A small dog should be belly-up after eating a handful M＆M’s, at least according to conventional wisdom．But watching“Moose”, a friend’s five-pound Chihuahua, race around a living room after his sweet snack makes one wonder: Is chocolate truly poisonous to dogs?
Dogs and humans have similar tastes．But unlike humans, our companions experience dangerous effects from eating chocolate－it can poison them and in some cases is fatal．Chocolate’s danger to dogs depends on its quality．
Chocolate is processed from the bitter seeds of the cocoa tree, which contain a family of compounds known as methylxanthines(一种衍生物)．This class of substances includes caffeine and the related chemical theobromine(可可碱)．Chocolate contains a significant amount of theobromine and smaller amounts of caffeine．These chemicals can cause a dog’s heart to race up to twice its normal rate, and some dogs may run around as if“they drank a gallon of espresso,”according to Hackett．
Dogs are capable of handling some chocolate, but it depends on the animal’s weight and the type of chocolate it eats．Unsweetened baking chocolate contains more than six times as much theobromine as milk chocolate, although amounts vary between cocoa beans as well as different brands of chocolate．Less than four ounces of milk chocolate is potentially fatal for Moose and other small dogs．
Around every confection-centered holiday－Valentine’s Day, Easter and Christmas－at least three or four dogs are hospitalized overnight in the animal medical center at Colorado State．But in 16 years, Hackett has seen just one dog die from chocolate poisoning, and he suspects it may have had an underlying disease that made it more exposed to chocolate’s heart –racing effect．
(1)
The underlined expression“belly-up”probably means ________．
[ ]
A．
dead
B．
poisonous
C．
running around
D．
having a headache
(2)
All of the following are true EXCEPT ________．
[ ]
A．
chocolate’s danger to dogs depends on its quantity and quality
B．
people buy lots of chocolate around Valentine’s Day
C．
an ounce of unsweetened baking chocolate is safe for Moose
D．
there must be some theobromine or caffeine in espresso
(3)
What can we learn about Hackett?
[ ]
A．
He is an animal doctor．
B．
He is a pet shop owner．
C．
He is the owner of Moose
D．
He is a doctor in a small hospital．
(4)
It can be inferred from the passage that Hackett believes that ________．
[ ]
A．
chocolate is truly deadly to dogs
B．
it’s OK to give chocolate to a big dog
C．
pets are usually ignored around confection-centered holidays
D．
a healthy dog probably could survive a chocolate poisoning
(5)
The passage is mainly about ________．
[ ]
A．
the poisoning of Moose
B．
the compounds of different chocolates
C．
a handful M＆M’s chocolate is poisonous
D．
the relation between methylxanthines and chocolate poisoning
Malaria, the world's most widespread parasitic(寄生虫引起的)disease, kills as many as three million people every year－almost all of whom are under five, very poor, and African．In most years, more than five hundred million cases of illness result from the disease, although exact numbers are difficult to assess because many people don't(or can't)seek care．It is not unusual for a family earning less than two hundred dollars a year to spend a quarter of its income on malaria treatment, and what they often get no longer works．In countries like Tanzania, Mozambique, and the Gambia, no family, village, hospital, or workplace can remain unaffected for long．
Malaria starts suddenly, with violent chills, which are soon followed by an intense fever and, often, headaches．As the parasites multiply, they take over the entire body．Malaria parasites live by eating the red blood cells they infect(感染)．They can also attach themselves to blood vessels in the brain．If it doesn't kill you, malaria can happen again and again for years．The disease passed on to humans by female mosquitoes infected with one of four species of parasite．Together, the mosquito and the parasite are the most deadly couple in the history of the earth－and one of the most successful．Malaria has five thousand genes, and its ability to change rapidly to defend itself and resist new drugs has made it nearly impossible to control．Studies show that mosquitoes are passing on the virus more frequently, and there are more outbreaks in cities with large populations．Some of the disease's spread is due to global warming．
For decades, the first-choice treatment for malaria parasites in Africa has been chloroquine, a chemical which is very cheap and easy to make．Unfortunately, in most parts of the world, malaria parasites have become resistant to it．Successful alternatives that help prevent resistance are already available, but they have been in short supply and are very expensive．If these drugs should fail, nobody knows what would come next．
(1)
According to paragraph 1, many people don't seek care because___．
[ ]
A．
they are too poor
B．
it is unusual to seek care
C．
they can remain unaffected for long
D．
there are too many people suffering from the disease
(2)
People suffering from malaria___．
[ ]
A．
have to kill female mosquitoes
B．
have ability to defend parasites
C．
have their red blood cells infected
D．
have sudden fever, followed by chills
(3)
Which of the following may be the reason for the wide spread of the disease?
[ ]
A．
Its resistance to global warming．
B．
Its ability to pass on the virus frequently．
C．
Its outbreaks in cities with large populations．
D．
Its ability to defend itself and resist new drugs．
(4)
It can be inferred from the passage that___．
[ ]
A．
no drugs have been found to treat the disease
B．
the alternative treatment is not easily available to most people
C．
malaria has developed its ability to resist parasites
D．
nobody knows what will be the drug to treat the disease
(5)
Which of the following questions has NOT been discussed in the passage?
[ ]
A．
How can we know one is suffering from malaria?
B．
How many people are killed by malaria each year?
C．
Why are there so many people suffering from malaria 7
D．
What has been done to keep people unaffected for long 7
阅渎理解
Are some people born clever，and others born stupid?Or is intelligence developed by our environment and our experience?Strangely enough, the answer to these questions is yes．To some extent our intelligence is given to us at birth, and no amount of education can make a genius out of a child born with low intelligence．On the other hand, a child who lives in a boring environment will develop his intelligence less than one who lives in rich and varied surroundings．Thus the limits of person’s intelligence are fixed at birth, whether or not he reaches those limits will depend on his environment．This view, now held by most experts, can be supported in a number of ways．
It is easy to show that intelligence is to some extent something we are born with．The closer the blood relationship between two people, the closer they are likely to be intelligent．Thus if we take two unrelated people at random from population, it is likely that their degree of intelligence will be completely different．If, on the other hand, we take two identical twins, they will very likely to be as intelligent as each other．Relations like brothers and sisters, parents and children, usually have similar intelligence, and this clearly suggests that intelligence depends on birth．
Imagine now that we take two identical twins and put them in different environments．We might send one, for example, to a university and the other to a factory where the work is boring．We would soon find differences in intelligence developing, and this indicates that environment as well as birth plays a part．This conclusion is also suggested by the fact that people who live in close contact with each other, but who are not related at all are likely to have similar degree of intelligence．
(1)
The writer is in favor of the view that man’s intelligence is given to him ________．
[ ]
A．
at birth
B．
through education
C．
both at birth and through education
D．
neither at birth nor through education
(2)
If a child is born with low intelligence, he can ________．
[ ]
A．
become a genius
B．
still become a genius if he should be given special education
C．
reach his intelligence limits in rich surroundings
D．
not reach his intelligence in his life
(3)
In the second paragraph, the underlined sentence means“if we ________．”
[ ]
A．
pick any two persons
B．
take out two different persons
C．
choose two persons who are relative
D．
choose two persons with different intelligence
(4)
The example of the twins going to a university and to a factory separately shows ________．
[ ]
A．
the importance of their intelligence
B．
the role of environment on intelligence
C．
the importance of their positions
D．
the part that birth plays
(5)
The best title of the passage can be ________．
[ ]
A．
Surroundings
B．
Intelligence
C．
Dependence on Environment
D．
Effect of Education
阅渎理解
The Peales were a famous family of American artists．Charles Willson Peale is best remembered for his portraits of leading figures of the American Revolution．He painted portraits of Franklin and Jefferson and over a dozen of George Washington．His life-size portrait of his sons Raphaelle and Titian was so realistic that George Washington reportedly once tipped his hat to the figures in the picture．
Charles Willson Peale gave up painting in his middle age and devoted his life to the Peale museum, which he founded in Philadelphia．The world’s first popular museum of art and natural science mainly covered paintings by Peale and his family as well as displays of animals in their natural settings．Peale found the animals himself and found a method to make the exhibits more lifelike．The museum’s most popular display was the skeleton(骷髅)of a huge, extinct elephant, which Peale unearthed on a New York farm in 1801．
Three of Peale’s seventeen children were also famous artists．Paphaelle Peale often painted still lives of flowers, fruit, and cheese．His brother Rembrandt studied under his father and painted portraits of many noted people, including one of George Washington．Another brother, Rubens Peale, painted mostly landscapes and portraits．
James Peale, the brother of Charles Willson Peale, specialized in miniatures(小画像)．His daughter Sarah Miriam Peale was probably the first professional female portrait painter in America．
(1)
What is the main topic of the passage?
[ ]
A．
The life of Charles Willson Peale．
B．
Portraits in the 18th century．
C．
The Peale Museum．
D．
A family of artists．
(2)
The author mentions in Paragraph 1 that Washington tipped his hat to the figures in the painting to show that ________．
[ ]
A．
Charles Willson Peale’s painting was very lifelike
B．
Washington respected Charles Willson Peale’s work
C．
Washington was friendly with Raphaelle and Titian Peale
D．
the painting of the two brothers was very large
(3)
The underlined word “unearthed” is closest in meaning to“________”．
[ ]
A．
showed
B．
dug up
C．
invented
D．
looked over
(4)
Which of the following is NOT the child of Charles Willson Peale?
[ ]
A．
Titian Peale．
B．
Rubens Peale．
C．
Raphaelle Peale．
D．
Sarah Miriam Peale．
(5)
The author’s attitude toward the Peales is in general ________．
[ ]
A．
puzzled
B．
excited
C．
admiring
D．
disappointed
阅渎理解
In today’s world English is the most wildly used language．It is our duty to learn English in the new situation of the reform and opening(改革开放)to the outside world．How can we master the English language? I’d like to give you some good advice．
First, get interested in it．I enjoy listening to foreign friends talking when I was a child．At the same time I watched the English programme Follow Me on TV．From then on, I kept on learning English．The more I learned, the more progress I made．
Second, practice makes perfect．Many people study English very hard, but they are very shy to speak it in public, for they are afraid of making mistakes．Remember you have to make a mistake before you can correct it．A native English speaker makes mistakes sometimes, too．
Third, the beginners should be encouraged to pay attention to idioms．The English language has many idioms．For example, you should say “ He is as strong as a cow．”
(1)
The writer wants to tell us ________．
[ ]
A．
the importance of learning English
B．
the new situation of the reform and opening to the outside world
C．
some good ideas on how to master English
D．
the wide use of the English language
(2)
If we want to learn English, we must first ________．
[ ]
A．
show interest in it
B．
enjoy listening to it
C．
watch English programmes on TV
D．
practice speaking it
(3)
When we are learning English, ________．
[ ]
A．
remember the mistakes and correct them
B．
try not to make any mistakes
C．
avoid mistakes before making them
D．
don’t be afraid of making mistakes
(4)
The underlined sentence in Paragraph 3 means “________．”
[ ]
A．
Remember to make a mistake before you can correct it
B．
You are sure to make a mistake before you can correct it
C．
Remember you have to make a mistake and then correct it
D．
You’ll make a mistake after you can correct it
(5)
According to the writer, what is the most important in learning English?
[ ]
A．
Practising, listening and speaking as much as possible．
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