UN the United Nations. 题目和参考答案——青夏教育精英家教网—

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UN______ the United Nations.

stands for

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When the world was a simpler place ,the rich were fat ,the poor were thin ,and right-thinking people worried about how to feed the hungry .Now ,in much of the world ,the rich are thin ,the poor are fat ,and right-thinking people are worrying about fatness.?
Evolution（进化）is mostly to blame. It has designed mankind to deal with lack ,not plenty .People are perfectly fit to store energy in good years to see them through lean ones. But when bad time never comes ,they are stuck with that energy ,stored around their expanding bellies.?
Thanks to rising agricultural productivity ,lean years are rarer all over the globe .According to the UN ,the number of people short of food fell from 920 m in 1980 to 799 m 20 years later ,even though the world's population increased by 1.6 billion over the period .This is mostly a cause for celebration .Mankind has won what was ,for most of his time on this planet ,his biggest battle：to ensure that he and his offspring had enough to eat. But every silver lining has a cloud ,and the result of prosperity is a new trouble.?
Fatness is the world's biggest public-health topic today—the main cause of heart disease ,which kills more ?people? these days than AIDS ,malaria（疟疾）,war; the major risk factor in diabetes（糖尿病）；heavily connected with cancer and other diseases .Since the World Health Organization labeled fatness an “epidemic（流行病）”in 2000,?reports? on its fearful results have come thick and fast.?
Will public-health warnings ,combined with media pressure ,persuade people to get thinner ,just as they ?finally? put them off tobacco? Possibly .In the rich world ,sales of healthier foods are booming and new figures suggest that over the past year Americans got very slightly thinner for the first time in recorded history .But even if Americans are losing a few ounces ,it will be many years before the country solves the health problems caused by half a century's dining to overload .And ,everywhere else in the world ,people are still piling on the pounds .That's why there is now an agreement among doctors that governments should do something to stop them.?
1.What's the main idea the writer intends to tell us in this passage??
A.It's harmful to have enough to eat.?
B.It's better to be thin than fat.?
C.Fatness is the greatest danger in the world.?
D.Fatness has become a great health problem.
2.It can be inferred from the passage that the biggest problem in history is_______.
A.people were thin?
B.people smoked heavily?
C.there was not enough food to eat?
D.people stored energy in good years
3.Why does the author compare smoking with the fat problem in this passage??
A.Because they are both difficult problems to be settled.?
B.Because they both lead to the same diseases.?
C.Because they are both bad habits.?
D.Because they are both harmful to health.
4.Which of the following is TRUE according to this passage??
A.Man has got rid of lean years by increasing agricultural productivity.?
B.Though fatness is a difficult problem ,man may break away from it.? C.Fatness may cause many diseases such as heart disease ,AIDS and cancer.?
D.The fat problem won't be settled until governments take measures.

Joseph Goldberger was a doctor for the Unite States Public Health Service. In 1912, he began to study a disease that was killing thousands of people in the South. The disease was pellagra(烟酸缺乏病).
Doctor Goldberger traveled to the state of Mississippi where many people had pellagra. He studied the patients and their families. Most of the people were poor. The doctor came to believe that the disease was not passed from one person to another, but instead had something to do with food.
He received agreement from state officials to test this idea at a prison(监狱). Prisoners were offered pardons if they took part. One group of prisoners received their usual food, mostly corn. A second group ate meat, fresh vegetables and milk. Members of the first group developed pellagra. The second group did not.
But some experts refused to accept that poor food caused pellagra. They thought there were other causes.
So Doctor Goldberger put blood(血液) from a person with pellagra into his own body. He even took pills that had blood from pellagra patients. An assistant also took part in the experiments. So did Doctor Goldberger’s wife. None of them got sick. Later, the doctor discovered that a bit of dried brewer’s yeast(酿酒的酵母) each day could prevent pellagra.
Joseph Goldberger died of cancer in 1929. He was 55 years old. Several years later, researchers discovered the true cause of pellagra: having little of the vitamin B.
【小题1】 How old was Doctor Goldberger when he began to study pellagra?

【小题2】The underlined part “this idea” (in Paragraph 3) refers to .

A．the guessing that pellagra had something to do with food

B．a kind of yeast that prevented pellagra

C．pellagra that was easily pas

sed from one person to another

D．a poor food that caused pellagra

【小题3】 Which is the right order about what Doctor Goldberger did?
a. He did a test on prisoners at a prison.
b. He did the experiments on himself.
c. He came to Mississippi to study the patients and their families.
d. He found poor food was easy to cause pellagra.
e. He discovered a little dried brewer’s yeast every day could prevent pellagra.

【小题4】 This passage mainly tells us .

A．Doctor Goldberger’s lif

B．something about pellagra

C．Doctor Goldberger’s work experience

D．Doctor Goldberger’s study on pellagra

The legal age for drinking alcohol in the Unite States is twenty-one. Underage drinking is a crime but also a common part of college social life. This week in our Foreign Student Series, we look at alcohol rules at American colleges and universities. These rules differ from school to school, but many schools have been moving to strengthen their rules.
The United States has more than 17,000,000 students in higher education. Each year, 1700 of them die from alcohol-related road crashes and other injuries. 600,000 more are injured while under the influence of alcohol. And almost 700,000 are attacked by another drunken.
One behavior that college officials are trying to prevent is too much drink. Some researchers have found that students who think binge drinking(狂饮) is normal often think extremely how much other students really drink. A person can die of alcohol poisoning. At Oklahoma University, a nineteen-year-old student died from drinking heavily at a party in 2005.
Now alcohol is banned from all sorority houses(联谊会会馆) and university housing. Student organizations can serve alcohol at events but only on Friday and Saturday nights. Other new requirements include an alcohol education program that first-year students take online.
The rules govern behavior on campus(大学校园)and off. With a first violation(违犯)，students pay seventy-five dollars and their parents are told. They must also take an alcohol education class. For a second “strike”, they have to pay one hundred fifty dollars. A third strike means that they have to be suspended school for at least one semester.
Since 2005,363 students have had a first strike. 30 have had a second strike-and only one hasn’t allowed to go to school for one semester. The president at Oklahoma tells us the aim is not just to punish but to change the behavior and culture at the university.
【小题1】The first paragraph mainly tells us that .

A．the legal age at the lowest for drinking alcohol is 21

B．many colleges consider drinking alcohol to be a crime

C．drinking alcohol is a necessary and popular campus culture

D．American colleges and universities have their own alcohol rules

【小题2】Every year the number of the students who die or are injured because of alcohol in the USA adds up to about .

【小题3】If a student has a third strike, he or she should .

A．have to stop going to school for a time.

B．be removed to another school

C．be locked at home for a period.

D．be forced to leave school forever.

【小题4】Which of the following is TRUE?

A．College students are not allowed to drink alcohol at any time.

B．If students take an alcohol program online, they can drink alcohol.

C．Students having a first strike only receive punishment of fine.

D．Students with a second strike pay twice as much as students with a first strike.

【小题5】From the last paragraph we can infer that .

A．alcohol rules have no effect on college students

B．drinking alcohol remains a serious problem

C．alcohol rules aim to change the behavior and culture at the university

D．the number of students drinking alcohol is dropping in one way

根据提示，完成下列句子。（每空填一个单词，每题1分，共5分）

1．我们应该保护河流不受污染。

We should ____________ the rivers ____________ ___________ _____________ .

2．他死之前为科学作出了巨大的贡献。

He ___________ a great ______________ ___________ science before he died .

3．他下决心在周五前完成这项工作。

He ____________ ______________ ___________ get the work done before Friday .

4．如果没有人叫你的名字我也认不出你。

I ________ ______ _________you, either,if someone hadn’t called you by name.

5．UN代表着联合国。 UN ______________ ______________ the United Nations.

请认真阅读下列短文，并根据短文的内容要点完成文章后的表格列单。

注意：补全填空应符合语法和搭配要求，每空只填一个单词。

American public education has changed in recent years. One change is that increasing numbers of American parents and teachers are starting independent public schools called charter schools.

In 1991, there were no charter schools in the Unite States. Today, more than 2300 charter schools operate in 34 states and the District of Columbia. 575000 students attend these schools. The students are from 5 years of age through 18 or older.

A charter school is created by groups of parents, teachers and community members. It is similar in some ways to a traditional public school. It receives tax money to operate a number of students. The charter school must prove to local or state governments that its students are learning. These governments provide the school with the agreement, or charter that permits it to operate.

Unlike a traditional public school, however, the charter school does not have to obey most laws governing public schools. Local, state or federal governments cannot tell it what to teach.

Each school can choose its own goals and decide the ways it wants to reach those goals. Class sizes are usually smaller than in many traditional public schools. Many students and parents say teachers in charter schools can be more creative.

However, state education agencies, local education-governing committees and unions often oppose charter schools. They say these schools may receive money badly needed by traditional public schools. Experts say some charter schools are doing well while others are struggling.

Congress provided 200 million dollars for establishing charter schools in the 2006 federal budget. But, often the schools say they lack enough money for programs. Many also lack needed space. District officials say they have provided 14 former school buildings for charter education. Yet charter school supporters say officials should try harder to find more space.

Charter Schools in America

1.__________	Charter schools are called independent public schools.
2._______ between charter school and traditional school	★3. _______ tax money to operate a number of students. ★ Having to make4. _______ know the students are learning. ★ Getting 5. _________ to operate from government.
6.______ between charter school and traditional school	★ Not having to obey most laws. ★ Having the 7._______ to decide what to teach. ★ Being free to choose the goals and decide the 8.__________ of teaching them. Having smaller class sizes. Having teachers who are more creative
The problems	Education departments’ opposition	★These schools receiving money badly needed by traditional public schools. ★ Not 9.___________ doing well.
10.___________ difficulties	★ Lacking enough money ★ Lacking needed space

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