only 40 minutes to the north, and the unofficial center of the world, Silicon Valley, 27 miles to the south, Millbrae is known mostly as a place to fly away from, at high speed.

It was a cloudless, warm afternoon as a shuttle bus deposited me in Millbrae. Locals were taking their dogs for walks along the bay while couples wandered hand in hand beside an expanse of blue that, in San Francisco, would have been crowded with people and official “attractions.” I checked in to my hotel and registered.

Suddenly I was enjoying a luxury I never allow myself, even on vacation: a whole day free. And as I made my way back to my hotel, lights began to come on in the hills of Millbrae, and I realized I had never seen a sight half so lovely in glamorous, industrial Osaka. Its neighbor Kyoto is attractive, but it attracts 50 million visitors a year.

Who knows if I’ll ever visit Millbrae again? But I’m confident that Nowhere will slip into my schedule many times more. No place, after all, is uninteresting to the interested eye. Nowhere is so far off the map that its smallest beauties are a discovery.

The Unexpected Joys of a Trip to Nowhere

Passage outline

Supporting details

Introduction to Nowhere

●Although many choose to travel beyond the 1., they actually hope to get somewhere.

●Getting nowhere can be the best adventure when we are2. out of options.

3. of Nowhere

●You don’t have to be 4. on a guidebook entry or others’ advice.

●With limited information of a place and little expectation, we will encounter a 5. high energy that doesn’t exist when visiting Paris or Kyoto.

The author’s experience of getting nowhere

●The airline wasn’t 6. for unexpected delays and there were no alternative flights available.

●He decided to visit the mysterious Millbrae,7. between San Francisco and Silicon Valley.

●He 8. to enjoy such a luxurious and free time in big cities before.

Conclusion

●Though 9. about whether to visit Millbrae again, Nowhere will be included in his schedule.

●Nowhere is entirely uncharted with its beauties to be 10..

The American Bystander

On a humid subway ride into work a few days ago, a woman on the other end of my car had a seizure (病情突然发作). All of a sudden, I heard her let out a painful sigh as she collapsed. For several minutes, the train continued down the track, and everyone in the car just stared at the woman. Finally, at the next stop a man informed the operator of what had happened and called 911. Luckily the woman came to herself as the EMTs carried her off the train. Ever since, I’ve been puzzled by the same question — why didn’t anyone do anything? And more importantly, why didn’t I do anything?

We’ve learned about the commonly referenced bystander effect—a psychological phenomenon in which individuals will avoid offering help to a person in need when other people are present. The bystander effect is attributed to two different psychological processes: social influence—individuals in a group will monitor and imitate other group members’ behavior—and shift of responsibility—individuals will cease to help because they believe that someone else will.

Even though most people probably haven’t witnessed a woman having a seizure on the subway, I’m sure if asked, anyone could think of a time when they could have helped and simply didn’t. In fact, I know that we have all experienced the bystander effect, because I believe it is one of American society’s most common headaches.

Anyone who follows the news can tell you that most of what we hear or read about these days is another death or another hate crime committed right in our own country. Consider the most recent theatre shooting in Nashville. The headlines read Another Theatre Shooting, Gunman is dead. When we read that headline or heard it on the news, most of us just acknowledged how sad it was, then told ourselves that there is nothing we can do to help and assumed that someone else would.

If America is just one large group of witnesses, all while telling ourselves that someone else most certainly will step in, how can we hope to shake the hold of this social psychological spell? The solution lies solely within us, to know the difference between doing what is justifiable and doing what is right, helping those in need when we have the means and opportunity to do so.

I want to be like the man on the subway who told the operator about the woman’s seizure, because as soon as he did, people followed suit and offered help. We have the power to choose whether to justify passivity or actively decide to do the right thing, and as a society I believe we ought to break free from our psychological tendency to just stand by.

1.What was the most passengers’ attitude towards the woman’s seizure?

A. Indifferent. B. Skeptical.

C. Enthusiastic. D. Concerned.

2.The psychological explanation for the fact that most people hesitate to help is that ________.

A. they need heroes or good examples to learn from

B. they believe such cases are none of their business

C. they fear that their behavior will be imitated by others

D. they count on other group members to give a helping hand

3.What can we learn from the theatre shooting in Nashville?

A. The mass media are only too concerned about crimes and deaths.

B. The majority of the US citizens are suffering from crimes.

C. People get too accustomed to pay adequate attention to crimes.

D. Media coverage is inconsistent with what the Americans assume.

4.As far as the author is concerned, the key to solving such an effect lies in ________.

A. the necessary means and opportunity to help others

B. the essential power to display psychological tendency

C. the acute awareness of making a right choice

D. the determined effort to help whoever is in need of help

Salt plays an important role in our daily diet. Even a small reduction(减少) in salt in the diet can be a big help to the heart. A new study used a computer model to predict -how just three grams less a day would affect heart disease in the United States.

The result: Thirteen percent fewer heart attacks. Eight percent fewer strokes(中风). Four percent fewer deaths. Eleven percent fewer new cases of heart disease. And two hundred forty billion dollars in health care savings. Researchers found it could prevent one hundred thousand heart attacks and ninety-two thousand deaths every year.

The study is in the New England Journal of Medicine. Kirsten Bibbins-Domingo at the University of California San Francisco was the lead author. She says people would not even notice a difference in taste with three grams, or one-half teaspoon, less salt per day. The team also included researchers at Stanford and Columbia University.

Each gram of salt contains four hundred milligrams of sodiu(钠), which is how foods may list their salt content.

The government says the average American man eats ten grams of salt a day. The American Heart Association advises no more than three grams for healthy people. It says salt in the American diet has increased fifty percent since the nineteen seventies, while blood pressures have also risen. Less salt can mean a lower blood pressure.

New York City Mayor Michael Bloomberg is leading an effort called the National Salt Reduction Initiative. The idea is to put pressure on food companies and restaurants. Critics call it government interference(干预).

Mayor Bloomberg has already succeeded in other areas, like requiring fast food places in the city to list calorie information. Now a study by the Seattle Children's Research Institute shows that the calorie information on the menu can influence what parents order for their children. Ninety-nine parents of three to six year olds took part. Half had calories between the two groups for foods that the parents would have chosen for themselves. McDonald's menus clearly showing how many calories were in each food. Parents given the counts chose an average of one hundred two fewer calories when asked what they would order for their children. Yet there was no difference in calories between the two groups for foods that the parents would have chosen for themselves.

Study leader Pooja Tandon says even small calorie reductions on a regular basis can prevent weight gain over time. The study was published in the journal Pediatrics.

1.Which of the following benefits does less salt diet in the passage NOT cover?

A. The decrease of strokes.

B. Fewer heart attacks.

C. The prevention of weight gain.

D. The drop in medical care prices.

2.It can be inferred from the passage that _______.

A. all the heart diseases result from eating too much salt

B. the American Heart Association suggests less than 3 grams of salt a day for everyone

C. the less salt one eats, the healthier he will be

D. Americans ate no more than 5 grams of salt per day in the 1970s

3.The National Salt Reduction Initiative aims to_______.

A. put pressure on food companies and restaurants

B. attract the public attention to the problem

C. require fast food places to list salt information

D. inform people of the harm that salt does to health

4.Which of the following might be the best title for this passage?

A. Relationship between Salt and Health

B. Mayor Michael Bloomberg and His Health Project

C. A Survey on People's Regular Diet

D. Less Salt Can Mean Being More Healthy

Do you know how to pick a good book you’ll really like? Here are some tips.

Start With Your Interest. 1. . You can pick something that you love to read, not for school. They can be ancient martial (武术) arts, computers, or fashion design. You name it, there are books about it.

What’s Your Type? Do you prefer fiction or nonfiction (or both)? Fiction books, like novels, can transport you to another world or help you imagine something beyond your own experience. Nonfiction books give you the who, what, when, and why of something. 2. . Many of them read like novels from start to finish.

Read the description. The reviews and quotes on the back and inside covers of many books give you an idea of what the book is about. They can also help you pick future books, too. If you find a book you really like, take a minute to read the quotes and see which authors praised the book. 3..

Find a Family Favorite. Which book did your mother love best when she was at your age? 4.. Find out and give them a read — then you can share your thoughts about the book.

Finally, you’ll probably enjoy what you’re reading a lot more if you find a quiet place and make time for the book. 5. You can put on some good music, get yourself some tea and let yourself be carried away by the book. You’ll see that time does fly when you’re reading something you love!

A. How about your brothers and sisters?

B. They tell stories using facts — but that doesn’t mean they’re boring.

C. Reading is a good way to improve your English.

D. Most reading is best enjoyed when you can concentrate (全神贯注) on it.

E. Often, they’ll have similar styles and you might find books you like by those authors, too.

F. So you should read as much as possible when you are free.

G. Reading on your own isn’t like reading for school.

违法和不良信息举报电话:027-86699610 举报邮箱:58377363@163.com

精英家教网