The U.S. Department of Labor statistics show that there is an oversupply of college-trained workers and that this oversupply is increasing. Already there have been more than enough teachers, engineers 题目和参考答案——青夏教育精英家教网—

题目内容

The U.S. Department of Labor statistics (统计) show that there is an oversupply of college-trained workers and that this oversupply is increasing. Already there have been more than enough teachers, engineers, physicists, aerospace experts, and other specialists. Yet colleges and graduate schools continue every year to turn out highly trained people to compete for jobs that aren't there. The result is that graduates cannot enter the professions for which they were trained and must take temporary jobs which do not require a college degree.

On the other hand, there is a great need for skilled workers of all sorts: carpenters, electricians, mechanics, plumbers, TV repairmen.

These people have more work than they can deal with, and their annual incomes are often higher than those of college graduates. The old gap that white-collar workers make a better living than blue-collar workers no longer holds true. The law of supply and demand now favors the skilled workmen.

The reason for this situation is the traditional myth that college degree is a passport to a prosperous future. A large part of American society matches success in life equally with a college degree. Parents begin indoctrinating (灌输) their children with this myth before they are out of grade school. High school teachers play their part by acting as if high school education were a preparation for college rather than for life. Under this pressure the kids fall in line. Whether they want to go to college or not doesn't matter. Everybody should go to college, so of course they must go. And every year college enrollments (入学) go up and up, and more and more graduates are overeducated for the kinds of jobs available to them.

One result of this emphasis on a college education is that many people go to college who do not belong there. Of the sixty percent of high school graduates who enter college, half of them do not graduate with their class. Many of them drop out within the first year. Some struggle on for two or three years and then give up.

1. It's implied but not stated in the passage that .

A. many other countries are facing the same problem

B. white-collar workers in the US used to make more money than blue-collar workers

C. fewer students will prefer to go to college in the future

D. the law of supply and demand has a strong effect on American higher education

2. Which of the following is NOT a reason why college enrollments go up every year?

A. Many people believe that the only way to success is a college education.

B. Many parents want their children to go to college.

C. High school teachers urge their students to go to college.

D. Every young man and woman wants to go to college.

3. By saying that“many people go to college who do not belong there,” the author means that .

A. many people who are not fit for college education go to college

B. many people who do not have enough money go to college

C. many people who go to college drop out within the first year

D. many people who go to college have their hopes destroyed

4. We can infer from the passage that the author believes that .

A. every young man and woman should go to college

B. college education is a bad thing

C. people with a college education should receive higher pay

D. fewer people should go to college while more should be trained for skilled jobs

【小题1】B

【小题2】D

【小题3】A

【小题4】D

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Though he wore his whiskers (颊须) only four years, today we can hardly think of Abraham Lincoln without them. He often talked about the little girl in Westfield, New York, who suggested in a letter that he grow the famous whiskers. And he would add, “Sometimes a small thing can change our lives!”
Grace Bedell sat in her room looking at a picture of Lincoln. Her little lamp threw shadows on the picture. A frame (框) of small shadows lay around the thin face and covered the hollow cheeks (面颊). “Whiskers!” she thought.
“How nice!” she said to herself. “There will be more people to elect him President if he lets his whiskers grow. Somebody ought to tell him.” She reached for a pen and began to write the letter.
On February 16 of the following year a special train carried the newly elected President Lincoln to the White House. The train stopped briefly at a station near Grace’s town. At the station Lincoln was speaking to a large crowd, among whom were the Bedell family.
Lincoln continued his speech, “I have a little friend in this place,” he said. “That little lady told me how to improve my appearance, and I want to thank her. If she is present, I would like to speak to her. Her name is Grace Bedell.”
Grace’s father led her forward to Lincoln. She looked and laughed happily, for up there on his face were the whiskers.
If you visit Springfield, Illinois, today you will see the house in which Abraham Lincoln used to live. On the wall of a room hangs a piece of paper covered with a child’s handwriting: “Dear sir...”
【小题1】Which of the following is the best title for this passage?

A．Why Lincoln Grew Whiskers

B．A Little Girl’s Letter to Lincoln

C．How Lincoln Becamse President of the U. S.

D．Lincoln’s Great Kindness to Children

A．he looked terrible without whiskers around his face

B．he would look better with whiskers around his thin face

C．no one would elect him President if he had no whiskers

D．he would be famous with whiskers around his thin face

【小题3】Grace’s idea that Lincoln should grow whiskers came from ______.

A．the lamp	B．Lincoln’s hollow cheeks
C．the picture of Lincoln	D．the shadows on the picture

【小题4】When Lincoln said “Sometimes a small thing can change our lives”, what he really meant was that ______.

A．his whiskers had helped him to become President of the U. S.

B．one should pay attention to small things in one’s life

C．a little child’s advice had helped to improve his appearance

D．a child could play an important part in politics

【小题5】Which of the following did Grace most likely tell Lincoln in her letter?

Melissa Poe was 9 years old when she began a campaign for a cleaner environment by writing a letter to the then President Bush. Through her own efforts, her letter was reproduced on over 250 donated ( 捐赠) billboards (广告牌) across the country.
The response to her request for help was so huge that Poe established Kids For A Cleaner Environment (Kids F. A. C. E.) in 1989. There are now 300,000 members of Kids F.A.C.E. worldwide and it is the world’s largest youth environmental organization.
Poe has also asked the National Park Service to carry out a “Children’s Forest” project in every national park. In 1992, she was invited as one of only six children in the world to speak at the Earth Summit in Brazil as part of the Voices of the Future Program. In 1993, she was given a Caring Award for her efforts by the Caring Institute.
Since the organization started, Kids F.A.C.E. members have distributed and planted over 1 million trees! Ongoing tree-planting projects include Kids’ Yards — the creation of backyard wildlife habitats (栖息地) and now Kids F.A.C.E. is involved in the exciting Earth Odyssey, which is a great way to start helping.
“We try to tell kids that it’s not OK to be lazy,” she explains. “You need to start being a responsible (负责任的) , environmentally friendly person now, right away, before you become a resource-sucking adult.”
【小题1】Kids F.A.C.E. is __________.
A. a program to help students with writing
B. a project of litter recycling
C. a campaign launched by President Bush
D. a club of environmental protection
【小题2】What can we learn about Poe?

A．She was awarded a prize in Brazil.

B．She donated billboards across the country.

C．She got positive responses for her efforts.

D．She joined the National Park Service.

【小题3】Kid’s Yards is ____________.

A．established in national park

B．started to protect wildlife

C．a wildlife-raising project

D．an environment park for kids

【小题4】Which of the following can be inferred from the text?
A. Adults are resources –sucking people.
B. Poe sought help from a youth organization
C. Kids F.A.C.E. members are from the U.S.
D. Kids are urged to save natural resources.
【小题5】Poe was a girl aged _____when she began a campaign for a cleaner environment
by writing a letter to the then President Bush.

Many American presidents in the 19^th century were born in poor families. They spent their childhood in little wooden rooms. They got little education . Washington and Lincoln, for example, never went to school and they taught themselves. Lincoln once did jobs of a worker, shopkeeper and post officer in his early years.

A large number of U. S. presidents had experiences in the army. The two best known were Ulysses Grant and Dwight D. Eisenhower. Grant was a general (将军) in the American Civil War and Eisenhower was a hero in the Second World War. It happened that they graduated from the same school—West Point Military Academy . One may be surprised to learn that both of them did not do well in the school. Eisenhower, for example, was once fined (罚款) because he broke the rules of the school.

The jobs of U. S. presidents are tiring. He must keep an eye on anything important which happens both at home and abroad. Every day, a lot of work waits for him to do, and he has to make many important decisions. When Franklin Roosevelt was a child, he was once brought to visit President Taft. The old president said to him, “When you grow up, you should not be president. It’s a tiring job.”

1.In the nineteenth century, many U.S. presidents .

A．did not have much knowledge in their work

B．had been workers, shop-keepers and post officers in their early years

C．couldn’t receive good education before they grew up

D．didn’t want to go to school during their childhood

2.President Eisenhower became well-known .

A．while studying in West Point Military Academy.

B．during the American Civil War

C．after he was elected President of the U. S.

D．during World War II

3.In this passage, “keep an eye on” means “ ”.

A．pay close attention to B．not pay attention to

C．look at something with one eye D．never keep in mind

4.Which of the following do you think is right according to the last paragraph?

A．In the U. S. no one wanted to be president because it was tiring.

B．None of the presidents except Taft could do the tiring job.

C．It is an important and tiring job to be a president in the U. S.

D．President Taft didn’t want Roosevelt to be a president because he was too young.

5.Which do you think is the main idea of the second paragraph?

A．Many of the U. S. presidents had served in the army before they took office.

B．Only those who didn’t work hard at school but were good at fighting could be presidents.

C．Grant and Eisenhower became well-known because they both graduated from West Point Military Academy.

D．Eisenhower was President at the beginning of the Second World War.

Before Alaska became part of the U.S., it had been owned by Russia. Trading posts and small settlements were scattered along the coast. The rest of land was left unexplored. The Russians were mainly interested in the wealth of furs from the vast herds of seals they found there.

By the mid-1800’s, most of the seal herds had been wiped out, and Russia no longer wanted to keep Alaska. William Seward, Secretary of State for President Johnson, believed the United States should buy Alaska from Russia. President Johnson wasn’t so sure it was a wise way to spend U.S. money, but he agreed to let Seward discuss it with the Russians. Acting quickly, Seward made a deal. On March 30, 1867, he signed an agreement for the U.S. to pay seven million dollars for the land.

Many people thought it was a foolish waste of America’s money. They called the deal “Seward’s folly”. Then gold was discovered in Alaska and public opinion changed quickly.

Seward did not live to see the true value of Alaska. He died in 1872, five years after making the purchase (购买). Each year, Alaska’s natural resources(资源) have brought in many times the $7,000,000 paid for it. Natural gas, coal, oil, lumber, seafood and other minerals, besides the gold first found, have made it a valuable addition to the United States. In 1959, Alaska be-came the 49th state of the United States.

1.The Russians wanted to sell Alaska because ______.

A. they thought it wasn’t a good place

B. they thought it didn’t belong to Russia

C. they couldn’t find enough seals there

D. they wanted to earn more money from the U.S.

2.When Seward signed the agreement, many people thought ______.

A. it was a successful deal B. it had its true value

C. he wasted U.S. money D. he was clever

3.Which of the following things was found first in Alaska?

A. Gas. B. Coal. C. Oil. D. Gold.

4.The best title for this passage would probably be ______.

A. Alaska, a beautiful place B. Alaska with natural resources

C. Alaska, the 49th state of the U.S. D. Alaska, home to seals

三．阅读理解：（20×2.5=50分）

People have smoked cigarettes for a long time. The tobacco used to make cigarettes was grown in what is now part of the United States. Christopher Columbus, who discovered America, saw the Indians smoking, and soon the dried leaves were transported to Europe where smoking began to catch on. In the late 1800s, the Turk(土耳其人) made cigarettes even popular.

Cigarettes smoke contains at least two harmful substances, tar and nicotine. Tar, which forms as the tobacco burns, damages the lungs and therefore affects breathing. Nicotine, which is found in the leaves, causes the heart to beat faster and increases breathing rate.

Smoking cigarettes is dangerous. The U.S. Public Health Service stated that cigarette smoking is the cause of lung cancers and several other deadly diseases. The U.S. government now requires that each package of cigarettes bear（带有）a special warning about the danger of smoking.

1. The expression “catch on” in the passage may mean _________.

A. start B. cost a lot C. become popular D. dangerous

2. Before Columbus discovered America __________.

A. Europeans had smoked B. Nobody smoked in the world

C. Nicotine was not in tobacco D. Europeans had never smoked

3. In the nineteenth century smoking became popular because of the people in ________.

A. India B. Turkey C. the U.S. D. British

4. Breathing is affected by ___________.

A. nicotine B. tar C. heat D. both A and B

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