Passage 4(2016届江西省九校高三下学期联考)体裁话题词数难度建议时间说明文狗的祖先 325★★★☆☆8分钟Where do dogs come from?Gray wolves are their ancestors. Scientists are pretty consistent about that. And researchers have suggested 题目和参考答案——青夏教育精英家教网—

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Passage 4（2016届江西省九校高三下学期联考）

体裁	话题	词数	难度	建议时间
说明文	狗的祖先	325	★★★☆☆	8分钟

Where do dogs come from?

Gray wolves are their ancestors. Scientists are pretty consistent about that. And researchers have suggested that dogs’ origins can date back to Europe, the Near East, Siberia and South China. Central Asia is the newest and best candidate, according to a large study of dogs from around the world.

Laura M. Shannon and Adam R. Boyko at Cornell University, and an international group of other scientists, studied not only purebred(纯种的) dogs, but also street or village dogs.

Dr. Shannon analyzed three different kinds of DNA, Dr. Boyko said, the first time this has been done for such a large and diverse group of dogs from 38 countries. And that led them to Central Asia as the place of origin for dogs in much the same way that genetic studies have located the origin of modern humans in East Africa.

The analysis, Dr. Boyko said, pointed to Central Asia, as the place where ＂all the dogs alive today＂ come from. The data did not allow precise dating of the origin, he said, but showed it occurred at least 15,000 years ago.

Greger Larson of Oxford University, who is leading a large international effort to analyze ancient DNA from fossilized bones, said he was impressed by the study. ＂It’s really great to see not just the number of street dogs, but also the geographic breadth and the number of remote locations where the dogs were sampled,＂ he said in an email. He also praised the sampling of different kinds of DNA and the analytic methods.

Dr. Larson, who was not involved with the study, said he thought the Central Asia finding required further testing. He said he suspected that the origins of modern dogs were ＂extremely messy＂ and that no amount of sampling of living populations will be definitive. He said a combination of studies of modern and ancient DNA is necessary.

1.According to the research on a large number of dogs, we can know____________.

A. dogs mainly lived in Europe and the Far East

B. dogs would like to live in Central Asia

C. dogs’ ancestors come from gray wolves

D. the Near East has many gray wolves

2.What can we infer from what Dr. Boyko said?

A. There are three different kinds of DNA in dogs.

B. This is the second time they have done so many dogs.

C. They only do research on village dogs from many countries.

D. Modern humans are from East Africa while dogs come from Central Asia.

3.Greger Larson got a very deep impression of his study because he____________.

A. found the study based on many different dogs and the sample dogs’ remote locations

B. saw the number of street dogs from fossilized bones

C. watched the geographic breadth of the sampled dogs

D. praised his teammates for their hard work on the dogs

4.Who wasn’t engaged in the study of dogs’ origins?

A. Laura M. Shannon B. Adam R. Boyko

C. Shannon and Boyko D. Greger Larson

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完形填空

阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

A young man was getting ready to graduate from college. For many months he had 1 a beautiful sports car in a dealer’s showroom, and 2 his father could well 3 it, he told him that was all he wanted.

On the morning of his graduation day his father called him into his own study and told him how 4 he was to have such a fine son. He handed his son a beautiful gift box. 5 but slightly disappointed, the young man __6__ the box and found a lovely book. 7 , he raised his voice at his father and said, ＂ 8 all your money you give me a book? ＂ and rushed out of the house, 9 the book in the study.

He did not contact his father for a whole year 10 one day he saw in the street an old man who looked like his father. He 11 he had to go back home and see his father.

When he arrived at his father’s house, he was told that his father had been in hospital for a week. The moment he was about to 12 the hospital, he saw on the desk the 13 new book, just as he had left it one __14__ ago. He opened it and began to 15 the pages. Suddenly, a car key 16 from an envelope attached behind the book. It had a tag(标签)with the dealer’s name, the 17 dealer who had the sports car he had 18 . On the tag was the 19 of his graduation, and the 20 PAID IN FULL.

1.A. expected B. enjoyed C. admired D. owned

2.A. finding B. proving C. deciding D. knowing

3.A. afford B. offer C. keep D. like

4.A. encouraged B. comfortable C. proud D. moved

5.A. Nervous B. Serious C. Careful D. Curious

6.A. packed B. opened C. picked up D. put aside

7.A. Angrily B. Eagerly C. Calmly D. Anxiously

8.A. At B. From C. With D. To

9.A. toasting B. putting C. forgetting D. leaving

10.A. until B. as C. before D. unless

11.A. learned B. realized C. recognized D. admitted

12.A. get to B. search for C. turn to D. leave for

13. A. much B. still C. hardly D. quite

14.A. year B. month C. week D. day

15.A. clean B. read C. turn D. count

16.A. lost B. came C. appeared D. dropped

17.A. old B. same C. special D. new

18.A. remembered B. desired C. found D. met

19.A. picture B. place C. date D. sign

20.A. words B. information C. messages D. card

We walked as fast as we could, ________ to get there on time.

A．hoping B．to hope

C．hoped D．being hoped

（2017·北京卷书面表达）

你的英国朋友Jim所在的学校要组织学生来中国旅行，有两条线路可以选择：“长江之行”或者“泰山之旅”。Jim来信希望你能给些建议。请你给他回信，内容包括：

1.你建议的线路；

2.你的理由；

3.你的祝愿。

注意：1.词数不少于50；

2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。

Dear Jim,

Yours,

Li Hua

（2017·北京卷·单项填空）Many airlines now allow passengers to print their boarding passes online ______ their valuable time.

A. save B. saving C. to save D. saved

ssage3（2016·全国新课标I，C ）

体裁	话题	词数	难度	建议时间
记叙文	莎士比亚的戏剧被翻译成几个国家的语言，并将在这些国家的大剧院上映	258	★★☆☆☆	5分钟

I am peter Hodes ,a volunteer stem courier. Since March 2012, I’ve done 89 trips of those , 51 have been abroad, I have 42 hours to carry stem cells（干细胞）in my little box because I’ve got two ice packs and that’s how long they last, in all, from the time the stem cells are harvested from a donor(捐献者) to the time they can be implanted in the patient, we’ve got 72 hours at most, So I am always conscious of time.

I had one trip last year where I was caught by a hurricane in America. I picked up the stem cells in Providence, Rhode Island, and was meant to fly to Washington then back to London. But when I arrived at the check-in desk at Providence, the lady on the desk said: ＂Well, I’m really sorry, I’ve got some bad news for you-there are no fights from Washington.＂ So I took my box and put it on the desk and I said: ＂In this box are some stem cells that are urgently needed for a patient-please, please, you’ve got to get me back to the United Kingdom.＂ She just dropped everything. She arranged for a flight on a small plane to be held for mere-routed(改道)me through Newark and got me back to the UK even earlier than originally scheduled.

For this courier job, you’re consciously aware than that box you’re got something that is potentially going to save somebody’s life.

1.Which of the following can replace the underlined word ＂courier＂ in Paragraph17

A. provider B. delivery man

C. collector D. medical doctor

2.Why does Peter have to complete his trip within 42hours?

A. He cannot stay away from his job too long.

B. The donor can only wait for that long.

C. The operation needs hat very much.

D. The ice won’t last any longer.

3.Which flight did the woman put Peter on first?

A. To London B. To Newark

C. To Providence D. To Washington

(2016·浙江)A scientist working at her lab bench and a six-month-old baby playing with his food might seem to have little in common. After all, the scientist is engaged in serious research to uncover the very nature of the physical world, and the baby is, well, just playing…right? Perhaps, but some developmental psychologists(心理学家) have argued that this ＂play＂ is more like a scientific investigation than one might think.

Take a closer look at the baby playing at the table. Each time the bowl of rice is pushed over the table edge, it falls to the ground — and, in the process, it brings out important evidence about how physical objects interact (相互作用): bowls of rice do not float in mid-air, but require support to remain stable. It is likely that babies are not born knowing this basic fact of the universe; nor are they ever clearly taught it. Instead, babies may form an understanding of object support through repeated experiments and then build on this knowledge to learn even more about how objects interact. Though their ranges and tools differ, the baby’s investigation and the scientist’s experiment appear to share the same aim(to learn about the natural world), overall approach (gathering direct evidence from the world), and logic (are my observations what I expected?).

Some psychologists suggest that young children learn about more than just the physical world in this way—that they investigate human psychology and the rules of language using similar means. For example, it may only be through repeated experiments, evidence gathering, and finally overturning a theory, that a baby will come to accept the idea that other people can have different views and desires from what he or she has, for example, unlike the child, Mommy actually doesn’t like Dove chocolate.

Viewing childhood development as a scientific investigation throws light on how children learn, but it also offers an inspiring look at science and scientists. Why do young children and scientists seem to be so much alike? Psychologists have suggested that science as an effort—the desire to explore, explain, and understand our world — is simply something that comes from our babyhood. Perhaps evolution (进化) provided human babies with curiosity and a natural drive to explain their worlds, and adult scientists simply make use of the same drive that served them as children. The same cognitive (认知的) systems that make young children feel good about figuring something out may have been adopted by adult scientists. As some psychologists put it,＂ It is not that children are little scientists but that scientists are big children.＂

1.According to some developmental psychologists, .

A. a baby’s play is nothing more than a game

B. scientific research into babies’ games is possible

C. the nature of babies’ play has been thoroughly investigated

D. a baby’s play is somehow similar to a scientist’s experiment

2.We learn from Paragraph 2 that .

A. scientists and babies seem to observe the world differently

B. scientists and babies often interact with each other

C. babies are born with the knowledge of object support

D. babies seem to collect evidence just as scientists do

3.Children may learn the rules of language by .

A. exploring the physical world B. investigating human psychology

C. repeating their own experiments D. observing their parents’ behaviors

4.What is the main idea of the last paragraph?

A. The world may be more clearly explained through children’s play.

B. Studying babies’ play may lead to a better understanding of science.

C. Children may have greater ability to figure out things than scientists.

D. One’s drive for scientific research may become stronger as he grows.

5. What is the author’s tone when he discusses the connection between scientists’ research and babies’ play?

A. Convincing. B. Confused.

C. Confident. D. Cautious.

March, April and May are months full of festivals and events all over the world. Here are four wonderful festivals around the world that happen in spring. If you want to know more about them, please click here or visit http://www. buddhanet. net/festival, htm/.

SongKran—Thailand

Dates: 13th-15th, April

In Thailand, people celebrate a festival called Songkran, when people head out to the streets with water guns to spray everyone who walks past.

Naghol—Vanuatu

Dates: Every Saturday from April to May

Every year, villagers come together to celebrate the harvest of yams, an important part in the people’s diet in Vanuatu. The festival is most famous for its “land diving ceremony”. During the ceremony men and boys dive to the ground from high wooden towers with only two thin vines (藤) attached to their ankles.

Cherry Blossom Viewing—Japan

Dates: The cherry blossom season is different from year to year depending on the weather forecast.

The festival is well-known. Japanese celebrate the days when the flowers finally blossom. Only a few days later, the petals (花瓣) fall to the ground, like pink snowflakes. That means the traditional festival only lasts for several days. In Japan, almost everyone has picnics in the parks to view the flowers.

Sinhalese New Year—Sri Lanka

Dates: 13th or 14th, April

Just like in many other countries in South or South East Asia, this is the time when the Sinhalese celebrate the traditional New Year, an ancient celebration which marks the end of the harvest season and is one of two times of the year when the sun is straight above Sri Lanka. There are a lot of delicious foods during the celebration.

1.What may happen to a tourist walking in the street during SongKran in Thailand?

A. He may get wet.

B. He may be shot by the locals.

C. He may enjoy delicious foods.

D. He may see some petals falling.

2.Where can you go to enjoy amazing performances during the festival?

A. Thailand. B. Vanuatu.

C. Japan. D. Sri Lanka.

3.How is Cherry Blossom Viewing different from the other three festivals?

A. It is a traditional festival.

B. It is a very famous festival.

C. It varies with weather conditions every year.

D. It allows visitors to eat food during the festival.

4.Where are you most likely to find the text?

A. On TV.

B. In a report.

C. On the Internet.

D. In a newspaper.

1.When people think of factories, they think of clouds of dirty smoke or of pipes_________（倾泻）chemical waste into rivers。

2.It also watches the river and stops the_________（非法的）hunting of animals, which has put the wild animals population at risk.

3.A healthy environment is important for our__________(生存)．

4.The efforts of the Chinese government and people to protect this much?loved river will be___________(感激) for years to come.

5.Many people b _____________this change on gases such as carbon dioxide.

6.Therefore, the more petrol and electricity we _________（消耗) , the more carbon we are to release.

7.When the teacher entered the classroom, she found the pupils were a_________ in their Maths exercise.

8.The price of oil has been on the d_________ recently.

9.The whole family arranged a party to celebrate the new a_________.

10.Teachers are supposed to give c_________ to (称赞)students, thus inspiring students in a positive way.

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