题目内容
Natural disasters such as earthquakes, tsunamis, and floods can often come at the least expected time.Others, such as hurricanes are increasing in severity and destruction.Typically, those poor countries are the worst hit for they have the least resources to deal with the destruction and rebuild their home.This part of the globalissues.org website looks at some of these issues.
Japan Earthquake, Tsunami and Nuclear Crisis
The earthquake off the coast of Japan on March 11, 2011 was one of the biggest recorded, measuring 9 on the Richter scale(里氏震级).
It was the resulting tsunami, however, that caused the most destruction.It devastated the northeast of Japan, leaving many thousands dead or missing, and -hundreds of thousands homeless or leaving the area.In addition, various power generators(发电机组) failed.Some older nuclear power stations risked meltdown and suffered explosions and radioactive leaks.Workers battled for weeks to try and bring the situation under control.Radioactive material was detected in various places.
It is thought that the cost of the earthquake and tsunami could be over $ 300 billion-the world's most expensive natural disaster on record.
Hurricane Katrina
Hurricane Katrina was a destroyed category 4(四级) hurricane, the highest category, that hit the Gulf of Mexico and various Southern regions of the United States at the end of August, 2005, causing the worst damage in that country's history, estimated at $ 100 billion.The famous New Orleans city and surrounding areas were worst hit as much of it sits some 6 feet below sea level.City defenses, such as banks, only designed for categary 3 type hurricanes, gave way, leading to enormous flooding and associated damage, death and displacement of around 100, 000 people who either chose to say the course, or could not afford to flee.
【小题1】Where would this passage most probably appear?
A.In a textbook. | B.In a magazine. | C.In a paper. | D.In a website. |
A.Because they are lazy and poor. |
B.Because they desire help from rich countries. |
C.Because they lack resources to deal with the destruction and rebuild their home. |
D.Because they never think of protecting their home. |
A.Built. | B.Completed. | C.Discovered. | D.Destroyed. |
A.Radioactive material. | B.Tsunami. |
C.Earthquake. | D.Power generators' explosion. |
A.Hurricane Katrina also hit the northern part of the USA.
B.Hurricane Katrina caused the second the worst damage in the history of the USA.
C.All parts of New Orleans city were below sea level.
D.City defenses in New Orleans couldn't deal with Hurricane Katrina.
【小题1】D
【小题2】C
【小题3】D
【小题4】B
【小题5】D
解析试题分析:本文讲述的是日本的地震海啸以及美国的卡特琳娜飓风对美国的破坏,告诉我们这一系列的自然灾害方面的知识。
【小题1】D 细节题。根据第一段4,5行.This part of the globalissues.org website looks at some of these issues.说明本文是网页的一部分,故D项正确。
【小题2】C 细节题。根据第一段3,4行those poor countries are the worst hit for they have the least resources to deal with the destruction and rebuild their home.说明C正确。
【小题3】D 推理题。根据本句It devastated the northeast of Japan, leaving many thousands dead or missing, and -hundreds of thousands homeless or leaving the area本句说明的是日本的地震海啸给日本带来的破坏,故该词是指破坏的意思,故D项正确。
【小题4】B 细节题。根据第三段第一句It was the resulting tsunami, however, that caused the most destruction.说明导致最大破坏的是海啸,故B正确。
【小题5】D 推断题。根据文章最后4行.City defenses, such as banks, only designed for categary 3 type hurricanes, gave way, leading to enormous flooding and associated damage, death and displacement of around 100, 000 people who either chose to say the course, or could not afford to flee.说明City defenses没有能够抵挡住卡特琳娜飓风的袭击,故D项正确。
考点:考查自然知识类短文阅读
点评:本文讲述的是日本的地震海啸以及美国的卡特琳娜飓风对美国的破坏。本文所设试题主要考察细节查找,对于文章中的细节题,要注意文本内容的理解。关键是找出原文的根据,认真核查题支和原文的异同,常犯错误有:绝对化语言,范围扩大或缩小,以偏概全,张冠李戴等。带着问题,再读全文,找出答题所需要的依据,完成阅读。
US researchers have found traces of an ancient lake on Mars recently, increasing hopes of discovering evidence that billions of years ago the Red planet hosted life.
The lake, which dates back some 3.4 billion years, appears to have covered as much as 80 square miles and was up to 1,500 feet deep, said the team from the University of Colorado.
“This is the first clear evidence of shorelines on the surface of Mars,”said Boulder’ s research associate, Gaetano Di Achille, in a study published in the latest edition of Geophysical Research Letters.
“The identification of the shorelines and accompanying geological evidence allows us to calculate the size and volume of the lake, which appears to have formed about 3.4 billion years ago.”
Analysis of the images has shown the water carved out the canyon (溪谷) in which it was found, which then opened out into a valley depositing (使淤积) sediment (沉积) which formed a delta (三角洲).
“Finding shorelines is a great discovery to us,” said assistant professor Brian Hynek, adding it showed the lake existed at a time when Mars was thought to have been cold and dry.
Scientists believe the oldest surfaces on Mars formed during the wet and warm era known as the Noachan epoch, about 4.1 billion to 3.7 billion years ago.
The newly discovered lake is believed to date from the Hesperian era and postdates the end of the warm and wet period on Mars by 300 million years, according to the study.
Scientists believe deltas next to the lake may well hold secrets about past life on Mars as such places on Earth have become the natural deposits of organic carbon and other markers of life.
【小题1】The size of the lake found on Mars is ______.
A.80 square miles | B.1,500 square miles |
C.3.4 billion square miles | D.300 million square miles |
A.hot and wet | B.wet and warm | C.cold and dry | D.cold and wet |
A.Because similar places on Earth have become natural deposits of markers of life. |
B.Because someone has put secrets about past life on Mars there. |
C.Because past life has been found in other deltas on Mars. |
D.Because some people are said to have already seen life marks there. |
A.The Noachan epoch was a wet and warm era. |
B.The lake might have existed 3.4 billion years. |
C.The discovery can’ t fully prove that the Mars once hosted life. |
D.The lake traces prove that there exists life on Mars now. |