题目内容

"Indeed," George Washington wrote in his diary in 1785, "some kind of fly, or bug, had begun to eat the leaves before I left home." But the father of America was not the father of bug. When Washington wrote that, Englishmen hade been referring to insects as bugs for more than a century, and Americans had already created lightning-bug(萤火虫). But the English were soon to stop using the bugs in their language, leaving it to the Americans to call a bug a bug in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries.

　　The American bug could also be a person, referring to someone who was crazy about a particular activity. Although fan became the usual term, sports fans used to be called racing bugs, baseball bugs, and the like.

　　Or the bug could be a small machine or object, for example, a bug-shaped car. The bug could also be a burglar alarm, from which comes the expression to bug, that is, "to install (安装) an alarm". Now it means a small piece of equipment that people use for listening secretly to others' conversation. Since the 1840s, to bug has long meant "to cheat", and since the 1940s it has been annoying.

　　We also know the bug as a flaw in a computer program or other design. That meaning dates back to the time of Thomas Edison. In 1878 he explained bugs as "little problems and difficulties" that required months of study and labor to overcome in developing a successful product. In 1889 it was recorded that Edison "had been up the two previous nights discovering 'a bug' in his invented record player."

1.We learn from Paragraph 1 that __________________.

A. Americans had difficulty in learning to use the word bug

B. George Washington was the first person to call an insect a bug

C. the word bug was still popularly used in English in the nineteenth century

D. both Englishman and Americans used the word bug in the eighteenth century

2.What does the word "flaw" in the last paragraph probably mean?

A. Fault.      B. Finding.        C. Origin.      D. Explanation.

3.The passage is mainly concerned with__________________.

A. the misunderstanding of the word bug

B. the development of the word bug

C. the public views of the word bug

D. the special characteristics of the word bug

 

【答案】

 

1.D

2.A

3.B

【解析】

试题分析 本文是说明方，介绍的是bug 一词的演变过程。

1.D细节题。第一段第一句话中提到乔治华盛顿在1785年用到这个词汇，而第一段最后一句话，说，英国很快就不用这个词，美国却在19和20世纪继续使用。推断出18世纪英国还在用，故选 D 项是正确的。

2.A 细节题。最后一段In 1878 he explained bugs as "little problems and difficulties故这个单词用来说明电脑出现故障，故选 A项。

3.B 主旨大意。本文主要是讲bug 一词的演变过程，故选 B项。

考查   文化类阅读。

 

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完形填空（共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分）

阅读下面短文，从短文后所给各题的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

I recently heard a story about a famous scientist who had made several very important medical breakthroughs. He was being interviewed by a reporter who asked him    36    he thought he was able to be so much more    37    than the average person.

He    38    that it all came from a(n)   39    with his mother that occurred when he was about 2. He had been trying to remove milk from the fridge when he    40    the slippery(光滑的) bottle, its contents running all over the kitchen floor.

When his mother came in,    41    shouting at him or giving him a lecture, she said, "Robert, what a great and wonderful    42    you have made! I have    43    seen such a huge pool of milk. Well, the damage has already been    44   . Would you like to get down and    45    in the milk for a few minutes before we clean it up?"

Indeed, he did. After a few minutes, his mother said, "Robert, whenever you make a mess like this, eventually you have to    46    everything to its proper order. So, how would you like to do that? We could use a sponge(海绵), a towel or a mop. Which do you prefer?" He chose the sponge.

His mother then said, "You know, what we have here is a    47    experiment in how to effectively carry a big milk bottle with two    48    hands. Let's go out in the back yard and fill the bottle with water and see if you can make it." The little boy learned that if he    49    the bottle at the top near the lip with both hands, he could carry it without dropping it. What a wonderful    50   !

This scientist then remarked that it was at that moment that he knew he didn't need to be    51   to make mistakes. Instead, he learned that mistakes were just    52    for learning something new, which is,    53   , what scientific experiments are all about. Even if the experiment "doesn't   54   ," we usually learn something    55    from it.

36. A. why                          B. what                     C. when                     D. how

37. A. capable                      B. able                        C. creative                  D. original

38. A. responded                 B. reacted                   C. recalled                  D. reminded

39. A. coincidence              B. experience             C. incident                        D. conflict

40. A. fell                                  B. lost                          C. escaped                    D. dropped

41. A. rather than                 B. instead of                C. other than                 D. in place of

42. A. picture                       B. mass                       C. map                        D. mess

43. A. rarely                        B. happily                   C. frequently                D. angrily

44. A. obtained                    B. suffered                  C. done                       D. received

45. A. jump                         B. play                        C. enjoy                       D. draw

46. A. recover                      B. return                    C. restore                         D. regain

47. A. failed                              B. successful               C. fantastic                D. painful

48. A. strong                        B. tiny                        C. thin                        D. weak

49. A. controlled                 B. possessed               C. seized                      D. grasped

50. A. example                     B. teaching                   C. lesson                      D. instruction

51. A. anxious                    B. nervous                   C. fearful                     D. afraid

52. A. situations                   B. opportunities            C. occasions                 D. turns

53. A. after all                            B. above all                 C. first of all                 D. in all

54. A. do                             B. finish                     C. go                         D. work

55. A. worthy                      B. costly                      C. valuable                   D. interesting

你将听到一段故事，故事播两遍。听完故事后，用自己的话复述故事。

要点提示：当little Robert 拿牛奶时打碎了牛奶瓶，他的妈妈没有责备他。最终他知道了如何才能抓稳牛奶瓶。

关键词：spilling溢出  mess混乱,凌乱  clean up  清理  experiment  实验

录音内容：Little Robert had been trying to remove a bottle of milk from the refrigerator when he lost his grip on the slippery bottle and it fell, spilling its contents all over the kitchen floor. When his mother came into the kitchen, instead of punishing him, she said, “Robert, what a great and wonderful mess you have made! Well, the damage has already been done. Would you like to get down and play in the milk for a few minutes before we clean it up?" Indeed, he did.

After a few minutes they together cleaned up the spilled milk.

His mother then said, “You know, what we have here is a failed experiment in how to effectively carry a big milk bottle with two tiny hands. Let’s go out in the back yard and fill the bottle with water and see if you can discover a way to carry it without dropping it."

The little boy learned that if he grasped the bottle at the top near the lip with both hands, he could carry it without dropping it.

 

                                                After the Summer Olympics are over, when all the athletes have gone home and

the television audience has switched off, another group of athletes and fans will arrive at the host city, and another competition will begin. These are the Paralympics, the games for athletes with a disability. But in Beijing in 2008, for the first time, one of the greatest Paralympies will not be taking part.

     She is a British athlete by the name of Tanni Crey-Thormpson. Born with spine

hifida (脊椎裂) which left her paralysed from the waist down. Tanni used a

wheelchair from the age of 7. At first, she was not keen on sport, apart from

horse-riding, which gave her a sense of freedom. But in her teens, she started taking

sports more seriously. She tried swimming, basketball and tennis. Eventually she

found athletics, and never looked back.

     Indeed, Tanni's athletic career took off. In 1984, whenshe was 15, she pulled off a surprise victory in the 100 metres at the Junior National Wheelehair Games. In 1988,Tanui went to her first Paralympic Games in Seoul. She won bronze in the 400 metres.Even greater success followed at the 1992 Barcelona. Paralympics. Tanni won gold in the 100,200,400 and 800 metres relay, setting two world records in the process. In the same year she achieved she first of her six London Wheelchair Marathon

victories.

     Tanni's enduring success had been part motivation, part preparation, "The

training I do enables me to be a good sprinter (短跑运动员) enables me to be good at a marathon too. I train 50 weeks of the year and that keeps me prepared for whatever

distance I want to race  I am still competing at a very high lever, but as I get older things get harder and I want to retire before I fall apart."

     Indeed Tanni retired finally after the Visa Paralympic World Cup in 2007. Her

wish is to coach young athletes for Beijing 2008 Olympic Games.

     In spite of ups and downs, she never takes her fate lying down. In her splendid

life, she has won an amazing eleven gold medals, four silvers and one bronze in series

of Paralympics--a top lever athletic career covering two decades. She has won the

London Wheelchair Marathon six times, more than any other competitor, and she has

set over thirty world records.

     What advice does she have for young athletes? "Work hard at your studies, and

then train, train and train again."

46. Which of the following sports did Tanni like before thirteen?

    A. Basketball      B. Swimming.      C. Tennis.     D. Horse-riding.

47. When did Tanni win her first Olympic gold medal?_

    A. In 1984.         B. In 1988.         C. In 1992.      D. In 2007.

48. The underlined word "that" in the 5th paragraph refers to______________.

    A. fifty weeks' training           B. being a good sprinter

    C. training almost every day        D. part motivation and part preparation

49. What's the right order of the events related to Tanni?

    a. She works as a coach.

    b. She took up athletics.

    c. She won four gold medals in Barcelona.

    d. She competed in her first Paralympic Games.

    e. She achieved a victbry in her first London Wheelchair Marathon.

   A. b, d, c, e, a      B. a, d, b, c ,e       C. A,d,c,e,b     D.b.d.a.e.c

50. What can we learn from Tanui's success?

   A. Union is strength.             B. Never too late to learn.

   C. Well begun is half done.        D. No pains, no gains.

 

After the Summer Olympics are over, when all the athletes and viewers have gone home and the television audience has switched off, another group of athletes and fans will arrive at the host city, and another competition will begin. These are the Paralympics, the games for athletes with a disability. But in Beijing in 2008, for the first time, one of the greatest paralympians will not be taking part.

She is a British athlete by the name of Tanni Grey-Thompson. Born with spina bifida （脊椎裂） which left her paralysed（瘫痪的） from the waist down, Tanni used a wheelchair from the age of 7. At first, she was not keen on sport, apart from horse-riding, which gave her a sense of freedom. But in her teens, she started taking sports more seriously. She tried swimming, basketball and tennis. Eventually she found athletics, and never looked back.

Indeed, Tanni's athletic career took off. In 1984, when she was 15, she pulled off a surprise victory in the 100 meters at the Junior National Wheelchair Games.

In 1988, Tanni went to her first Paralympic Games in Seoul. She won bronze in the 400 meters. Even greater success followed at the 1992 Barcelona Paralympics. Tanni won gold in the100, 200, 400 and 800 meters relay, setting two world records in the process. In the same year she achieved the first of her six London Wheelchair Marathon victories.

Tanni's enduring success has been part motivation, part preparation. “The training I do that enables me to be a good sprinter （短跑运动员） enables me to be good at a marathon too. I train 50 weeks of the year and that keep me prepared for whatever distance I want to race... I am still competing at a very high level, but as 1 get older things get harder and 1 want to retire before 1

fall apart."

Indeed Tanni retired finally after the Visa Paralympic World Cup in 2007. Her wish is to coach young athletes for Beijing 2008 Olympic Games.

In spite of ups and downs, she never takes her fate lying down. In her splendid life, she has won an amazing eleven gold medals, four silvers and one bronze in a series of Paralympics— a top level athletic career covering two decades. She has won the London Wheelchair Marathon six times, more than any other competitor, and she has set over thirty world records.

What advice does she have for young athletes? "Work hard at your studies, and then train, train and train again."

41. Which of the following sports did Tanni like before thirteen?

A. Basketball.      B. Swimming.         C. Tennis.         D. Horse-riding.

42. When did Tanni win her first Olympic gold medal?

A. In 1984.        B. In 1988.           C. In 1992.         D. In 2007.

43. The underlined word "that" in the 5th paragraph refers to____.

A. fifty weeks' training                   B. being a good sprinter

C. training almost every day             D. part motivation and part preparation

44. What's the right order of the events related to Tanni?

a. She works as a coach.

b. She took up athletics.

c. She won four gold medals in Barcelona.

d. She competed in her first Paralympic Games.

e. She achieved a victory in her first London Wheelchair Marathon.

A. b, d, c, e, a      B. a, d, b, c, e      C. a, d, c, e, b        D. b, d, a, e, c

45. What can we learn from Tanni's success?

A. Union is strength.                      B. Never too late to learn.

C. Well begun is half done.                D. No pains, no gains.

 

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