题目内容

As more and more cars are produced and used, so the _____ from their exhaust-pipes contains an even larger volume of poisonous gas.

　　A. exposure  B. distribution  C. expansion  D. emission

D


解析:

emission散发物，发射。exposure(to)暴露于：They believe that their health problems are the result of years of exposure to fine cotton dust.(他们认为，他们的健康问题是多年来暴露于棉花粉尘所致。)expansion膨胀，扩大；Heat causes the expansion of gas.本题译文：正如汽车的生产和使用越来越多一样，汽车的排气管的散发物内所含的有毒气体量也在增加。

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The amount of water in the world is finite(有限的). The number of people is growing fast and water use is growing even faster. Global water consumption rose six times between 1900 and 1995—more than double the rate of population growth.

As important as quantity is quality—with pollution increasing in some areas，the amount of useable water declines.

And the wider effects of water shortages are just as frightening as the prospect of having too little to drink.

Seventy percent of the water used worldwide is used for agriculture. Much more will be needed if we are to feed the world's growing population. And consumption will rise further as more people expect Western－style lifestyles and diets—one kilogram of grain－fed beef needs at least 15 cubic metres of water，while a kilo of cereals(谷物)needs only up to three cubic metres.

New technology can help，however，especially by cleaning up pollution and so making more water useable，and in agriculture，where water use can be made far more efficient.

Drought－resistant(抗旱的)plants can also help.

The optimists say“virtual water”may save the day—the water contained in crops which could be exported from water－rich countries to dry ones. But the amounts involved would be huge，and the energy needed to transport the water would be enormous(巨大的).

In any case，it is not just us who need water，but every other species that shares the planet with us. We have to rethink how much water we really need if we are to learn how to share the earth's supply. While dams and other large－scale schemes play a big role worldwide，there is also a growing recognition of the value of using the water we already have more efficiently rather than harvesting ever more from our rivers. For millions of people around the world，getting it right is a matter of life and death.

1. Which of the following statements on water consumption is NOT true?

A. Agriculture consumes more than haft of the water used in the world.

B. The growing population worsens the water shortage situation.

C. Lifestyles play an important role in water consumption.

D. The Western way of agriculture uses more water than the Asian way.

2. “Virtual water” refers to the water that ________.

A. is hidden in crops

B. is saved in agriculture

C. can be transported

D. can be reused with the aid of the Internet

3. In the last paragraph，the author mainly ________.

A. criticizes big projects such as dams

B. criticizes the use of river water

C. calls for the protection of other species

D. calls for the more efficient use of water

4. What's the main idea of the text?

A. Water is mainly wasted in agriculture.

B. Water pollution is threatening our health.

C. Shortage of water is a very serious problem.

D. Population growing influences water use.

It’s not only rocket scientists and journalists who are following the course of “Shenzhou V”,or “Divine ship/vessel V”.There are also lexicographers,or dictionary compilers.The flight of the Spacecraft last week might help put some new words into orbit.?

One of them is a western media coinage used to refer to the Chinese astronauts.It s a combination of the Chinese pinyin “taikong”,meaning space,and the English “astronaut”,from classical Greek:“star sailor/navigator”,for people who was going into space as a career.

In the Reuters and AP reports of October 15,“taikonaut” was used as a proper noun.For example:The long March 2F rocket carrying “taikonaut” Yang Liwei lifted off into a clear blue sky over the Gobi desert at 9 am and entered its orbit 10 minutes later.?

A Long March 2F rocket called the Shenzhou V—“divine ship” in Chinese—carried a single “taikonaut” named Yang Liwei,38,following Russian cosmonaut Yuri Gagarin and American Alan Shepard in 1961.?

The word “taikonaut” is not a newly coined term.It first emerged in November,1999,when China launched its first unmanned “Shenzhou Ⅰ” spacecraft.?

At that lime,some English news media predicted that China would soon launch a manned space flight and created the word “taikonaut” for the Chinese astronauts.It was then borrowed by the Germans media.?

But it was left out of mainstream dictionaries,such as the Merriam—Webster Dictionary and Cambridge Advanced English ?

Learner’s Dictionary.?

However,the launch of the “Shenzhou V” will most likely help boost its status since there is already a word referring specifically to Russian astronauts in the dictionary entry.?

An astronaut of Russian (or the former Soviet Union)is called a “cosmonaut”,from the Russian “kosmonaut”.The word was derived from classical Greek:“kosmonaut” (universal)and “nautes”.One might argue that “cosmonaut” is a Russian variation on the earlier word “astronaut”.

On March 14,1995,US astronaut Norman Thagard became the first American to ride into space on-board a Russian launch vehicle,arguably making him the first American cosmonaut.?

And if this trend of coinage continues,more English variations for astronaut will appear as more countries are able to send their own astronauts into outer space,what would Western journalists call an astronaut from India or Africa we’ll have to wait to see.?

66.Give the best title of the passage.(within 10 words)?

解析:主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了因为中国载人航天事业的发展而派生的一个新英语词汇“taikonaut”的由来。?

 

Water costs money．In some places water is hard 16  ．What 17  when a town has these problems？A small town in California found a happy  18  ．
　　Very 19 rain  fell there．The town had no water  of its 20 ．The water it used was  21  from a river 300 miles away．As more people   22  live in the town，   23   water was needed．Now water   24  to be brought in from 600 miles away．All these cost  25  money．
　　The town 26 a plan．It found 27   to clean its “dirty” water．Once the cleaned water was reused  28  many ways．Five  29  lakes were built．Here people could swim and fish and go   30  ．They  31 have picnics in their new parks．Farmers had more water 32  their crops．New factories can be built，because they have  33 ．
　　In most places，water is used and thrown 34 ．The town that saved  35  water has saved the town！

【小题1】
A．supplying B．gettingC．to getD．to supply
【小题2】A．happens  B．happening  C is happened  D．happened
【小题3】A．key     B．answer     C answering  D．way
【小题4】
A．littleB．a littleC．fewD．a few
【小题5】A． itself   B． own    C．it       D it’s
【小题6】
A．fetchB．takeC．brought inD．guided
【小题7】
A．come toB．came toC．coming toD．came for
【小题8】
A．manyB．plenty ofC．more D．many more
【小题9】
A．has B．hadC．must D．needed
【小题10】
A．manyB．a fewC．a great manyD．a lot of
【小题11】
A．put B．made C．supplyD．noticed
【小题12】
A．a wayB．wayC．an answerD．a key
【小题13】
A．forB．byC．atD．in
【小题14】
A．man-makingB．man-makeC．man-madeD．man made
【小题15】
A．boatingB．to boatC．to boatingD．on boating
【小题16】
A．mustB．couldC．neededD．had to
【小题17】
A．asB．withC．forD．to
【小题18】
A．waterB．enough waterC．crops enoughD．enough crops
【小题19】
A．offB．ofC．awayD．out of
【小题20】
A．it’sB．itsC．one’sD．his

The marine environment is fascinating to study and work in due to its beauty, richness, and complexity. It covers three quarters of the surface of the Earth, yet we know more detail about the surface of Mars.
In the past, it was seen as both an inexhaustible resource and a bottomless sink for our wastes. Yet the increasing pressures of overpopulation, pollution and the threat to our natural environment mean that there is an increasing need for scientists who can understand how it all works, how it affects us, and how we are affecting it from global warming through to the smallest plankton.
From local issues to global concerns, we now know that the marine environment is inextricably linked to our lives, and to our future survival. It is an area where much remains to be discovered, and where only a multidisciplinary approach can cover the breadth of issues to be confronted. This is the approach taken on our Marine Environmental Science degree course.
This course takes a multi-disciplinary approach to explore and understand the marine environment. After an initial grounding in basic science, optional choices are available in specialist topics such as marine ecosystems and pollution, coastal navigation and oceanography, among others.
Our new harbor side marine laboratory is used for some of the specialist lectures, laboratory and project work, while a week's residential field course in the Isle of Man provides training to prepare for the research project conducted in your final year. There is an optional trip to Belize in the final year to study tropical marine environments.
【小题1】 From the passage, we can infer that ______.

A．people waste a lot of resource
B．marine environment covers 3/4 of the surface of Mars
C．marine environment is beautiful for its sufficient resources
D．the Earth is similar to Mars
【小题2】The present environment of the Earth forces the experts and scholars to study ______.
A．the relationship between people’s actions and natural environment
B．the relationship between people’s actions and pollution
C．the relationship between people’s actions and overpopulation
D．the relationship between people’s actions and plankton
【小题3】 According to the passage, a multi-disciplinary approach is effective because _______.
A．we can choose some issues as optionally as we can
B．we have practiced the approach for a long time
C．the approach is linked to our future survival
D．the approach covers a lot of problems we will meet
【小题4】We can divide the lectures of the course into ______ parts.
A．1B．2 C．3D．4
【小题5】If a student choose marine Environmental Science degree course, he must ______.
A. make lectures about the issues to be confronted
B. provide training to get ready to do research project
C. take several days residential field in the Isle
travel to Belize to study tropical marine environments
Answers:

Americans often plan social gatherings（社交聚会）on short notice, so don’t be surprised if you get invited to someone’s home or to see a movie or baseball game without much warning. If the time is convenient (方便) for you, surely accept their invitation. But if you’re busy, don’t be afraid to decline the invitation, perhaps suggesting a time that would be better. Your host won’t be shamed.

Invitations are usually sent in person or over the telephone. The main exception(例外) is for some formal occasions, in which case a written invitation will be mailed. You would normally receive a written invitation to a wedding(婚礼).

For a casual(不正式的)dinner invitation, don’t arrive more than 5 minutes early, because your host may still be preparing for your visit. Arriving more than 10 minutes late is considered rude if very few people were invited. If many people were invited, it’s OK to arrive a little late, even as much as half an hour late. For example, it’s OK to arrive late for a party, for a potluck (家常便饭) dinner or for a social gathering inviting a large group of people.

If you’re invited for dinner, it’s proper to bring the host a bottle of wine, a gift basket of fruit, a box of candy (糖果), or a bouquet(束)of flowers. Don’t bring roses, as men often give roses to women on a date (约会).

If you wish to thank the host for his or her hospitality (好客), it’s right to call or send a brief (简单的) written thank-you note the next day.

1.The passage is to tell us ________.

A．how to accept Americans’ invitations.

B．something about American social visits.

C．something about American business visits.

D．how to make a living in America.

2.The underlined word “decline” in the first paragraph most probably means _____.

A．accept            B．receive           C．refuse            D．follow

3.If an American only invites you to his home for an informal supper at 7:30p.m., you’d better get to his house at ________.

A．7:15p.m.          B．7:35p.m.          C．7:45p.m.          D．7:55p.m.

4.In America, invitations to a wedding are often sent ________.

A．by mail           B．by fax            C．by e-mail          D．over the telephone

5.According to the passage, in American ________.

A．if you’re invited to a family as a guest, you can stay as long as you please.

B．if you’re invited for a party, you must always be on time.

C．if you’re invited for dinner, you’d better bring some presents.

D．you must make a call to show your thanks after you get home from the dinner.

 

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